Thermophysical properties of liquid carbon dioxide under shock compressions: Quantum molecular dynamic simulations

Quantum molecular dynamic simulations are introduced to study the dynamical, electrical, and optical properties of carbon dioxide under dynamic compressions. The principal Hugoniot derived from the calculated equation of states is demonstrated to be well accordant with experimental results. Molecular dissociation and recombination are investigated through pair correlation functions, and decomposition of carbon dioxide is found to be between 40 and 50 GPa along the Hugoniot, where nonmetal-metal transition is observed. In addition, the optical properties of shock compressed carbon dioxide are also theoretically predicted along the Hugoniot

The equation of state and nonmetal-metal transition of benzene under shock compression

We employ quantum molecular dynamic simulations to investigate the behavior of benzene under shock conditions. The principal Hugoniot derived from the equation of state is determined. We compare our firs-principles results with available experimental data and provide predictions of chemical reactions for shocked benzene. The decomposition of benzene is found under the pressure of 11 GPa. The nonmetal-metal transition, which is associated with the rapid C-H bond breaking and the formation of atomic and molecular hydrogen, occurs under the pressure around 50 GPa. Additionally, optical properties are also studied.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure

Power of Observational Hubble Parameter Data: a Figure of Merit Exploration

We use simulated Hubble parameter data in the redshift range 0 \leq z \leq 2 to explore the role and power of observational H(z) data in constraining cosmological parameters of the {\Lambda}CDM model. The error model of the simulated data is empirically constructed from available measurements and scales linearly as z increases. By comparing the median figures of merit calculated from simulated datasets with that of current type Ia supernova data, we find that as many as 64 further independent measurements of H(z) are needed to match the parameter constraining power of SNIa. If the error of H(z) could be lowered to 3%, the same number of future measurements would be needed, but then the redshift coverage would only be required to reach z = 1. We also show that accurate measurements of the Hubble constant H_0 can be used as priors to increase the H(z) data's figure of merit.Comment: 8 pages, 1 table, 8 figures. v2: version accepted by Ap

Writing their way to the university: An investigation of Chinese high school students\u27 preparation for writing in English in high schools, cram schools, and online

In this dissertation, drawing from activity theory, I investigate how Chinese students prepared themselves for undergraduate studies in U.S. universities in terms of English writing from three perspectives: English writing instruction in high schools, private supplementary tutoring (PST) in English writing in cram schools, and experience with writing online and using online resources. On the basis of data from a questionnaire, interviews, classroom observations, and examinations of written materials and a forum, I provide a picture of the writing instruction experience and writing background that Chinese students bring to writing classrooms in U.S. universities. It was found that other than writing instruction in high schools that was assumed to be the main source of support for students, PST in English writing students received in cram schools was dominant in the process of preparing themselves for English writing. Online resources were also important for students although students used them mainly for test preparation rather than for improving their English writing ability. What Chinese students have achieved and are not prepared to do in English writing are also discussed in terms of aspects of writing, perceptions of a good piece of writing, amount of writing, genres of writing, feedback, and writing pedagogy. I hope this dissertation will shed light on second language writing teaching in the U.S. as well as in China and second language writing researc

Forgiveness among college students with past bullying victimization experiences

Current literature has highlighted the positive associations between forgiveness and mental health, and the negative associations between childhood bullying victimization experiences and individuals’ psychological functioning. However, little is known about the how students with childhood bullying victimization experiences understand forgiveness, or the relationship between forgiveness and students’ college experience and mental health. In this study, 15 senior year college students from a Northeastern university who reported bullying victimization experiences prior to college participated in semi-structured interviews and described their past bullying victimization, their college experience as well as their perspectives on forgiveness. Analysis of the interviews identified (a) the negative impact of bullying victimization; (b) forgiveness as a coping strategy; (c) forgiveness as a situational construct, as well as key facilitators of forgiveness among college students reporting past bullying victimization experiences. A model of forgiveness among college students with past bullying victimization experiences is proposed, and implications of these findings for theory, research, and practice are discussed

如何改进转化医学在病理生理学课堂教学中的应用

Translational medicine is a branch of medical research,and  a kind of new research mode of connecting basic medical research and clinical treatment . Pathophysiology is one of the basic medical theory, and it also serves as the bridge between the basic medical courses to clinical course. It carries the principle of translational medicine. Recent years, we attach great importance to the applications of translational medicine in the teaching, strengthening the communication between clinical and basic medicine, and attracting students' learning motivation and great enthusiasm. We hope to communicate with colleagues in many aspects,so as to promote the effect of classroom teaching.转化医学（Translational Medicine）属于医学界研究的一个分支，这是一种新的研究模式，它的作用是将基础医学研究和临床诊疗连接起来。同时，病理生理学属于基础医学中的一门学科，它也承担着作为基础医学学科与临床诊疗之间的桥梁，所以它与转化医学的理念异曲同工。近年来，我们在教学中重视转化医学理念的应用，加强临床与基础之间的交流，引起学生极大的学习动机及热情，并且希望能与同行们多多进行交流，从而更好地提高病理生理学课堂教学质量