Variações nos teores do C total e isotópico do solo após substituição do cerrado em sistemas agrícolas no Triângulo Mineiro / Changes in the total and isotopic soil carbon after conversion from Cerrado to agricultural systems in the Triângulo Mineiro

Os solos do Cerrado sofrem impactos resultantes da substituição da vegetação original em sistemas agrícolas traduzidos na forma de desequilíbrios nos estoques e natureza do carbono. A região do Triângulo Mineiro vem sendo intensamente desmatada por ser uma área pioneira de expansão do agronegócio e apresenta sérios problemas relacionados à erosão do solo. Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo avaliar as mudanças na quantidade (Ctotal) na natureza (δ13C) do carbono do solo após conversão do cerrado denso em áreas com diferentes usos agrícolas (pastagem, soja e rotação soja/milho), manejos (sistemas convencionais e plantio direto). Os resultados mostraram que as mudanças nos valores relacionados ao uso e manejo são determinados também pelas características texturais dos solos formados pela alteração de litotipos distintos. Dentre os diferentes usos e manejo, o maior enriquecimento da taxa de carbono foi determinado na área com soja/milho no sistema de plantio direto em solo argiloso e o maior empobrecimento em pastagens não manejadas em solos desenvolvidos da alteração do arenito das Formações Adamantina e Marília. Estes estudos são úteis para serem usados como indicadores de qualidade para a conservação ambiental

Impacts of conversion of the original Brazilian cerrado vegetation in agriculture systems: changes of soil organic carbon and δ¹³C

The Brazilian savannah (cerrado) is an area of expansion of agribusiness. Among the various environmental changes related to deforestation of the savannah stand out impacts related to soil organic matter such as the imbalances in stocks and the changing nature of soil organic carbon. The objective of these study was to evaluate changes in nature (δ13C) and quantity (C%) of soil carbon after conversion of the dense savannah vegetation in areas under different lan duses (pasture, soybeans, corn / soybean rotation), management (conventional and zero tillage) developed in soils with different textural characteristics. The results showed that the average data set of non–managed grazing was the most distanced from the value obtained in cerrado soil. Another factor that determined the lowest concentrations of organic carbon was the presence of sandy soil. The results showed that the carbon C4 grasses in areas occupied by pastures, with or without management, replaced the original C3 carbon originated by cerrado. In the areas of conventional tillage, and no–tillage soybean, and consortium soybean/corn, no clear trend of impoverishment or enrichment of carbon and the carbon substitution as well as the incorporation of different nature of the carbon could be found

Impactos da substituição da vegetação original do Cerrado brasileiro em sistemas agrícolas: alteração do carbono orgânico do solo e d13C

The Brazilian savannah (cerrado) is an area of expansion of agribusiness. Among the various environmental changes related to deforestation of the savannah stand out impacts related to soil organic matter such as the imbalances in stocks and the changing nature of soil organic carbon. The objective of these study was to evaluate changes in nature (δ13C) and quantity (C%) of soil carbon after conversion of the dense savannah vegetation in areas under different lan duses (pasture, soybeans, corn / soybean rotation), management (conventional and zero tillage) developed in soils with different textural characteristics. The results showed that the average data set of non-managed grazing was the most distanced from the value obtained in cerrado soil. Another factor that determined the lowest concentrations of organic carbon was the presence of sandy soil. The results showed that the carbon C4 grasses in areas occupied by pastures, with or without management, replaced the original C3 carbon originated by cerrado. In the areas of conventional tillage, and no-tillage soybean, and consortium soybean/corn, no clear trend of impoverishment or enrichment of carbon and the carbon substitution as well as the incorporation of different nature of the carbon could be found