Citation Analysis of North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization (NASKO) proceedings (2007-2015)

Knowledge Organization (KO) theoretical foundations are still being developed in a continuous process of epistemological, theoretical and methodological consolidation. The remarkable growth of scientific records has stimulated the analysis of this production and the creation of instruments to evaluate the behavior of science became indispensable. We propose the Domain Analysis of KO in North America through the citation analysis of North American Symposium on Knowledge Organization (NASKO) proceedings (2007-2015). We present the citation, co-citation and bibliographic coupling analysis to visualize and recognize the researchers that influence the scholarly communication in this domain. The most prolific authors through NASKO conferences are Smiraglia, Tennis, Green, Dousa, Grant Campbell, Pimentel, Beak, La Barre, Kipp and Fox. Regarding their theoretical references, Hjørland, Olson, Smiraglia, and Ranganathan are the authors who most inspired the event's studies. The co-citation network shows the highest frequency is between Olson and Mai, followed by Hjørland and Mai and Beghtol and Mai, consolidating Mai and Hjørland as the central authors of the theoretical references in NASKO. The strongest theoretical proximity in author bibliographic coupling network occurs between Fox and Tennis, Dousa and Tennis, Tennis and Smiraglia, Dousa and Beak, and Pimentel and Tennis, highlighting Tennis as central author, that interconnects the others in relation to KO theoretical references in NASKO. The North American chapter has demonstrated a strong scientific production as well as a high level of concern with theoretical and epistemological questions, gathering researchers from different countries, universities and knowledge areas

Contribuição da análise multivariada para os indicadores de avaliação dos programas de pós graduação: uma análise na área de Matemática (2007-2009)

The aim of this study is to analyze the relationship between the quantitative indicators used by CAPES and the final grade of each graduate program through the application of multivariate statistical procedures, in order to contribute to a better understanding of the Brazilian graduate program evaluation system. We evaluated all 26 graduate programs in the area of Mathematics during the 2007-2009 triennium through multivariate methods according to the following indicators: total number of theses and dissertations defended and average of published articles per permanent professor, according to Qualis stratification. It was observed that, in all cluster analyses, graduate programs with grade 3 were always gathered in one single group, while the ones with other grades were gradually separated with the insertion of more analysis of indicators. In addition, the more indicators were included in the analysis, the more refined and close to the grades attributed by CAPES were the results.O objetivo desta pesquisa é analisar a relação entre os indicadores quantitativos, utilizados na CAPES, e o conceito final de cada programa de pósgraduação, por meio da aplicação de procedimentos estatísticos multivariados, a fim de contribuir para a compreensão do sistema de avaliação da pós-graduação brasileira. Para o conjunto dos 26 programas de pós-graduação da área de Matemática, no triênio 2007-2009, foram avaliados, por meio de métodos multivariados, os seguintes indicadores: total de teses e dissertações defendidas e média de artigos por docente permanente, segundo a estratificação Qualis. Observou-se, em todas as Análises de clusters realizadas, que os programas com conceito CAPES 3 aglutinaram-se sempre em um único grupo, ao passo que os demais foram se separando à medida em que foram inseridos mais indicadores na análise. Ainda, quanto mais indicadores foram incluídos na análise, mais refinado e próximo do conceito atribuído pela CAPES foi o resultado

Contribuição da estatística multivariada para a avaliação dos programas de pós-graduação no Brasil: um estudo na área da Ciência da Informação

This research aims to analyze the contribution of multivariate statistics as a method to support the understanding of the complex methodology of graduate assessment conducted by Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel. More specifically, this research seeks to identify the cluster of graduate programs in Information Science generated by cluster analysis and the data generated by boxplot graphics, based on the set of indicators content in the Comparative Spreadsheets of Triennial Assessment of the area, and then comparing groups of graduate programs, according to the concept obtained by the Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel assessment, with the result of the cluster obtained by cluster analysis, in order to verify the participation and adequacy of indicators in the allocation of concepts of graduate programs. For all 14 graduate programs of Information Science area, evaluated in the last triennial years (2010-2012), the following indicators were analyzed: total of theses and dissertations, total of papers published, according to Qualis stratification, total of papers published in conference proceedings, books and chapters, full text, collections, and other entries and artistic production published, weighted by faculty member. According to the results, it was observed that while the formed clusters present similar concepts, only the indicators present in the Comparative Spreadsheets of Triennial Assessment were not sufficient to discern them, the inclusion of quality indicators being necessary, since the production indicators are not sufficient to distinguish the programs according to their concepts.Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo geral analisar a contribuição de técnicas estatísticas uni-multivariadas como um método de suporte ao entendimento da complexa metodologia de avaliação de programas de pósgraduação realizada pela Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior. De forma mais específica, esta pesquisa busca identificar os agrupamentos dos programas de pós-graduação em Ciência da Informação, gerados pela análise de cluster e os dados gerados pelos gráficos boxplot, com base no conjunto de indicadores presentes na Planilha Comparativa da Avaliação Trienal da área. Posteriormente, comparou-se os grupos de programas de pósgraduação, segundo a nota obtida pela avaliação com o resultado do agrupamento obtido pela análise de cluster, a fim de visualizar a participação e suficiência dos indicadores na atribuição dos conceitos dos programas de pós-graduação. Para os 14 programas de pós-graduação da área de Ciência da Informação, no triênio 2013, analisaram-se os seguintes indicadores: total de teses e dissertações defendidas, média de artigos publicados segundo a estratificação Qualis, média de trabalhos completos publicados em anais de eventos técnico-científicos, livros, capítulos de livro, texto integral, coletâneas, verbetes e outros e produção artística, ponderados por docente permanente. De acordo com os resultados obtidos, observou-se que, embora os agrupamentos formados apresentem conceitos próximos, apenas os indicadores presentes na Planilha não são suficientes para discerni-los, sendo necessária a inclusão de indicadores qualitativos, uma vez que os indicadores de produção não são suficientes para distinguir os programas de acordo com seus conceitos

Considerações sobre as avaliações em larga escala no brasil e o papel dos organismos internacionais: eficiência e produtividade x qualidade

This essay intend to do an analyze around the historic, politic and ideological conditions which are involved in the large scale external evaluations and the international organisms interference in the area. Due to, it was done a bibliographic and data study. From the reflections, it was possible to detect the influence of this international organism in the large scale evaluation in Brazil. It was possible to see the relevance of the evaluations when they are used as an instrument that contributes to the elaboration of public politics in the educational field. It is evident the need of an evaluation system which works with the education in the totality and provide an effective improvement in the education qualit.Esse texto realiza uma análise acerca das condições históricas, políticas e ideológicas sobre as avaliações externas em larga escala, e as interferências dos organismos internacionais nesse setor. Para tanto, realizamos estudo bibliográfico e documental. A partir deles percebemos forte influência das políticas do Banco Mundial e de organismos internacionais nas avaliações em larga escala no Brasil. Destacamos a relevância das avaliações, como mecanismo que possibilitam levantar elementos para elaboração de políticas públicas no campo educacional. Evidenciamos a necessidade de um sistema de avaliação que trate da educação na totalidade e proporcione uma efetiva melhoria da qualidade do ensino

Aportes da análise econômica no estudo da judicialização da saúde e o risco da promoção desigual de direitos

O presente artigo pretende demonstrar a importância de aportes da análise econômica do direito para o fenômeno conhecido por “judicialização da saúde”, nos casos de ajuizamento de ações individuais que, a pretexto da consagração do direito fundamental à saúde, culminam por desconsiderar políticas públicas específicas destinadas ao atendimento do maior número possível de pacientes, materializadas pelos Protocolos Clínicos e Diretrizes Terapêuticas – PCDT. Nesse contexto, entende-se que a judicialização dos conflitos gerados ocasiona a formação de políticas públicas anômalas, na medida em que decorrem do Poder Judiciário. A análise cita levantamento realizado pela Secretaria de Estado da Saúde do Paraná – SESA/PR durante os anos de 2010 e 2014 e evidencia o impacto monetário das decisões judiciais sobre o orçamento público destinado à saúde pública. Após breve apresentação de julgados que demonstram a forte interferência judicial em casos de medicamentos, os argumentos expendidos buscam ressaltar a importância da análise econômica do direito para a promoção efetiva do acesso ao direito fundamental à saúde, em contraposição ao cenário desigual hodierno

The Importance of Accounting for Landscape Position When Investigating Grasslands: A Multidisciplinary Characterisation of a California Coastal Grassland

Grasslands are one of the most common land-cover types, providing important ecosystem services globally, yet few studies have examined grassland critical-zone functioning throughout hillslopes. This study characterised a coastal grassland over a small hillslope at Point Reyes National Seashore, California, using multidisciplinary techniques, combining remotely-sensed, geophysical, plant, and soil measurements. Clustering techniques delineated the study area into four landscape zones, up-, mid-, and down-slope, and a bordering riparian ecotone, which had distinct environmental properties that varied spatially across the site, with depth, and time. Soil moisture increased with depth and down slope towards a bordering riparian zone, and co-varied with soil CO2 flux rates both spatially and temporally. This highlighted three distinct controls of soil moisture on soil respiration: CO2 fluxes were inhibited by high moisture content in the down-slope during the wet winter months, and converged across landscape positions in the dry summer months, while also displaying post-rain pulses. The normalised difference vegetation index (NDVI) ranged from 0.32 (September)–0.80 (April) and correlated positively with soil moisture and aboveground biomass, moving down slope. Yet, NDVI, aboveground biomass, and soil moisture were not correlated to soil organic carbon (SOC) content (0.4%–4.5%), which was highest in the mid-slope. The SOC content may instead be linked to shifts in dominant grassland species and their rhizosphere properties with landscape position. This multidisciplinary characterisation highlighted significant heterogeneity in grassland properties with landscape position, and demonstrated an approach that could be used to characterise other critical-zone environments on hillslopes

Association between soil organic carbon and calcium in acidic grassland soils from Point Reyes National Seashore, CA

Organo-mineral and organo-metal associations play an important role in the retention and accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC). Recent studies have demonstrated a positive correlation between calcium (Ca) and SOC content in a range of soil types. However, most of these studies have focused on soils that contain calcium carbonate (pH > 6). To assess the importance of Ca-SOC associations in lower pH soils, we investigated their physical and chemical interaction in the grassland soils of Point Reyes National Seashore (CA, USA) at a range of spatial scales. Multivariate analyses of our bulk soil characterisation dataset showed a strong correlation between exchangeable Ca (Ca$_{Exch}$; 5–8.3 c.mol$_{c}$ kg$^{−1}$) and SOC (0.6–4%) content. Additionally, linear combination fitting (LCF) of bulk Ca K-edge X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectra revealed that Ca was predominantly associated with organic carbon across all samples. Scanning transmission X-ray microscopy near-edge X-ray absorption fine structure spectroscopy (STXM C/Ca NEXAFS) showed that Ca had a strong spatial correlation with C at the microscale. The STXM C NEXAFS K-edge spectra indicated that SOC had a higher abundance of aromatic/olefinic and phenolic C functional groups when associated with Ca, relative to C associated with Fe. In regions of high Ca-C association, the STXM C NEXAFS spectra were similar to the spectrum from lignin, with moderate changes in peak intensities and positions that are consistent with oxidative C transformation. Through this association, Ca thus seems to be preferentially associated with plant-like organic matter that has undergone some oxidative transformation, at depth in acidic grassland soils of California. Our study highlights the importance of Ca-SOC complexation in acidic grassland soils and provides a conceptual model of its contribution to SOC preservation, a research area that has previously been unexplored