A investigação matemática, como prática pedagógica, favorece a ocorrência do diálogo no ensino de matemática?

O presente artigo trata-se de um relato de experiência embasado por um estudo teórico sobre a investigação matemática como prática pedagógica, e sobre o diálogo como facilitador do processo de aprendizagem de matemática. Para ilustrar nosso estudo apresentamos uma atividade aplicada para alunos de um Colégio Público do Norte do Paraná, utilizando como prática pedagógica a investigação matemática, a qual foi o instrumento de análise em nossa pesquisa, no sentido de analisar seu favorecimento para ocorrência do diálogo. na seqüência, apresentamos uma reflexão acerca das interações ocorridas entre os participantes, assim como, se estas interações satisfazem o entendimento de diálogo preconizado por Alrø e Skovsmose, (2010), para quem, a ocorrência do diálogo auxilia no processo de aprendizagem dos estudantes. Por fim, tecemos algumas considerações a respeito de nossa pesquisa

MASSAGEM PERINEAL DURANTE A GESTAÇÃO: EXPERIÊNCIA DOS ACOMPANHANTES

Considering the evidence that indicates the restrictive and non-routine use of episiotomy, different techniques and interventions are being used to prevent perineal trauma, mainly by midwives. The aim of this study was to understand the experience of companions when performing perineal massage on their partners during pregnancy. This is a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive research. Data collection was carried out from April 2016 to April 2017, through semi-structured interviews and descriptive notes, at the participants’ homes or workplaces. Ten companions participated in the research. Data were evaluated using Bardin’s content analysis, with the help of the software Visual Qualitative Data Analysis (ATLAS.ti 8.0). After analyzing the results obtained, five categories emerged: challenges pointed out by companions for perineal massage; contributions of perineal massage to perineal protection; perineal massage favors the companion’s involvement during pregnancy;strategies for performing perineal massage; recommendations from companions based on their experiences. The performance of perineal massage by the companion during pregnancy contributes to the male prenatal care and favors the couple’s bond, being a care proposal that aims at the continuous presence of the man in activities of the pregnancy-puerperal cycle.Considerando as evidências que indicam o uso restritivo, e não rotineiro, de episiotomia, diferentes técnicas e intervenções estão sendo utilizadas para evitar o trauma perineal, principalmente, por enfermeiras obstétricas e obstetrizes. Com isso, objetivou-se compreender a experiência dos acompanhantes ao realizarem a massagem perineal em suas companheiras durante a gestação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, exploratório-descritiva. A coleta de dados foi realizada entre abril de 2016 e abril de 2017, por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas e notas descritivas, na residência ou local de trabalho dos participantes. Participaram da pesquisa 10 acompanhantes. Os dados foram interpretados por meio da análise de conteúdo de Bardin, com auxílio do software Visual Qualitative Data Analysis (ATLAS.ti 8.0). Após análise dos resultados obtidos, emergiram cinco categorias: desafios apontados pelos acompanhantes para a realização da massagem perineal; contribuições da massagem perineal para a proteção do períneo; a massagem perineal favorece o envolvimento do acompanhante durante a gestação; estratégias para a realização da massagem perineal; e, recomendações dos acompanhantes a partir de suas experiências. A realização da massagem perineal pelo acompanhante durante a gestação contribui para o pré-natal masculino e favorece o vínculo do casal, sendo uma proposta de cuidado que visa à contínua presença do homem em atividades do ciclo gravídico-puerperal

Jambolão extract and potassium sorbate as antimicrobial components in active packaging

This study aimed to use the raw extract of jambolão (Syzygium cumini L.) and potassium sorbate as antimicrobial components in cellulose acetate films and evaluate their potential for application as active packaging forsugar-free banana preserve. The films  were prepared using the casting method and evaluated for thickness and inhibition potential. The efficiency of the films as active packaging, in situ, was evaluated through the enumeration of aerobic mesophiles and mold and yeast over 36 days of storage of banana preserves.Furthermore, in order to analyze the fungicidal effect of the films against banana preserve with an initial load of microorganisms, mold and yeast were counted for 25 days of storage. The results showed that the incorporation of crude jambolão extract increased the film thickness, and its inhibition potential was similar to the film with incorporated potassium sorbate. Furthermore, the film with crude jambolão extract reduced mold and yeast growth by up to 1 log cycle over 36 days of storage. Furthermore, the use of the film with potassium sorbate promoted the same effect as this preservative added directly to the fruit preserve and proved to be efficient even with relevant initial contamination. Thus, the use of these active packagings presents an opportunity for industries as they reduce health risks and improve the safety and quality of preserves.This study aimed to use the raw extract of jambolão (Syzygium cumini L.) and potassium sorbate as antimicrobial components in cellulose acetate films and evaluate their potential for application as active packaging forsugar-free banana preserve. The films  were prepared using the casting method and evaluated for thickness and inhibition potential. The efficiency of the films as active packaging, in situ, was evaluated through the enumeration of aerobic mesophiles and mold and yeast over 36 days of storage of banana preserves

Molecular characterization and virulence factor profiles of Staphylococcus aureus isolated from bovine mastitis in Brazilian herds

Staphylococcus aureus is the main etiological agent of bovine mastitis worldwide and knowledge about its diversity and virulence factors is vital in controlling infections caused by this pathogen. The present study aimed to perform molecular characterization of a population of S. aureus (n=153 strains isolated from 1994 to 2014 in seven Brazilian states) by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and evaluate their virulence profiles via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). PFGE identified 93 pulsotypes, with the isolates organized into 26 clusters and 20 unique pulsotypes. Predominant pulsotypes were observed, with variations according to the years of isolation and geographic origin of the isolates. Based on the PCR results for the genes encoding agglutination factors (ClfA and ClfB), binding proteins (fibronectin binding protein - FnBPA, elastin binding protein - Ebps, collagen binding protein - Cna), and toxins (Hla, Hlb and Luk-ED), 40 virulence profiles were detected. The frequency of virulence genes ranged from 58 to 98% (clfA:84.3%; clfB and hlb both 81%; hla:71.2%; fnBA:82.3%; Can:94.7%; ebps:58%; and lukED:98%). The existence of prevalent genotypes in some of the Brazilian states and the time period studied suggests that these genotypes are better adapted, with favorable characteristics in host/pathogen relationships. Genes of proven importance for S. aureus pathogenesis in bovine mastitis were widely distributed in genetically divergent populations, suggesting that most of these genes may be interesting candidates in the development of vaccines to control bovine mastitis in Brazil

Perfil lipídico em crianças e adolescentes com excesso de peso

BACKGROUND: to assess lipid profile alterations and associated factors in obese or overweight children and adolescent. METHODS: cross-sectional study developed from April to November 2009, including 217 overweight children and adolescents, from 2 to 18 years old, users of the public health system, Campina Grande-PB. nutritional status was classified, according to percentile, as: overweight (85e"bmiOBJETIVO: verificar alterações lipídicas e fatores associados em crianças e adolescentes obesos ou com sobrepeso. MÉTODO: estudo transversal realizado entre abril e novembro de 2009, incluindo 217 crianças e adolescentes, com excesso de peso, entre dois e 18 anos, usuários do Sistema Único de Saúde, Campina Grande-PB. A classificação do estado nutricional, segundo o percentil, considerou: sobrepeso (85e"IM

Comparison of different flexibility training methods and specific warm-up on repetition maximum volume in lower limb exercises with female jazz dancers

Introduction: Some evidences show that stretching exercises prior to a strength training session can result in decrease of performance. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the acute effect of different stretching protocols in the lower limbs using the sum of repetition maximum (RM) performed before a strength training session. Material and methods: The sample consisted of ten female jazz dancers (age: 24.7 ± 7.84 years), with no experience in strength training. Six visits were conducted in which participants were subjected to 10-RM test, 10-RM retest and four different warm-up protocols: specific warm-up, static stretching, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and ballistic stretching. Results: The results obtained in this study showed that in the squat exercise in the Smith machine, the ballistic stretching protocol had a significantly higher volume compared to all other protocols, while the PNF had a significantly higher volume in comparison with the specific warm-up protocol and static stretching protocol (p < 0.05). However, in the leg extension, there were no significant differences in the total volume of maximum repetitions between protocols. Conclusion: Ballistic stretching was the most effective protocol to increase the levels of muscle strength in female jazz dancers

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The pace of life for forest trees.

Tree growth and longevity trade-offs fundamentally shape the terrestrial carbon balance. Yet, we lack a unified understanding of how such trade-offs vary across the world's forests. By mapping life history traits for a wide range of species across the Americas, we reveal considerable variation in life expectancies from 10 centimeters in diameter (ranging from 1.3 to 3195 years) and show that the pace of life for trees can be accurately classified into four demographic functional types. We found emergent patterns in the strength of trade-offs between growth and longevity across a temperature gradient. Furthermore, we show that the diversity of life history traits varies predictably across forest biomes, giving rise to a positive relationship between trait diversity and productivity. Our pan-latitudinal assessment provides new insights into the demographic mechanisms that govern the carbon turnover rate across forest biomes