Genesi ecologica della partecipazione tra individualismo e collettivismo

Si esplorano i meccanismi della partecipazione, indagando i fattori individuali e contestuali che la favoriscono e la incrementano, a partire dall'analisi fenomenologica delle esperienze di vita di leader di comunità, inseriti in una complessa struttura sociale espressa sul territorio (Agro Aversano - CE) dai processi migratori

Villaggio della Solidarietà

Si intende illustrare il processo di attivazione di un intervento di solidarietà e advocacy all’interno del fasto fenomeno delle migrazioni, denominato “Villaggio della solidarietà-Parete 2009”, finalizzato a dare una maggiore visibilità al fenomeno, a dare impulso ad un prototipo di partecipazione alla vita di comunità, a favorire l’acquisizione di competenze linguistiche e sociali attraverso esperienze ricreative e interculturali condivise

Women and Domestic violence in the professional experience of Italian General Practitioners

A number of studies have investigated the roots of the destructive power acting within the couple (Welzer Lang, 1991; Walker, 1979, 2000). Danis and Lockhart (2003) highlighted how social workers’ best practices, are not frequently used, especially in regards to contact with the victims of intimate-partner violence. We investigated how Italian general practitioners (IGPs) deal with this issue within their professional practice. A snowball sample of 268 IGPs was taken, in order to collect their beliefs concerning the victim, the aggressor and the violent couple’s relationship. Furthermore the experience in coping with both suspected and actual cases of domestic violence, as well as the GP’s needs and expectations was taken in consideration

The Tumor-Immune Microenvironment and Response to Radiation Therapy

Chemotherapy and radiation therapy (RT) are standard therapeutic modalities for patients with cancer, including breast cancer. Historic studies examining tissue and cellular responses to RT have predominantly focused on damage caused to proliferating malignant cells leading to their death. However, there is increasing evidence that RT also leads to significant alterations in the tumor microenvironment, particularly with respect to effects on immune cells infiltrating tumors. This review focuses on tumor-associated immune cell responses following RT and discusses how immune responses may be modified to enhance durability and efficacy of RT

T-cell metagene predicts a favorable prognosis in estrogen receptor-negative and HER2-positive breast cancers

Introduction: Lymphocyte infiltration (LI) is often seen in breast cancer but its importance remains controversial. A positive correlation of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) amplification and LI has been described, which was associated with a more favorable outcome. However, specific lymphocytes might also promote tumor progression by shifting the cytokine milieu in the tumor. Methods: Affymetrix HG-U133A microarray data of 1,781 primary breast cancer samples from 12 datasets were included. The correlation of immune system-related metagenes with different immune cells, clinical parameters, and survival was analyzed. Results: A large cluster of nearly 600 genes with functions in immune cells was consistently obtained in all datasets. Seven robust metagenes from this cluster can act as surrogate markers for the amount of different immune cell types in the breast cancer sample. An IgG metagene as a marker for B cells had no significant prognostic value. In contrast, a strong positive prognostic value for the T-cell surrogate marker (lymphocyte-specific kinase (LCK) metagene) was observed among all estrogen receptor (ER)-negative tumors and those ER-positive tumors with a HER2 overexpression. Moreover ER-negative tumors with high expression of both IgG and LCK metagenes seem to respond better to neoadjuvant chemotherapy. Conclusions: Precise definitions of the specific subtypes of immune cells in the tumor can be accomplished from microarray data. These surrogate markers define subgroups of tumors with different prognosis. Importantly, all known prognostic gene signatures uniformly assign poor prognosis to all ER-negative tumors. In contrast, the LCK metagene actually separates the ER-negative group into better or worse prognosis

Cortical injury in multiple sclerosis; the role of the immune system

The easily identifiable, ubiquitous demyelination and neuronal damage that occurs within the cerebral white matter of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) has been the subject of extensive study. Accordingly, MS has historically been described as a disease of the white matter. Recently, the cerebral cortex (gray matter) of patients with MS has been recognized as an additional and major site of disease pathogenesis. This acknowledgement of cortical tissue damage is due, in part, to more powerful MRI that allows detection of such injury and to focused neuropathology-based investigations. Cortical tissue damage has been associated with inflammation that is less pronounced to that which is associated with damage in the white matter. There is, however, emerging evidence that suggests cortical damage can be closely associated with robust inflammation not only in the parenchyma, but also in the neighboring meninges. This manuscript will highlight the current knowledge of inflammation associated with cortical tissue injury. Historical literature along with contemporary work that focuses on both the absence and presence of inflammation in the cerebral cortex and in the cerebral meninges will be reviewed

La gestione economica delle aziende farmaceutiche: alcuni spunti di riflessione

Il lavoro illustra le attività di ricerca e sviluppo ed il conseguente inserimento nel bilancio di esercizio, nonché le peculiarità di gestione delle aziende farmaceutiche ed i riflessi sull'equilibrio economico-finanziario

Dalla Ragioneria ‘scientifica’ all’Economia Aziendale: il ‘contesto culturale’

Il contributo intende evidenziare il contesto culturale in cui si è sviluppata la ragioneria scientifica, tra la seconda metà del XIX secolo e i primi decenni del XX secol

Il primo contributo scientifico di Gino Zappa allo sviluppo dell’informativa di bilancio

Il lavoro intende illustrare il primo contributo scientifico di Gino Zappa, intitolato: “Le valutazioni di bilancio con particolare riguardo ai bilanci delle società per azioni”. Tale monografia, pubblicata nel 1910, è anche la prima opera sistematica sull’argomento scritta da un aziendalista. Peraltro, essa si innesta in un contesto giuridico arretrato – il codice di commercio del Regno d’Italia del 1882 – molto aderente a quello francese del 1807 il quale, con riferimento al bilancio, era piuttosto lacunoso. Pur essendo un’opera “giovanile” e rappresentando solo il punto di partenza del contributo scientifico dello Zappa alla redazione del bilancio di periodo, essa risulta particolarmente interessante, oltre che per i contenuti, anche per l’approccio, estremamente rigoroso, con cui viene affrontato il tema oggetto di approfondimento. Il volume in questione è infatti molto ricco di spunti e di approfondimenti critici che hanno a lungo rappresentato un punto di riferimento nel panorama dei relativi studi ed hanno fornito un rilevante contribuito allo sviluppo dell’informativa economico-finanziaria che l'articolo intende mettere in evidenza

Ricordo di Carlo Antinori ad un anno dalla scomparsa

Si tratta di un ricordo di un illustre studioso di storia della ragioneria scomparso