58 research outputs found

    The middle class in Argentina: Dynamics, characteristics and implications for public policies

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    L'Argentine est généralement considérée comme le pays typique de la classe moyenne en Amérique latine. Pourtant, si les crises successives qui ont frappé l'économie argentine au cours des quatre dernières décennies ont manifestement affecté à la fois la taille et la stabilité de sa classe moyenne, les études universitaires manquent quant aux conséquences de ces crises sur la stratification socio-économique et sur les préférences et les attentes de la classe moyenne. Le présent article comble cette lacune en se concentrant sur la période la plus récente. Pour ce faire, nous adoptons un plan de recherche original basé sur une combinaison d'enquêtes quantitatives, fondées sur des enquêtes auprès des ménages existantes et des matériaux qualitatifs originaux, qui vise à : (1) identifier la classe moyenne argentine et sa structure, ainsi que de décrire sa dynamique ; (2) examiner le comportement et les perceptions subjectives du groupe, ainsi que ses attentes en termes de politiques publiques ; et (3) évaluer dans quelle mesure la conception des politiques publiques et des stratégies du marché privé est influencée par la composition et la dynamique de la classe moyenne argentine. Premièrement, notre analyse montre que la tendance à la mobilité ascendante qui a été dominante jusqu'en 2007 et a conduit à l'expansion d'une nouvelle classe moyenne (inférieure) argentine s'est progressivement ralentie et même inversée après 2014. Deuxièmement, la mise en oeuvre d'une analyse en cluster nous a conduit à identifier cinq groupes distincts au sein de la classe moyenne argentine, confirmant ainsi son hétérogénéité. Troisièmement, l'enquête qualitative menée auprès de 40 individus issus de ménages de la classe moyenne à Buenos Aires et Tucuman fournit des comptes rendus détaillés des perceptions et attentes subjectives des différents segments de la classe moyenne argentine. Quatrièmement, notre analyse confirme que la classe moyenne argentine est hétérogène en termes d'orientations politiques. Enfin, une enquête institutionnelle qualitative menée auprès de 12 représentants d'institutions publiques et privées met en évidence la mise en oeuvre récente de programmes publics ou privés spécifiquement dédiés aux ménages de la classe moyenne

    Low incidence of SARS-CoV-2, risk factors of mortality and the course of illness in the French national cohort of dialysis patients

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    Le développement de l'humain comme préalable au développement économique : l'apport de l'analyse en composantes principales

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    Bordeaux, DT/84/04 Centre d'Economie du Développement, Université Montesquieu-Bordeaux I

    Urban Labor Market Revisited: Why Quality of Employment Matters in Bogota

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    The 2 + 4 varieties of capitalist systems

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    In this chapter, the authors (Eric Rougier and François Combarnous) identify and specify the six models of capitalism determined by clustering the country-specific sets of the seven types of sectoral governance detailed in the preceding chapters. The Liberal Market and Coordinated Market models are highly typical of OECD economies. In what specifically concerns developing and emerging economies, four distinctive models, the Globalization-Friendly, Resource-Dependent Statist, Informal (Weak State) and Hybrid-Idiosyncratic, have been found. One key result of the chapter is that institutional experimentation shows a strong pattern of differentiation between developing countries’ capitalisms, since transitional institutional models, that is, those that are no longer informal but not yet totally formal and OECD-style, are either non experimental (Statist Resource-Dependent or Globalization-Friendly) or experimental (Hybrid-Idiosyncratic)

    Can we identify emerging models of capitalism?

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    International audienc

    The diversity of emerging capitalisms in developing countries: Globalization, institutional convergence and experimentation

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    This book presents the results of a collective and original empirical investigation of the institutional systems underlying the capitalisms that are coming to the fore in developing nations. While varieties of industrialized countries' capitalisms are extensively scrutinized, those of developing countries' capitalisms are far less documented. By implementing a unified and original comparative approach based on the institutional complementarity theory, the different contributors of the book find evidence for the originality and heterogeneity of the forms of capitalism to be observed in developing countries. This text analyses capitalist systems as clusters of sectoral institutions and regulations, identifying differences between these clusters in a large sample of emerging and developing countries. Rougier and Combarnous bring together contributions answering the following questions: What are these clusters of institutions underlying emerging capitalisms. Are there common or specific patterns of institutional clustering across countries and what are the main characteristics of the varieties of capitalism they shape. What are their main long-term determinants. Are there specific patterns of economic outcome associated with these clusters. Can different forms of institutional complementarity be observed. How can we analyse institutional reform from this perspective

    Emerging capitalisms and institutional reforms in developing countries

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    In the final chapter, the editors (Eric Rougier and François Combarnous) provide their answers to the main questions raised in the book’s introduction. They then proceed to highlight two key aspects of the cross-country institutional discrepancies: the type of state intervention in socioeconomic governance and the role played by experimentation in shaping this type of socioeconomic governance. The policy implications of the book’s main results are then addressed, with special focus being put on institutional reforms in poor countries. Several policy-related proposals are then discussed, especially as regards institutional change and reforms in poor and middle-income countries: Should institutional reforms be coordinated or not? Are there successful “super-reformers” to be imitated by other countries? Is there still scope for individual experimentation? Finally, new horizons for research are suggested
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