HYPERLEPTINEMIA AND CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM

Leptin is the satiety hormone, synthesized in the adipose tissue that reduces food intake, being involved in glucose and lipid metabolism. Hyperleptinemia correlates with obesity and represents a risk factor in the pathology of the cardiovascular system. Increased concentrations of leptin have been observed in patients with hypertension or atherosclerosis. In vitro studies suggest the angiogenic role of leptin. The purpose of this review is to present the metabolic effects of hyperleptinemia in the cardiovascular system

OBESITY INDUCES DNA DAMAGE

A diet rich in saturated lipids, refined carbohydrates associated with a sedentary lifestyle leads to obesity in both adults and children. Obesity is associated with the existence of a chronic inflammatory process, that will further lead to systemic oxidative stress and DNA oxidative damage. There is currently a positive correlation between obesity and cancer due to nuclear but also mitochondrial DNA injury. Obesity is a risk factor for the development of several types of cancer such as breast, prostate or colorectal. The purpose of this review is to present the effects of obesity on human body, by describing the chronic inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and the molecular mechanisms involved in cancer progression

VITAMIN D DEFICIENCY AND INSULIN RESISTANCE

Vitamin D or cholecalciferol is active in the human body after two hydroxylation reactions. Once activated, it is involved in bone metabolism, but can also influence other biological processes such as cell growth and proliferation or angiogenesis. Studies conducted so far suggest a link between vitamin D deficiency and insulin resistance. The purpose of this review is to analyze the effects of hypovitaminosis D as well as the administration of vitamin D rich supplements on the insulin resistance provided by the specialized literature

THE ROLE OF VITAMIN D IN THE SKIN

Vitamin D is increasingly being studied globally, especially since its deficiency is very common. The role of vitamin D and its importance have been demonstrated in many studies, vitamin D being involved in bone formation, brain, cardiac, muscular, immune system and skin. Deficiency of vitamin D has attracted attention in many diseases, such as cancers, autoimmune diseases, cardiovascular and neurological disorders, infections. From a dermatological point of view, vitamin D deficiency is associated with multiple disorders, becoming a concern in dermatological practice

THE PROBLEM OF DIAGNOSING VITAMIN B12 DEFICIENCY

Vitamin B12 deficiency (cobalamin) is a common cause of megaloblastic anemia, with various neuropsychiatric symptoms. The prevalence is not known with certainty, but the incidence seems to increase with age. The diagnosis is usually based on the identification of a low serum level of vitamin B12 with clinical evidence of deficiency and with a good response to vitamin B12 replacement therapy. When confirming the diagnosis, consideration should be given to the etiology that may be due to nutritional deficiency, malabsorption and other gastrointestinal causes

RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS AND OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ASSISTED TECHNOLOGY

Assisted technology is used to improve or maintain the functional capacity of persons with disabilities. Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the conditions that affect the functional capacity of the individual, significantly impairing the quality of life. Currently, several assisted technologies are available, from the less complex ones, to the technologically complex ones that can be applied to patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The results of assisted technology in patients with rheumatoid arthritis represent a complex issue that requires a detailed approach

New Imaging Features of Multinodular and Vacuolating Neuronal Tumor Revealed by Alcohol and Illicit Drugs Consumption

It has been almost a decade since the multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor (MVNT) was first described. In 2021, WHO classified it as a defined entity, and it is considered one of the glioneuronal and neuronal tumors. Due to its similarities with dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumors (DNET), some authors consider it a variant of these, ranking in the category of malformations, but genetic alterations favor a neoplastic origin. We present a 29-year-old male with a generalized onset tonic-clonic seizure after a nightclub party. Imaging studies revealed a right temporal multinodular and vacuolating neuronal tumor confirmed by biopsy. It is considered a nonaggressive, “leave me alone” brain lesion, which does not require biopsy because of well-defined MRI characteristics. Surgery is indicated only in symptomatic cases. We consider that this lesion was revealed by his seizure, most probably provoked (with normal video EEG recording) by the consumption of a lot of alcohol, illicit drugs, and sleep loss after a club party. We recommended close monitoring, but our patient preferred the surgery. Our case added more imaging details corroborated with the histopathology features of MVNT. FLAIR images revealed hypointense nodules surrounded by hyperintense peripheral rings and areas of high signal intensity between the nodules, which correspond to the histopathological architecture. To our knowledge, this is the first case of MVNT with diffusion tensor imaging and fiber tractography imaging studies