The politics of exchange : a study of ceremonial exchange amongst the Chimbu

The Chimbu were, in 1961, a comparatively well known New Guinea Highland group. In the "broadest sense of the words, they fitted in to the Highland pattern of acephalous, patrilineal, sedentary, sweet-potato cultivating societies. At that stage Dr. Paula Brown, as an anthropologist, and Dr. H.C. Brookfield, as a geographer, had carried out joint fieldwakk in the Chimhu area, concentrating mainly on the agricultural and political systems. As a result of their work, the overall pattern of settlement and distribution of groups throughout the Chimhu-speaking area was known. Information regarding the language was a good deal less reliable than the up-to-date information on social organisation and agriculture provided by Brown and Brookfield. Various Roman Catholic and Lutheran missionaries had compiled grammars, dictionaries and word lists of varying degrees of reliability. None were comprehensive and all suffered from a lack of a standardized orthography. They were, however, invaluable as an entry into the language. My interests lying jointly in the fields of anthropology and linguistics, it seemed sensible to choose an area of fieldwork on which, there was already a basic information about both the language and the social organisation. Chimbu was such an area

On the variants of Newari vowels: A study in phonological non-alignment

From the introduction: Newari vowels display marked individualistic tendencies. There is a prominent asymmetry in the relation between long and short vowels in that there are six short vowels, /i, e, ā, a, o, u/, but eight long vowels, /ii, ee, ae, āe, aa, āā, oo, uu/. More interesting for this study, however, is the fact that no two of these vowels respond to exactly the same set of low level phonetic rules, or are influenced in manifesting one phonetic exponent or another by the same set of phonological environments. In this paper we explore these phonetic differences in the attempt to show that underlying all the idiosyncratic behavior there is a system that accounts for it, a system that we are tempted to refer to as the politics of phonetic non-alignment. Non-alignment in the phonetics of Newari vowels, however, does not lead to egalitarian independence. Rather, it leads to salient inequalities in the degree to which various vowels are forced to modify their phonetic manifestations in the face of pressures from the phonological context

ELTS Validation Project report

(ELTS - English Language Testing Service)Available from British Library Document Supply Centre- DSC:7761.53(ELTS-RR--1(1)) / BLDSC - British Library Document Supply CentreSIGLEGBUnited Kingdo