Cavity Induced Interfacing of Atoms and Light

This chapter introduces cavity-based light-matter quantum interfaces, with a single atom or ion in strong coupling to a high-finesse optical cavity. We discuss the deterministic generation of indistinguishable single photons from these systems; the atom-photon entanglement intractably linked to this process; and the information encoding using spatio-temporal modes within these photons. Furthermore, we show how to establish a time-reversal of the aforementioned emission process to use a coupled atom-cavity system as a quantum memory. Along the line, we also discuss the performance and characterisation of cavity photons in elementary linear-optics arrangements with single beam splitters for quantum-homodyne measurements.Comment: to appear as a book chapter in a compilation "Engineering the Atom-Photon Interaction" published by Springer in 2015, edited by A. Predojevic and M. W. Mitchel

Alopecia totalis and universalis long‐term outcomes: a review

Alopecia totalis (AT) and universalis (AU) represent the most severe subtypes of alopecia areata with more dramatic features and worse prognosis. The goal of this review is to identify all studies with long‐term prognostic data on patients with AT and AU and provide a long‐term outcome estimate. The PubMed database was queried to identify all articles discussing the long‐term prognosis of AT and AU. A total of nine articles discussing long‐term recovery rates of AT and AU were identified. The articles described 689 (162 = AT, 245 = AU, 282 = not specified) total patients. Six of the nine studies identified complete recovery as a potential end point in a total of 375 (39 = AT, 75 = AU, 261 = not specified) patients. According to these studies 8.5% (32/375) of AT and AU patients achieved complete recovery. A larger proportion of patients will obtain at least transient recovery periods of partial or total hair regrowth. The poor long‐term outcomes of AT and AU may cause patients to lose hope with treatment. Response to treatment is often unpredictable, and physicians should be aware of the prognosis and its effects in order to properly counsel patients

Earlier occurrence of severe alopecia areata in HLA-DRB1*11-positive patients

SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe