Detecting spatiotemporal variability in the physicochemical properties of water in the Lower Mearim using remote sensing data

Natural or anthropogenic chemical compounds of different origins often accumulate in estuarine regions. These compounds may alter the water quality. Therefore, It is important to constantly monitor the quality of estuarine regions. A combination of remote sensing and traditional sampling can lead to a better monitoring program for water quality parameters. The objective of this work is to assess the spatiotemporal variability of the physicochemical properties of water in the lower region of the Mearim River and estimate water quality parameters via remote sensing. Samples were collected at 16 points, from Baixo Arari to the mouth of the watershed, using a multiparameter meter and Landsat 8 satellite images. The physicochemical parameters of the water had high salinity levels, between 2.30 and 20.10 parts per trillion; a high total dissolved solids content, between 2.77 and 19.70 g/L; and minimum dissolved oxygen values. Estimating the physicochemical properties of the water via remote sensing proved feasible, particularly in the dry season when there is less cloud cover

Risk factors associated with musculoskeletal symptoms in military high school students: a cohort study

Abstract - Aim To evaluate the association between the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and potential risk factors in military high school students. Methods: Participants were Brazilian military high school students. They were evaluated in two consecutive days: Day 1: anamnesis and physical fitness tests; Day 2: Cooper 12-min run test. A follow-up of 16 months of the sample was performed to register musculoskeletal symptoms. A Proportion Comparison Test was performed to evaluate if there was a significant difference between the number of musculoskeletal complaints among regions of trunk, lower limbs and upper limbs. Results of the baseline evaluation (age, body composition and physical fitness) were presented as mean and standard deviation. A 2x2 table was developed with the sociodemographic, lifestyle and previous symptoms variables at the baseline evaluation. Finally, a bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association/interaction between independent variables and musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: A total of 86 students (16.0 ± 1.0 years, 22.4 ± 3.2 of body mass index and 15.7 ± 6.6% body fat) were included. Proportion Comparison Test showed no difference between knee and shoulders, hip or thigh and neck (P = 0.21; P = 0.10; and P = 0.10, respectively). Bivariate analysis showed association among the age and parent's occupation and any musculoskeletal symptom in any body region (OR = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.26-0.92; OR = 4.68, 95%CI = 1.70-12.82, respectively). Conclusion: Age is a protective factor for musculoskeletal symptoms in any region of the body in high school military students, with older students having less chance of symptoms.Abstract - Aim To evaluate the association between the occurrence of musculoskeletal symptoms and potential risk factors in military high school students. Methods: Participants were Brazilian military high school students. They were evaluated in two consecutive days: Day 1: anamnesis and physical fitness tests; Day 2: Cooper 12-min run test. A follow-up of 16 months of the sample was performed to register musculoskeletal symptoms. A Proportion Comparison Test was performed to evaluate if there was a significant difference between the number of musculoskeletal complaints among regions of trunk, lower limbs and upper limbs. Results of the baseline evaluation (age, body composition and physical fitness) were presented as mean and standard deviation. A 2x2 table was developed with the sociodemographic, lifestyle and previous symptoms variables at the baseline evaluation. Finally, a bivariate logistic regression analysis was used to evaluate the association/interaction between independent variables and musculoskeletal symptoms. Results: A total of 86 students (16.0 ± 1.0 years, 22.4 ± 3.2 of body mass index and 15.7 ± 6.6% body fat) were included. Proportion Comparison Test showed no difference between knee and shoulders, hip or thigh and neck (P = 0.21; P = 0.10; and P = 0.10, respectively). Bivariate analysis showed association among the age and parent's occupation and any musculoskeletal symptom in any body region (OR = 0.50, 95%CI = 0.26-0.92; OR = 4.68, 95%CI = 1.70-12.82, respectively). Conclusion: Age is a protective factor for musculoskeletal symptoms in any region of the body in high school military students, with older students having less chance of symptoms

Maxillofacial and dental-related injuries from a Brazilian forensic science institute : victims and perpetrators characteristics and associated risk factors

Trauma due to external causes represents one of the greatest challenges for public health services in different regions around the world. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of facial trauma, associated risk factors, and classification of body injuries in individuals who underwent forensic examination in a Brazilian center. Data were collected at the Ceará State Forensic Medicine unit in a 12-year period. Sociodemographic data related to the etiological agent and lesions resulting from the bodily injury were recorded. Among 1,031 physical injury exams, physical aggression (p<0.001), male victims aged between 21 and 30 years (p<0.001), salaried workers (p<0.001), and soft tissue and dentoalveolar injuries were significant findings. Regarding aggression, domestic violence was prevalent (p<0.001), perpetrated by the victim?s partner (p<0.001), using a blunt instrument during the aggression (p<0.001), and directly associated with soft tissue injury (p<0.001). In traffic accidents, the most common type was motorcycle accident (p<0.001), on weekdays (p=0.036), at nighttime (p=0.134), showing a significant association with bone fractures (p=0.001). Oral and maxillofacial injuries obtained from a Brazilian forensic science center were significantly associated with sociodemographic and etiological factors

Evaluation of the use and need of dental prosthesis in a school clinic: a cross-study / Avaliação do uso e necessidade de prótese dentária numa clínica escola: um estudo transversal

Objective: This paper aims to identify the use and need of prosthesis, age and gender of users of the dental service of the school clinic of a private university in Recife. Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was performed through analysis of medical records. From 2,294 records of the semesters 2016.2 and 2017.1, 790 were analyzed that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The study was divided into three groups according to the age of the patients (35 - 44, 45 - 64 and 65 - 74 years old) and were analyzed according to gender, prosthesis use, need of prosthesis or use and need of prosthesis. Data were tabulated in Microsoft Excel © and submitted to statistics. Results: Females were the most expressive in the search of the service (66.1%); besides that, 86.8% of the patients did not wear prosthesis and 71.1% needed to use it. Total Prosthesis was the most used (50%) and the Removable Partial Prosthesis presented the greatest need of use (74%). Conclusion: It was concluded that women from 45 – 64 years old seek more the rehabilitation service, and the need is greater in one arcade, showing an evolution to access the dentist. 

Índice Bioespectral para monitorização da profundidade anestésica com proporfol

Investigar a eficácia da sedação guiada por BIS com proporfol. Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. A pesquisa se iniciou a partir da pergunta de investigação “Qual a eficácia da sedação guiada por BIS com proporfol?”. O levantamento eletrônico foi realizado nas bases de dados LILACS e Pubmed com o auxílio das palavras-chave “Índice Bioespectral”, “BIS”, “proporfol”, “sedação”, “monitorização” e “complicações”. Foram selecionados seis estudos, sendo o de menor população amostral 20 pacientes e o de maior população amostral 4945 pacientes. A utilização de diferentes drogas anestésicas e indutoras podem modificar o padrão de controle da profundidade anestésica guiada por BIS. Os pacientes mais velhos diferem em relação ao efeito de sedação do proporfol e também os padrões espectrais, sendo necessária uma abordagem individualizada que considere o fator idade. O proporfol é um fármaco amplamente utilizado para induções anestésicas. O monitoramento BIS para infusões de proporfol deve-se considerar fatores como idade do paciente, visto que, pacientes idosos tendem a necessitar de menores doses do fármaco para induções anestésicas satisfatórias. Os autores recomendam a manutenção dos valores de BIS entre 40 a 60 para que sejam diminuídas as possibilidades de recordação cirúrgica. Além disso, a associação de drogas com o proporfol parece reduzir a necessidade de proporfol de resgate na indução anestésica

Tratamento farmacoterapêutico homeopático aos pacientes portadores de doenças crônicas / Homeopathic pharmacotherapeutic treatment for patients with chronic diseases

A homeopatia está se crescendo no mercado, sendo reconhecida como alternativa de tratamento e representação de saúde. Essa prática terapêutica de Samuel Hahnemann condiz em curar doentes frente aos medicamentos preparados por diluições infinitesimais que tem como capacidade produzir no indivíduo o bem-estar aos sintomas idênticos da doença. O objetivo deste estudo foi verificar na literatura vigente, a efetividade e adesão dos medicamentos na terapêutica dos pacientes. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura, nas seguintes bases de dados: Scientific Eletronic Library Online (SCIELO); Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) e Literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS), utilizando os descritores em DeCS – Descritores em Ciências da Saúde – foram utilizados Homeopatia, Procedimentos terapêuticos e Enfermidades. A seleção respeitou critérios de inclusão/exclusão dos artigos disponíveis de forma completa e gratuita, entre os anos de 2015 a 2020, nos idiomas português, inglês e espanhol. Foram excluídos estudos que se mostravam inconclusos e/ou repetitivos. Foram encontrados 301 estudos dos quais 17 cumpriram os critérios previamente estabelecidos e foram incluídos na revisão. Na qual os pacientes estão obtendo resultados significativos nos tratamentos homeopáticos. É essencial entender que a Homeopatia está crescendo como alternativa terapêutica para o tratamento dos pacientes portadores de patologias crônicas. Portanto, e importante que entidades da saúde trabalhem  mais em terapias homeopáticas, fortalecendo investimento na farmacoterapia, oferecendo ao paciente  mais uma  alternativa de tratamento

Antioxidant, antimicrobial and immunostimulant properties of saline extract from Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz (Fabaceae) leaves

281-289Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz is a species that originates in India and Central America and is widely distributed in the world. This plant presents important biological properties, due to the presence of some secondary medicinal metabolites, such as tannins, glycosides, flavonoids and diterpenes. In folk medicine, C. pulcherrima is used in different diseases as bronchitis, asthma, infections, wounds and eye irritations. The aim of this study was to perform a phytochemical screening and evaluate which biological properties the saline extract of leaves from C. pulcherrima have against microorganisms and animal cells. Results showed that 15 majority compounds could be found in saline extract distributed among phenol, coumarin and quercetin groups.Saline extract of leaves from C. pulcherrima also showed good results in antioxidant test and showed significant antifungal property against Candida strains. Moreover, the saline extract did not showed cytotoxicity against mice splenocytes and promoted proliferation in these cells. These results may be predictive for future studies using the saline extract from C. pulcherrima leaves as cell stimulant agent in a pharmaceutical phytotherapic formulation used in cicatricial and in vitro immunostimulant assays

Delirium em pós operatório: uma revisão integrativa

Investigar a literatura acerca das intervenções disponíveis para prevenir delirium em pacientes idosos pós cirúrgicos. Foi realizada uma Revisão Integrativa da Literatura. O levantamento eletrônico foi realizado nas bases de dados LILACS e Pubmed com o auxílio das palavras-chave registradas nos Descritores em Ciências da Saúde (DeCs): Delirium, idosos, cirurgia, prevenção, pós operatório. As palavras-chave foram ainda traduzidas para o idioma inglês da seguinte forma: Delirium, elderly, surgery, prevention, post-operative. A instituição de estratégias que possam prevenir o delirium é de fundamental importância no acompanhamento de idosos em pós operatório. O haloperidol intravenoso em baixas doses pode diminuir a incidência de delirium pós operatório em pacientes idosos. a ocorrência de biomarcadores como indicadores de diagnóstico ou de prognóstico de delirium e, registraram que, as evidências disponíveis atualmente na literatura não apoiam a utilização dessa estratégia. A dexmedetomidina parece ser uma medicação eficaz capaz de promover a diminuição da ocorrência de delirium nesses pacientes. Além disso, estratégias que possam promover a diminuição exposição a sedativos pode promover a redução dessa condição. A anestesia regional intraoperatória não foi capaz de promover a diminuição da ocorrência do delirium pós-operatório. A utilização do haloperidol na redução da ocorrência do delirium é incerta

Morinda citrifolia linn leaf extract possesses antioxidant activities and reduces nociceptive behavior and leukocyte migration

This is a copy of an article published in the Journal of Medicinal Food© 2011 - copyright Mary Ann Liebert, Inc.; Journal of Medicinal Food is available online at: http://online.liebertpub.comHerbal drugs have been used since ancient times to treat a wide range of diseases. Morinda citrifolia Linn (popularly known as ‘‘Noni’’) has been used in folk medicine by Polynesians for over 2,000 years. It is reported to have a broad range of therapeutic effects, including effects against headache, fever, arthritis, gingivitis, respiratory disorders, infections, tuberculosis, and diabetes. The aim of this study was to investigate the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antinociceptive, and antibacterial properties of the aqueous extract from M. citrifolia leaves (AEMC). Antioxidant activity was observed against lipid peroxidation, nitric oxide, and hydroxyl radicals. The antinociceptive effect of AEMC was observed in the acetic acid–induced writhing test at the higher dose. Moreover, AEMC significantly reduced the leukocyte migration in doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg and showed mild antibacterial activity. Together, the results suggest that properties of M. citrifolia leaf extract should be explored further in order to achieve newer tools for managing painful and inflammation conditions, including those related to oxidant states

A epidemiologia da cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo no Brasil e os principais fatores de risco da cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo: The epidemiology of Takotsubo cardiomyopathy in Brazil and the main risk factors for takotsubo cardiomyopathy

A Cardiomiopatia de Takotsubo (CTT) é uma disfunção cardíaca reversível, a qual está relacionada, diretamente, ao estresse físico ou emocional. Objetiva-se através dessa pesquisa evidenciar os principais fatores de risco da CT. Trata-se de uma revisão sistemática realizada no motor de busca Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde (BVS) na base de dados das “Ciências em Saúde em Geral” (Scielo, Medline, Lilacs). Percebeu-se que que a CT apresenta uma ocorrência maior em mulheres na fase de pós-menopausa, onde são atingidas pelo estresse emocional, bem como a inserção de marcapasso também pode desencadear a doença. Entretanto, a etiologia da CT ainda é marcada por controvérsias, mas há concordância acerca do surgimento da CT estar relacionado com a abundância de catecolaminas circulantes