La céramique du Néolithique ancien

National audienceL'assemblage céramique des couches 64 à 53 présente un effectif total de 143 fragments. Cet échantillon est relativement faible cependant ces éléments céramiques présentent un intérêt indéniable pour la discussion de la néolithisation du Bassin rhodanien. Deux hypothèses peuvent être envisagées quant à l'interprétation du stock céramique de l'horizon néolithique ancien de la grotte du Gardon : -- l'assemblage est constitué d'au minimum trois traditions céramiques distinctes : les tessons décorés de cannelures à méplats encochés d'affinité limbourg, le vase à cordons d'affinités ASP ou VSG final et les vases décorés de cannelures ou inornés d'obédience méridionale. -- l'assemblage est constitué de deux traditions céramiques : celle des tessons décorés de cannelures à méplats encochés d'affinité limbourg d'une part, et celle d'affinité méditerranéenne comprenant les vases inornés et le vase à cordon. Nous retiendrons la seconde hypothèse qui est renforcée par la découverte de céramiques à décor plastique le long de la vallée du Rhône. Tous ces éléments plaident en faveur d'une progression d'un courant stylistique de sens sud-nord qu'il conviendra de matérialiser plus concrètement. Force est de constater que la zone géographique considérée ici reçoit les influx des deux grands courants de néolithisation, méditerranéen et danubien. À cet écheveau culturel, viennent se rajouter les diverses manifestations des cultures de la fin du Mésolithique, qui ont pu elles aussi jouer un rôle dans la composition du Néolithique ancien rhodanien

Neolithization of the Western Mediterranean: Pottery productions, circulation and recombination

During the 6th millennium cal. BC, the western Mediterranean is progressively settled by the first farmers according to various mechanisms. We propose to observe the question of circulation of raw materials, products and practices in this specific chrono-cultural context. Two scales of observations are considered in this paper. In the first one, the macro regional scale, we’ll examine the question of circulation of Neolithic practices between Italy and South of France. In the second scale of observation, the regional scale, we will focus on the Languedoc area in order to present some of our results on circulation of potteries

Vivy – Les Monteaux

L’opération archéologique menée à Vivy avait pour but de vérifier que la nouvelle sablière implantée aux Monteaux n’allait pas détruire des vestiges archéologiques. En effet, il y a quelques années, à quelques centaines de mètres de là, des vestiges campaniformes avaient été mis à jour au cours de l’exploitation d’une tranche précédente de la sablière. L’intervention s’est révélée négative, 48 sondages ont été effectués sur une emprise de 5,3 ha. Seuls quelques fossés parcellaires modernes et..

Forage Production and Nitrogen Status in Mixed Fodder Crops

In Southern Italy, the lack of rain during the summer period is one of the main factors limiting fodder crop production. Another very important parameter, linked to drought, is N fertilisation. In these conditions, it is necessary to find mixtures of legumes and grasses able to ensure good production and quality in the driest months, and to rationalise N fertilisation through control of the nutritional status of the crops at the beginning of spring. By this approach, it is possible to adjust N application during the cropping cycle. The aim of this research was to evaluate in a hilly area of Apulia Region the production of several mixtures of annual grasses and legumes, cropped in temporary grassland, and to investigate their N nutritional status

Effects of compost organic amendments on chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.)

The following fertiliser treatments were compared during the years 2002 and 2003 on alfalfa forage (Medicago sativa L.): compost obtained from the organic fraction of the Municipal Solid Waste (MSW); olive pomace compost (OPC); mineral fertiliser (Min). All the treatments allowed a distribution of 75kg ha-1 of P2O5. Three cuttings occurred: at 168, 206 and 351 days after compost application (DAA) in 2002; 119, 152 and 320 DAA in 2003. Cumulative biomass and dry matter yields were measured during each experimental year. Furthermore, chemical composition and in vitro digestibility of dry matter (DMd), organic matter (OMd), crude protein (CPd) and NDF (NDFd) were determined. MSW treatment showed a significantly (P<0.01) higher content of ADL than OPC and Min (77.0, 66.0 and 65.0g kg-1 DM, respectively). Fertiliser treatments also affected (P<0.01) digestibility parameters. In fact, DMd and OMd values showed the same trend with lower percentages in MSW treatment than in the OPC and Min ones. The NDFd differed in all treatments having the highest value in OPC (40.1%). The results indicated that the soil distribution of organic materials offer the possibility to reduce the application of mineral fertilisers and production costs without decreasing alfalfa yield, forage chemical composition and in vitro digestibility

Cancer cell metabolism in hypoxia: Role of HIF-1 as key regulator and therapeutic target

In order to meet the high energy demand, a metabolic reprogramming occurs in cancer cells. Its role is crucial in promoting tumor survival. Among the substrates in demand, oxygen is fundamental for bioenergetics. Nevertheless, tumor microenvironment is frequently characterized by low-oxygen conditions. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1) is a pivotal modulator of the metabolic reprogramming which takes place in hypoxic cancer cells. In the hub of cellular bioenergetics, mitochondria are key players in regulating cellular energy. Therefore, a close crosstalk between mitochondria and HIF-1 underlies the metabolic and functional changes of cancer cells. Noteworthy, HIF-1 represents a promising target for novel cancer therapeutics. In this review, we summarize the molecular mechanisms underlying the interplay between HIF-1 and energetic metabolism, with a focus on mitochondria, of hypoxic cancer cells

Identification of a novel Sp1 splice variant as a strong transcriptional activator.

The transcription factor Sp1 regulates expression of numerous genes involved in many cellular processes. Different post-transcriptional modifications can influence the transcriptional control activity and stability of Sp1. In addition to these modifications, alternative splicing isoforms may also be the basis of its distinct functional activities. In this study, we identified a novel alternative splice isoform of Sp1 named Sp1c. This variant is generated by exclusion of a short domain, which we designate a, through alternative splice acceptor site usage in the exon 3. The existence of this new isoform was confirmed in vivo by Western blotting analysis. Although at very low levels, Sp1c is ubiquitously expressed, as seen in its fulllength Sp1. A preliminary characterization of Sp1c shows that: (a) Sp1c works as stronger activator of transcription than full-length Sp1; (b) percentage of HEK293 Sp1c-overexpressing cells is higher in G1 phase and lower in S phase than percentage of HEK293 Sp1-overexpressing cells

Study and evaluation of the impacts on the saddle in the L4-L5 and S1 lumbar area during horse riding training session through the use of the last generation inertial sensor

The aim of this study is to evaluate the extent of the impact and compression of the spine at the lumbosacral level in equestrian sports. In particular, through the use of inertial sensors (IMU) the impacts on the spine that occur during a training session on horseback will be analysed with specifications currently not present in the literature. Pathologies of the spine account for 5-15% of sports traumatology in horse riding. The study was performed using a K-Track IMU (K-Sport Universal) and the test was carried out by a volunteer, an 18-year-old rider (1.78 mt high, 66.5 kg weight) who participates in competitions, for each of the three horse gaits were performed 15 measurements on 50 meters long track. The data analysis show, that no impact event greater than 1g was detected in the walk, while in the trot as many as 363 events were overrun at an acceleration of 1g and 422 in the gallop. The data collected through IMU, highlighted the need for a partial restructuring of the training plan, which would be more adequate as it would contain a more significant number of specific mobilization and strengthening elements of the spine, for a more adequate building of the muscles involved and to better prevent localized trauma