Second Primary Lung Cancer after Breast Cancer: Challenges and Approaches

Breast cancer is one of the most common malignancies, with a 10-year survival rate for early non-metastatic stages of over 80%. However, recurrence or relapse may occur decades after completing therapy, and cancer survivors have also a risk of secondary neoplasia especially due to radiation therapy. This case highlights the challenges of an accurate diagnosis and appropriate treatment in patients with second primary cancer and uncommon metastasis

The Prognostic Value of Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma

Background: Metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is an aggressive cancer characterised by an increased recurrence rate and an inadequate response to treatment. This study aimed to investigate the importance of the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a prognostic marker for long-term survival in patients with mRCC. Methods: We retrospectively analysed data from 74 patients with mRCC treated at our medical centre with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). We evaluated the predictive value of NLR for overall survival (OS) in these patients. Results: The median OS was 5.1 months in the higher NLR group (≥3) and 13.3 months in the lower NLR group (p p = 0.411) or in the high NLR group (4.7 vs. 5.5 months, p = 0.32). Both univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that a higher NLR was an independent prognostic factor of long-term survival in patients with mRCC treated with first-line therapy. Conclusions: This retrospective study showed that adding NLR to other Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC) and International Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma Database Consortium (IMDC) variables might improve the prognostic and predictive power of these models