Analyse écorégionale marine de Nouvelle-Calédonie : atelier d'identification des aires de conservation prioritaires

Dans le cadre de l'initiative pour les récifs coralliens du Pacifique sud (CRISP), le WWF-France a souhaité développer un projet pour la protection des récifs et des lagons néo-calédoniens. L'atelier, qui s'est déroulé les 10 et 11 août à Nouméa, avait pour objectif de rassembler les scientifiques et les experts du lagon néocalédonien pour identifier, sur la base de leur connaissance experte, les zones les plus remarquables du lagon (richesse, endémisme, originalité des faunes et flores, espèces emblématiques, zones d'intérêt fonctionnel) sur lesquelles doivent porter en priorité les efforts de conservation. Il a permis d'identifier 20 aires prioritaires pour la conservation, parmi lesquelles 6 ont un intérêt mondial, 4 ont un intérêt sur le plan régional, les autres ayant un intérêt local

Selection theory and selection programmes

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Number of sex alleles in a sample of honeybee colonies

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La diversite genetique chez Apis mellifera

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Mitochondrial DNA variability in honeybees and its phylogeographic implications

A physical map of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) of the honeybee (Apis mellifera L) has been established with 17 restriction enzymes (46 sites). Elements of the genic map have been inferred from sequence data. The superimposition of both maps indicate that the gene order is quite similar between honeybee and Drosophila. The total length of the mitochondrial genome falls between 16 500 and 17 000 bp. This range is due to several regions exhibiting length polymorphisms. Two of them overlap with the control region, but a third one is unexpectedly located between the CO-I and CO-II genes. This last polymorphism is explained by the occurrence of variable numbers of 2 related sequences, called P and Q, which arose through tandem duplication. Sequence data from 3 regions of the mtDNA genome can be used to infer a phylogenetic tree for 4 Apis species: the resulting tree topology, (florea(dorsata(cerana,mellifera))), confirms the phylogeny based on morphometry and behavior. The mtDNA variability of Apis mellifera indicates 3 major lineages: African colonies (lineage A) including intermissa, adansonii, scutellata, capensis and monticola subspecies; mellifera colonies (lineage M); ligustica, carnica and caucasica colonies (lineage C). This distribution is very similar to the 3 evolutionary branches inferred from morphometric analysis by Ruttner. The main difference concerns the branch M which, according to Ruttner, includes also intermissa and iberica. From an Asian origin, 3 evolutionary branches colonized respectively northern Europe (M), the north-Mediterranean region (C) and Africa (A). Based on the Drosophila evolutionary rate, this divergence would have occurred between 300 000 and 1300 000 bp

Aspects of genetic variability in Apis mellifera L.

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A likelihood ratio test for species membership based on DNA sequence data

DNA barcoding as an approach for species identification is rapidly increasing in popularity. However, it remains unclear which statistical procedures should accompany the technique to provide a measure of uncertainty. Here we describe a likelihood ratio test which can be used to test if a sampled sequence is a member of an a priori specified species. We investigate the performance of the test using coalescence simulations, as well as using the real data from butterflies and frogs representing two kinds of challenge for DNA barcoding: extremely low and extremely high levels of sequence variability

Variability of the post-capping stage duration of the worker brood in three different races of Apis mellifera

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