Identification and characterization of a novel non-structural protein of bluetongue virus

Bluetongue virus (BTV) is the causative agent of a major disease of livestock (bluetongue). For over two decades, it has been widely accepted that the 10 segments of the dsRNA genome of BTV encode for 7 structural and 3 non-structural proteins. The non-structural proteins (NS1, NS2, NS3/NS3a) play different key roles during the viral replication cycle. In this study we show that BTV expresses a fourth non-structural protein (that we designated NS4) encoded by an open reading frame in segment 9 overlapping the open reading frame encoding VP6. NS4 is 77–79 amino acid residues in length and highly conserved among several BTV serotypes/strains. NS4 was expressed early post-infection and localized in the nucleoli of BTV infected cells. By reverse genetics, we showed that NS4 is dispensable for BTV replication in vitro, both in mammalian and insect cells, and does not affect viral virulence in murine models of bluetongue infection. Interestingly, NS4 conferred a replication advantage to BTV-8, but not to BTV-1, in cells in an interferon (IFN)-induced antiviral state. However, the BTV-1 NS4 conferred a replication advantage both to a BTV-8 reassortant containing the entire segment 9 of BTV-1 and to a BTV-8 mutant with the NS4 identical to the homologous BTV-1 protein. Collectively, this study suggests that NS4 plays an important role in virus-host interaction and is one of the mechanisms played, at least by BTV-8, to counteract the antiviral response of the host. In addition, the distinct nucleolar localization of NS4, being expressed by a virus that replicates exclusively in the cytoplasm, offers new avenues to investigate the multiple roles played by the nucleolus in the biology of the cell

TETANOS ET ULCERE DE JAMBE

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DANGER DE L'INTOXICATION OXYCARBONEE AIGUE

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L'oxydation bismuthique des corticostéroïdes urinaires: application à la mesure de la sécrétion de cortisol par dilution isotopique

A new method is described for the measurement of cortisol secretion rate by the isotope dilution technique. The main steps of the procedure are a bismuthate oxidation of the urinary metabolites of cortisol, an alumina column chromatography and the determination of the specific activity of the pooled major metabolites of cortisol. This procedure avoids the difficulties encountered in the methods using paper chromatography. For ten normal adult males, cortisol secretion rate was 22.0 mg/24 h with a standard deviation of 3.1 mg. These results are in fair agreement with the data recorded in the literature. © 1965.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

L'oxydation bismuthique des corticostéroïdes urinaires (fractionnement chromatographique sur colonne)

The chromatographic characteristics of the 17-ketosteroids obtained by a bismuthate oxidation of cortisone, cortisol, and tetrahydrocortisone, have been studied in a column chromatographic system directly derived from the method of Dingemanse. © 1962.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

L'oxydation bismuthique des corticostéroïdes urinaires

The authors described the application to the urines of a method of selective determination of the 17-hydroxysteroids, using enzymic hydrolysis, bismuthate oxidation and column chromatography (17-ketogenic steroids). This procedure allows the simultaneous determination of the excretion rate of the 11-deoxyand 11-oxysteroids. The results obtained in normal subjects and after stimulation and suppression of the adrenal secretion (ACTH, dexamethasone, metopirone and pyrogens) show the practical interest of this method. © 1963.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Acute pulmonary edema following carbon monoxide poisoning

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Changing echocardiographic features of a hydatid cyst of the heart

A 24 year old woman with pulmonary embolism and a past history of echinococcal disease underwent echocardiography which detected two cysts in the right ventricle which became more solid after treatment with mebendazole. The surgical and pathological findings confirmed the presence of the two cysts and the hydatid nature of the lesion.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

ASSISTANCE RESPIRATOIRE PAR OXYGENATEUR A MEMBRANE EXTRACORPOREL (AROME). ESSAI CLINIQUE

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ASPECTS CLINIQUES ET ELECTRO-ENCEPHALOGRAPHIQUES D'UNE INTOXICATION SEVERE A L'ALPHACHLORALOSE

The authors report a case of acute and massive poisoning by alphachloralose in a 18 yr old girl. The clinical symptoms were characterised by coma, epilepsy and myoclonic jerks. Early and repeated electroencephalograms were done in this case. Inspite of the important doses which were absorbed, the recovery was complete under respiratory assistance and anticonvulsant treatment.SCOPUS: NotDefined.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe