Propiedad y derechos subjetivos

Nedelsky and Kelse

An Intensive Archaeological Survey of Enchanted Rock State Natural Area Llano and Gillespie Counties, Texas

During February through April 1979, the Center for Archaeological Research, The University of Texas at San Antonio, carried out an intensive archaeological survey at Enchanted Rock State Natural Area, Llano and Gillespie Counties, Texas. A summary of the 120 newly recorded sites is presented, along with more detailed information on shovel testing, auger testing and two excavated sites. Data from faunal and constant volume analyses at the excavated sites are described and tabulated. Appendices include documentation of a local collection, an artifact inventory from an earlier survey, and an analysis of phytoliths from one of the excavated sites

Critical Review of the Complex Interactions between Trust and Credibility Associated with Conservation Science

The credibility enjoyed by natural science and scientists during most of the 20th Century has been challenged in the 21st Century. Philosophers of science have noted waning trust in science as an appropriate foundation for socio-political decisions (Haack, 2012). We propose a preliminary critical review of professional conservation literature that defines trust, explains its emergence, and acknowledges benefits and risks associated with trust. Second, we explore how trust and credibility interact to enhance or detract from scientific legitimacy

PERAN WANITA USAHATANI TANAMAN HIAS TERHADAP PENDAPATAN KELUARGA MISKIN DI DESA TOLOMBUKAN KECAMATAN PASAN KABUPATEN MINAHASA TENGGARA

The purpose of this study was to determine the role of ornamental plant farming women in poor families in Tolombukan Village, Pasan District, Southeast Minahasa Regency. The research was conducted for three months, from December to February 2020. The data used are primary data obtained through interviews with 20 women who are farming ornamental plants. Secondary data were obtained from the Tolombukan Village Office. The data analysis used is descriptive, contribution formula and the data is presented in tabular form. The role of women as main breadwinners if it has greater than 50 percent. The results showed that the role of women as wives who cultivated ornamental plants in Tolombukan Village was as additional breadwinners and not the main breadwinners for their families.

Acoustic motion estimation and control for an unmanned underwater vehicle in a structured environment

The problem of identification and navigation, guidance and control in unmanned underwater vehicles (UUVs) is addressed in this paper. A task-function-based guidance system and an acoustic motion estimation module have been integrated with a conventional UUV autopilot within a two-layered hierarchical architecture for closed-loop control. Basic techniques to estimate the robot dynamics using the sensors mounted on the vehicle have been investigated. The proposed identification techniques and navigation, guidance and control (NGC) system have been tested on Roby2, a UUV developed at the Istituto Automazione Navale of the Italian C.N.R. The experimental set-up, as well as the modalities and results, are discussed.Programma Nazionale di Recerche in Antartide (PNRA

Normative reference of standing long jump for colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years: The fuprecol study

The purpose of this study was to generate normative values for the standing long jump (SLJ) test in 9- to 17.9-year olds and to investigate sex and age-group differences. The sample comprised 8,034 healthy Colombian schoolchildren [boys n = 3,488 and girls n = 4,546; mean (SD) age 12.8 (±2.3) years old]. Each participant performed two SLJ. Centile smoothed curves, percentile, and tables for the third, 10th, 25th, 50th, 75th, 90th, and 97th percentiles were calculated using Cole's Lambda-Mu-Sigma method. The 2-way analysis of variance tests and Cohen's d showed that the maximum SLJ (centimeter) was higher in boys than in girls across age groups (p less than 0.01), reaching the peak at 13 years. Posthoc analyses within the sexes showed yearly increases in SLJ in all ages. In boys, the 50th percentile SLJ score ranged from 109 to 165 cm. In girls, the 50th percentile jump ranged from 96 to 120 cm. For girls, jump scores increased yearly from age 9 to 12.9 years before reaching a plateau at an age between 13 and 15.9. Our results provide, for the first time, sex- and age-specific SLJ reference values for Colombian schoolchildren aged 9-17.9 years. The normative values presented in this study provide the basis for the determination of the proposed age- and sex-specific standards for the FUPRECOL (Association for Muscular Strength with Early Manifestation of Cardiovascular Disease Risk Factors Among Colombian Children and Adolescents) Study-Physical fitness battery for children and adolescents. © 2016 National Strength and Conditioning Association

Carbamazepine alone and in combination with doxycycline attenuates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy

β-adrenergic signaling is involved in the development of cardiac hypertrophy (CH), justifying the use of β-blockers as a therapy to minimize and postpone the consequences of this disease. Evidence suggests that adenylate cyclase, a downstream effector of the β-adrenergic pathway, might be a therapeutic target. We examined the effects of the anti-epileptic drug carbamazepine (CBZ), an inhibitor of adenylate cyclase. In a murine cardiac hypertrophy model, carbamazepine significantly attenuates isoproteronol (ISO)-induced cardiac hypertrophy. Carbamazepine also has an effect in transverse aortic banding induced cardiac hypertrophy (TAB) (P=0.07). When carbamazepine was given in combination with the antibiotic doxycycline (DOX), which inhibits matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), therapeutic outcome measured by heart weight-to-body weight and heart weight-to-tibia length ratios was improved compared to either drug alone. Additionally, the combination therapy resulted in an increase in the survival rate over a 56-day period compared to that of untreated mice with cardiac hypertrophy or either drug used alone. Moreover, in support of a role for carbamaze -pine as a β-adrenergic antagonist via cAMP inhibition, a lower heart rate and a lower level of the activated phosphorylated form of the cAMP Response Element-Binding (CREB) were observed in heart extracts from mice treated with carbamazepine. Gene expression analysis identified 19 genes whose expression is significantly altered in treated animals and might be responsible for the added benefit provided by the combination therapy. These results suggest that carbamazepine acts as a β-adrenergic antagonist. Carbamazepine and doxycycline are approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as drugs that might complement medications for cardiac hypertrophy or serve as an alternative therapy to traditional β-blockers. Furthermore, these agents reproducibly impact the expression of genes that may serve as additional therapeutic targets in the management of cardiac hypertrophy

Brucella melitensis VjbR and C12-HSL regulons: contributions of the N-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone signaling molecule and LuxR homologue VjbR to gene expression

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Quorum sensing is a communication system that regulates gene expression in response to population density and often regulates virulence determinants. Deletion of the <it>luxR </it>homologue <it>vjbR </it>highly attenuates intracellular survival of <it>Brucella melitensis </it>and has been interpreted to be an indication of a role for QS in <it>Brucella </it>infection. Confirmation for such a role was suggested, but not confirmed, by the demonstrated <it>in vitro </it>synthesis of an auto-inducer (AI) by <it>Brucella </it>cultures. In an effort to further delineate the role of VjbR to virulence and survival, gene expression under the control of VjbR and AI was characterized using microarray analysis.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Analyses of wildtype <it>B. melitensis </it>and isogenic Δ<it>vjbR </it>transciptomes, grown in the presence and absence of exogenous <it>N</it>-dodecanoyl homoserine lactone (C₁₂-HSL), revealed a temporal pattern of gene regulation with variances detected at exponential and stationary growth phases. Comparison of VjbR and C₁₂-HSL transcriptomes indicated the shared regulation of 127 genes with all but 3 genes inversely regulated, suggesting that C₁₂-HSL functions via VjbR in this case to reverse gene expression at these loci. Additional analysis using a Δ<it>vjbR </it>mutant revealed that AHL also altered gene expression in the absence of VjbR, up-regulating expression of 48 genes and a <it>luxR </it>homologue <it>blxR </it>93-fold at stationary growth phase. Gene expression alterations include previously un-described adhesins, proteases, antibiotic and toxin resistance genes, stress survival aids, transporters, membrane biogenesis genes, amino acid metabolism and transport, transcriptional regulators, energy production genes, and the previously reported <it>fliF </it>and <it>virB </it>operons.</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>VjbR and C₁₂-HSL regulate expression of a large and diverse number of genes. Many genes identified as virulence factors in other bacterial pathogens were found to be differently expressed, suggesting an important contribution to intracellular survival of <it>Brucella</it>. From these data, we conclude that VjbR and C₁₂-HSL contribute to virulence and survival by regulating expression of virulence mechanisms and thus controlling the ability of the bacteria to survive within the host cell. A likely scenario occurs via QS, however, operation of such a mechanism remains to be demonstrated.</p