PANORAMA CLÍNICO- EPIDEMIOLÓGICO DOS CASOS DE ZIKA VÍRUS NO MARANHÃO:ANÁLISE DOS ANOS DE 2018 A 2023

Arboviruses are endemic diseases and pose a significant challenge to public health. Among these arboviruses is the Zika virus, which can be transmitted by the bite of the Aedes aegypti mosquito and also via the placental route. This study aimed to evaluate Zika virus cases in the state of Maranhão between 2018 and 2023. This retrospective, descriptive, and quantitative study is based on secondary data provided by the System of Notifiable Diseases (SINAN) from the Department of Informatics of the Unified Health System (DATASUS). The study assessed reported cases of Zika virus in the Maranhão population from 2018 to 2023. The total number of confirmed Zika virus cases in Maranhão during this period was 5,831. The municipality of São Luís had the highest number of cases (n=2,573). The age group with the highest frequency of ZIKV cases was 20 to 39 years, accounting for 28.62% (n=1,668) of the cases. Most individuals had completed high school, representing 29.70% of the cases. The most frequent ethnicity in the sample was mixed race (parda), corresponding to 77.06% (n=4,462) of the cases. The sample was predominantly composed of female individuals (57.16%). The majority of cases received laboratory confirmation (75.66%), with an outcome of recovery (80.64%) (n=4,702), and without the presence of pregnancy (93.16%). In light of these findings, it can be inferred that further studies on the prevalence of ZIKV in the Maranhão population are extremely relevant for the development of public policies for vector control.  As arboviroses são doenças endêmicas e constituem um grande desafio para saúde pública. Dentre as arboviroses, tem-se o zika vírus, que pode ser transmitido pela picada do mosquito Aedes Aegypti e também por via placentária.O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar os casos de zika vírus, no estado do Maranhão, entre os anos de 2018 e 2023. A amostra avaliada trata-se de um estudo retrospectivo, descritivo e quantitativo, com base em dados secundários disponibilizados através do Sistema de Notificação de Agravos (SINAN), no Departamento de Informática do Sistema Único de Saúde (DATASUS). O estudo avaliou os casos notificados de Zika vírus na população maranhense, entre 2018 e 2023. O total de casos confirmados de zika vírus, no Maranhão, entre 2018 e 2023, foi de 5831.O município de São Luís foi aquele que apresentou maiores números de casos (n=2573). A faixa etária com maior frequência de casos de ZIKV foi a de 20 a 39 anos, correspondendo a um percentual de 28,62% (n=1668) dos casos. Os indivíduos, em sua maioria, apresentavam ensino médio completo, correspondendo a 29,70%. A cor/ raça mais frequente, na amostra analisada, foi a parda correspondendo a 77,06% (n=4462) dos casos. A amostra foi composta majoritariamente por indivíduos do sexo feminino (57,16% ). A maioria dos casos recebeu confirmação laboratorial (75,66%), com evolução para cura (80,64%) (n=4702)  e sem a presença de gravidez, (93,16%). Diante do exposto pode-se inferir que o desenvolvimento de mais estudos acerca da prevalência do ZIKV na população maranhense é extremamente relevante para o desenvolvimento de políticas públicas de controle de vetores.&nbsp

International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortiu (INICC) report, data summary of 43 countries for 2007-2012. Device-associated module

We report the results of an International Nosocomial Infection Control Consortium (INICC) surveillance study from January 2007-December 2012 in 503 intensive care units (ICUs) in Latin America, Asia, Africa, and Europe. During the 6-year study using the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's (CDC) U.S. National Healthcare Safety Network (NHSN) definitions for device-associated health care–associated infection (DA-HAI), we collected prospective data from 605,310 patients hospitalized in the INICC's ICUs for an aggregate of 3,338,396 days. Although device utilization in the INICC's ICUs was similar to that reported from ICUs in the U.S. in the CDC's NHSN, rates of device-associated nosocomial infection were higher in the ICUs of the INICC hospitals: the pooled rate of central line–associated bloodstream infection in the INICC's ICUs, 4.9 per 1,000 central line days, is nearly 5-fold higher than the 0.9 per 1,000 central line days reported from comparable U.S. ICUs. The overall rate of ventilator-associated pneumonia was also higher (16.8 vs 1.1 per 1,000 ventilator days) as was the rate of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (5.5 vs 1.3 per 1,000 catheter days). Frequencies of resistance of Pseudomonas isolates to amikacin (42.8% vs 10%) and imipenem (42.4% vs 26.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates to ceftazidime (71.2% vs 28.8%) and imipenem (19.6% vs 12.8%) were also higher in the INICC's ICUs compared with the ICUs of the CDC's NHSN