Resultados perioperatorios de la colecistectomía precoz en pacientes geriátricos con colecistitis aguda

Objetivo: Determinar los resultados perioperatorios en pacientes geriátricos sometidos a colecistectomía precoz. Método: Se realizó un estudio de cohorte retrospectiva poblacional, donde participaron 189 pacientes con diagnóstico de colecistitis aguda, que fueron operados mediante técnica abierta en el Hospital Regional Docente de Trujillo, durante un periodo de 3 años, dentro el cual se estudiaron las características clínicas, complicaciones intraoperatorias y postoperatorias. Resultados: La muestra estudiada presentó una mayor proporción de pacientes de sexo femenino (76,72%) a diferencia del sexo masculino; en cuanto a las comorbilidades hubo una mayor proporción de pacientes con Hipertensión Arterial (29,63%) a diferencia de los que presentaron Diabetes Mellitus tipo 2 (23,81%) que fue más baja; así mismo el tiempo operatorio 74,87 ± 19,92 min. Las complicaciones intraoperatorias estuvieron presentes en el 7,94%. Con respecto a las complicaciones postoperatorias, se encontró una incidencia del 4,23%. Conclusiones: La colecistectomía precoz presentó una proporción más alta de complicaciones intraoperatorias a comparación de las complicaciones postoperatorias.Objective: To determine the perioperative results in geriatric patients undergoing early cholecystectomy. Method: A population retrospective cohort study was carried out, which included 189 patients diagnosed with acute cholecystitis, who underwent open surgery at the Regional Teaching Hospital of Trujillo, during a period of 3 years, during which the clinical characteristics were studied. operative time, intraoperative and postoperative complications. Results: The sample studied showed a higher proportion of femal e patients (76.72%) than the male sex; Regarding comorbidities, there was a higher proportion of patients with Arterial Hypertension (29.63%), in contrast to those who presented Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (23.81%), which was lower; likewise the operative time 74,87 ± 19,92 min. Intraoperative complications were present in 7.94%. With respect to postoperative complications, an incidence of 4.23% was found. Conclusions: Early cholecystectomy presented a higher proportion of intraoperative complications compared to postoperative complications.Tesi

Use of a biphasic perfusion process based on mild hypothermia for recombinant glucocerebrosidase (GBA) production

The main goal of this study was to develop an innovative CHO-based process for the production of glucocerebrosidase (GBA), an enzyme used for the replacement therapy of Type 1 Gaucher disease. The focus of the present study was on the development of a perfusion process, combining strategies that are commonly used for process optimization: temperature reduction, and supplementation of the culture medium with productivity enhancers, such as short chain fatty acids. The effects of mild hypothermic conditions combined with valeric acid supplementation were first studied in batch shake flasks for two clones (CHO-GBA-36K and CHO-GBA-65P), developed previously using as host the cell lines CHO.K1 (ATCC CCL-61) and CHO.PRO5 (a glycosylation mutant developed by Stanley et al. Cell 6:121, 1975), respectively. A DOE approach was used (Table 1) to select the most promising cultivation conditions to be further applied to a perfusion process. The best performance regarding both cell growth and GBA production was obtained for the CHO-GBA-65P clone under condition [1], at 31ºC with no valeric acid (Table 1). Under this condition, CHO-GBA-65P achieved a maximum qP of 58.4 mU/106 cells/d, which is 4.2 fold higher than qP at the control condition [2] and 2.7 fold higher than the maximum qP obtained for the CHO-GBA-36K clone, which was achieved at 31ºC with 2 mM valeric acid supplementation (condition [3]). Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Automation proposal in the customer service area for the Vitta Healthy Bakery venture

Teniendo en cuenta el impacto de la globalización en las empresas, así como la configuración de los nuevos modelos de negocio y los diferentes avances de la industria 4.0 que han generado una serie de cambios y oportunidades en ambientes tecnológicos, sociales y empresariales, como se logró evidenciar en los últimos 5 años, en donde el entorno se vio influenciado por fenómenos como la pandemia COVID 19, creando escenarios disruptivos y más inciertos para personas y empresas, en donde la premisa se orientó a tomar medidas relacionadas con la seguridad en salud física y mental, ser resiliente y adaptarse a una nueva realidad. Para el caso de las organizaciones, sin considerar su tamaño, orientación y oferta, dicha adaptación se concentró en gran medida a suprimir procesos tradicionales y manuales para darle paso al desarrollo en ambientes digitales, amigables y automatizados. Todo esto con el fin de contar con un valor diferenciador en el mercado, optimizar recursos y brindar un mejor servicio al cliente.RESUMEN 6 SUMMARY 6 INTRODUCCIÓN 11 1. CAPÍTULO I. PROBLEMA U OPORTUNIDAD 13 1.1. ANTECEDENTES DEL PROBLEMA 13 1.2. PREGUNTA DE INVESTIGACIÓN 14 1.3. OBJETIVOS 15 1.3.1. Objetivo general 15 1.3.2. Objetivos específicos 15 1.4. JUSTIFICACIÓN 15 2. CAPÍTULO II. MARCO TEÓRICO Y ESTADO DEL ARTE 19 3. CAPÍTULO III. METODOLOGÍA 23 4. CAPÍTULO IV. RESULTADOS 26 5. CAPÍTULO V. CONCLUSIONES 28 BIBLIOGRAFÍA 30MaestríaTaking into account the impact of globalization on businesses, as well as the configuration of new business models and the various advances of the Industry 4.0 that have generated a series of changes and opportunities in technological, social, and business environments, as evidenced in the last 5 years, where the environment was influenced by phenomena such as the COVID-19 pandemic, creating disruptive and more uncertain scenarios for individuals and companies, where the premise was oriented towards taking measures related to physical and mental health safety, being resilient, and adapting to a new reality. For organizations, regardless of their size, orientation, and offerings, this adaptation focused largely on eliminating traditional and manual processes in favor of development in digital, user-friendly, and automated environments. All of this in order to have a differentiating value in the market, optimize resources, and provide better customer service.Modalidad Presencia

Orbital shaken bioreactor for influenza A virus production in high cell density cultivations

The majority of large scale cell culture processes is performed in stirred tank bioreactors (STR) and process development employs scale down models of the same bioreactor type. However, for screening of clones or process conditions at even smaller scale, shake flasks (SF) represent the most widely used model. Occasionally, SF allow for robust processes that cannot be transferred to STR because sensitive cells cannot cope with mechanical stress in STR due to stirring and aeration. Orbital shaken bioreactors (OSB) are a valuable alternative to STR as the transfer from SF to OSB is simplified because the systems rely on the same basic principles for mixing and aeration (e.g., bubble-free surface gassing). In particular, high oxygen transfer rates and short mixing times combined with low shear stress can also be achieved in OSB. These benefits may be even more pronounced in high density culture processes. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract

Distribuição Espacial do Índice Regional de Crédito Rural para as Microrregiões do Rio Grande do Sul (2000-2015)

O crédito rural tem um importante papel como ins­trumento de política agrícola e promotor do desen­volvimento da agropecuária, uma vez que permite uma maior integração técnica da indústria com a agricultura, apesar da tendência à concentração re­gional. Neste sentido, este estudo teve por objetivo analisar a distribuição espacial do crédito rural em relação ao valor adicionado pela produção agrope­cuária para as microrregiões do Estado do Rio Gran­de do Sul, a partir da aplicação do Índice Regional de Crédito Rural, para os anos de 2005, 2010 e 2015. Entre os resultados, destacam-se: (i) desigualdades na distribuição do crédito rural, processo que se concentrou nas microrregiões que apresentaram os maiores IRCR, entre elas Campanha Ocidental, onde prevalecem propriedades ligadas à atividade pecuária; Caxias do Sul e Não-Me-Toque, regiões com diversas empresas ligadas ao ramo do setor do agroindustrial, Porto Alegre, microrregião com maior número de instituições financeiras e; (ii) que a média do IRCR superior à unidade, de 1,48, de­monstra que o estado obteve participação maior na distribuição do crédito rural em relação ao VAB da Agropecuária

Low Concentrations of Hydrogen Peroxide or Nitrite Induced of Paracoccidioides brasiliensis Cell Proliferation in a Ras-Dependent Manner

Paracoccidioides brasiliensis, a causative agent of paracoccidioidomycosis (PCM), should be able to adapt to dramatic environmental changes inside the infected host after inhalation of air-borne conidia and transition to pathogenic yeasts. Proteins with antioxidant functions may protect fungal cells against reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen (RNS) species generated by phagocytic cells, thus acting as potential virulence factors. Ras GTPases are involved in stress responses, cell morphology, and differentiation in a range of organisms. Ras, in its activated form, interacts with effector proteins and can initiate a kinase cascade. in lower eukaryotes, Byr2 kinase represents a Ras target. the present study investigated the role of Ras in P. brasiliensis after in vitro stimulus with ROS or RNS. We have demonstrated that low concentrations of H2O2 (0.1 mM) or NO2 (0.1-0.25 mu M) stimulated P. brasiliensis yeast cell proliferation and that was not observed when yeast cells were pre-incubated with farnesyltransferase inhibitor. We constructed an expression plasmid containing the Byr2 Ras-binding domain (RBD) fused with GST (RBD-Byr2-GST) to detect the Ras active form. After stimulation with low concentrations of H2O2 or NO2, the Ras active form was observed in fungal extracts. Besides, NO2 induced a rapid increase in S-nitrosylated Ras levels. This alternative posttranslational modification of Ras, probably in residue Cys123, would lead to an exchange of GDP for GTP and consequent GTPase activation in P. brasiliensis. in conclusion, low concentrations of H2O2 or NO2 stimulated P. brasiliensis proliferation through Ras activation.Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Coordenacao Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel SuperiorUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Terapia Celular & Mol CTCMol, Dept Bioquim Biol Mol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Microbiol Imunol & Parasitol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Ctr Terapia Celular & Mol CTCMol, Dept Bioquim Biol Mol, São Paulo, BrazilUniversidade Federal de São Paulo, Dept Ciencias Biol, São Paulo, BrazilFAPESP: 2011/14392-2CNPq: 477764/2009-6Web of Scienc

Guía didáctica para promover la motivación en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de matemáticas en estudiantes de tercer grado

A quasi-experimental study with a control group was carried out in the Ecuador Antarctic school to investigate the impact of a didactic guide designed to promote motivation in the learning of mathematics in third grade students. The sample consisted of 93 students, divided into an experimental group (n=34) and a control group (n=27). The experimental group received classes using the didactic guide, while the control group followed the standard curriculum. Exploratory surveys were conducted with teachers and students to understand the problem and an initial diagnostic evaluation was carried out. The didactic guide, "Exploring the World of Mathematics", included practical and playful activities designed to improve motivation and align the contents with the curricular standards. Statistical tests such as the Mann-Whitney U test and the Wilcoxon test were used to compare motivation scores between groups and to evaluate the evolution within the experimental group. Qualitative feedback was collected from teachers through a questionnaire at the end of the strategy implementation. The results showed a significant improvement in intrinsic and extrinsic motivation, as well as in academic performance, in the experimental group compared to the control group. The didactic guide was well received by the teachers, who highlighted its usefulness and effectiveness in the classroom.Se realizó un estudio cuasiexperimental con grupo de control en la escuela Ecuador Antártico para investigar el impacto de una guía didáctica diseñada para promover la motivación en el aprendizaje de matemáticas en estudiantes de tercer grado. La muestra consistió en 93 estudiantes, divididos en un grupo experimental (n=34) y un grupo de control (n=27). El grupo experimental recibió clases utilizando la guía didáctica, mientras que el grupo de control siguió el currículo estándar. Se realizaron encuestas exploratorias a profesores y estudiantes para comprender la problemática y se llevó a cabo una evaluación diagnóstica inicial. La guía didáctica Explorando el mundo de las matemáticas incluyó actividades prácticas y lúdicas diseñadas para mejorar la motivación y alinear los contenidos con los estándares curriculares. Se emplearon pruebas estadísticas como la U de Mann-Whitney y la de Wilcoxon para comparar los puntajes de motivación entre los grupos y evaluar la evolución dentro del grupo experimental. Se recolectó retroalimentación cualitativa de los docentes mediante un cuestionario al finalizar la implementación de la estrategia. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la motivación intrínseca y extrínseca, así como en el rendimiento académico, en el grupo experimental en comparación con el grupo de control. La guía didáctica fue bien recibida por los docentes, quienes destacaron su utilidad y efectividad en el aula

ANÁLISE ECONOMÉTRICA DA INFLUÊNCIA DA TAXA DE CÂMBIO E DA RENDA EXTERNA SOBRE AS EXPORTAÇÕES DOS PRODUTOS BÁSICOS DO ESTADO DO RIO GRANDE DO SUL (2001-2018)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi o de mensurar a influência da taxa de câmbio e da renda externa sobre as exportações de produtos básicos do Estado do Rio Grande do Sul (RS) para o período de janeiro de 2001 a outubro de 2018. Os dados foram coletados no site IPEADATA e no site Internacional Financial Statistics do Fundo Monetário Internacional (FMI/IFS). Para tanto, utilizou-se o Modelo Vetorial de Correção de Erros (VECM). Os resultados indicaram que a elasticidade da renda externa é muito superior à elasticidade da taxa de câmbio, inferindo-se que as exportações gaúchas de produtos básicos respondem melhor a uma variação na renda externa do que à da taxa de câmbio. Assim, o crescimento da renda mundial e, consequentemente, o aumento da demanda fazem com que as exportações não sejam tão dependentes da taxa de câmbio

Nasal polyposis : more than a chronic inflammatory disorder : a disease of mechanical dysfunction : the São Paulo position

Introduction The importance of our study lies in the fact that we have demonstrated the occurrence of mechanical dysfunction within polypoid tissues, which promotes the development of polyps in the nasal cavity. Objective To change the paradigm of nasal polyposis (NP). In this new conception, the chronic nasal inflammatory process that occurs in response to allergies, to pollution, to changes in the epithelial barrier, or to other factors is merely the trigger of the development of the disease in individuals with a genetic predisposition to an abnormal tissue remodeling process, which leads to a derangement of the mechanical properties of the nasal mucosa and, consequently, allows it to grow unchecked. Data Synthesis We propose a fundamentally new approach to intervening in the pathological process of NP, addressing biomechanical properties, fluid dynamics, and the concept of surface tension. Conclusion The incorporation of biomechanical knowledge into our understanding of NP provides a new perspective to help elucidate the physiology and the pathology of nasal polyps, and new avenues for the treatment and cure of NP