33 research outputs found

    Discours et dispositifs « lointains ». Entre altérité et interculturalité

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    L’essor inĂ©vitable des problĂ©matiques « lointaines » va devenir une nĂ©cessitĂ© de rĂ©flexion mĂ©thodologique majeure pour les sciences de l’information et de la communication (SIC). L’exemple d’une dĂ©marche d’analyse de l’expansion de la communication en Chine illustre les conditions prĂ©alables Ă  une telle rĂ©ussite : indispensable dĂ©limitation d’un corpus commun aux SIC, construit Ă  partir de significations nouvelles et enrichissant les deux parties de l’inĂ©luctable Ă©cart culturel ; mise en coĂŻncidence des consciences en se dotant d’une conscience intermĂ©diaire ; prise en compte d’une dĂ©marche d’interculturalitĂ©, instaurant une relation impliquĂ©e avec l’autre (discours, dispositifs ou individus
). Dans un tel contexte, la mise en place d’un dialogue interculturel sur une base d’altĂ©ritĂ© empathique est propice Ă  une indispensable ouverture scientifique.The unavoidable growing of “faraway” issues is going to become a necessity of methodological thought for the information and communication sciences (ICS). The analysis of the expansion of communication in China, a “faraway” country, shows very well the conditions for success: an indispensable delimitation of corpus, common to the ICS and built with new significations and enriching the two parts by the ineluctable cultural difference; a coinciding consciousness by bestowing a middle consciousness; the establishing of an intercultural approach establishing a relation with the other (discourses, media or individual
). In such context, the building a cultural dialogue with empathic otherness is propitious for a scientific open-mindedness

    La voie chinoise de la real TV : pragmatisme et expérimentations

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    Attributable deaths and disability-adjusted life-years caused by infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and the European Economic Area in 2015: a population-level modelling analysis

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    Background: Infections due to antibiotic-resistant bacteria are threatening modern health care. However, estimating their incidence, complications, and attributable mortality is challenging. We aimed to estimate the burden of infections caused by antibiotic-resistant bacteria of public health concern in countries of the EU and European Economic Area (EEA) in 2015, measured in number of cases, attributable deaths, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs). Methods: We estimated the incidence of infections with 16 antibiotic resistance–bacterium combinations from European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS-Net) 2015 data that was country-corrected for population coverage. We multiplied the number of bloodstream infections (BSIs) by a conversion factor derived from the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control point prevalence survey of health-care-associated infections in European acute care hospitals in 2011–12 to estimate the number of non-BSIs. We developed disease outcome models for five types of infection on the basis of systematic reviews of the literature. Findings: From EARS-Net data collected between Jan 1, 2015, and Dec 31, 2015, we estimated 671 689 (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 583 148–763 966) infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria, of which 63·5% (426 277 of 671 689) were associated with health care. These infections accounted for an estimated 33 110 (28 480–38 430) attributable deaths and 874 541 (768 837–989 068) DALYs. The burden for the EU and EEA was highest in infants (aged <1 year) and people aged 65 years or older, had increased since 2007, and was highest in Italy and Greece. Interpretation: Our results present the health burden of five types of infection with antibiotic-resistant bacteria expressed, for the first time, in DALYs. The estimated burden of infections with antibiotic-resistant bacteria in the EU and EEA is substantial compared with that of other infectious diseases, and has increased since 2007. Our burden estimates provide useful information for public health decision-makers prioritising interventions for infectious diseases

    Publicité télévisuelle et nouvelles valeurs en Chine

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    TELEVISION COMMERCIALS AND NEW VALUES IN CHINA. The Chinese market's socialist economy has been booming for twenty years. The press has been spreading the word and is itself largely for leading credibility to this ideology recommended by the Chinese reforms. The basic principle behind this model has persuaded the Chinese consumers to conform.PUBLICITÉ TÉLÉVISUELLE ET NOUVELLES VALEURS EN CHINE. L'Ă©conomie socialiste de marchĂ© chinoise fonctionne avec Ă©clat depuis deux dĂ©cennies. Les discours publicitaires en ont Ă©tĂ© les porte-parole et ont largement validĂ© les discours idĂ©ologiques prĂŽnĂ©s par les rĂ©formes. Le principe d'exemplaritĂ© a participĂ© Ă  cette mise en conformitĂ© des comportements des consommateurs chinois.TELEANUNCIO Y NUEVOS VALORES EN CHINA . Hace veinte aƈos que la economĂ­a socialista de mercado china funciona brillantemente. Los dicursos publicitarios fueron sus portavoces validando los discursos ideolĂłgicos propuestos por las reformas. El principio de ejemplaridad participa a la puesta en conformidad del comportamiento de los consumidores chinos.Colomb Dominique. PublicitĂ© tĂ©lĂ©visuelle et nouvelles valeurs en Chine. In: Mots, n°66, juillet 2001. Discours d'Asie : identitĂ©s et ruptures, sous la direction de Patrick Beillevaire et Jean-Paul HonorĂ©. pp. 90-107

    Prise en charge du choc hémorragique dans les traumatismes graves du bassin au CHU de Clermont-Ferrand

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    Cette Ă©tude rĂ©trospective compare 14 patients traumatisĂ©s du bassin avec instabilitĂ© hĂ©modynamique ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d'une artĂ©riographie (groupe A) Ă  17 patients Ă©galement taumatisĂ©s du bassin avec instabilitĂ© hĂ©modynamique mais qui eux n'ont pas eu d'artĂ©riographie (groupe NA). Tous les patients ayant bĂ©nĂ©ficiĂ© d'une artĂ©riographie ont eu un geste endovasculaire d'hĂ©mostase. Les patients du groupe A ont reçu plus de concentrĂ©s globulaires avant l'admission en rĂ©animation que les patients du groupe NA (7,7 versus 4). Les traumatismes crĂąniens et les contusions pulmonaires sont plus importantes dans le groupe NA. Le niveau Ă©levĂ© de transfusion globulaire semble ĂȘtre un indice fiable, mĂȘme en cas de lĂ©sions associĂ©es, pour dĂ©cider de transfĂ©rer un patient sans dĂ©lai vers un centre disposant d'une structure pouvant rĂ©aliser un geste endovasculaire. Il reste Ă  dĂ©finir la place d'une artĂ©riographie de contrĂŽle pour Ă©liminer la rĂ©cidive hĂ©morragique lorsqu'on poursuit les transfusions dans les heures qui suivent l'embolisation ainsi que la place de la chirurgie prĂ©coce.CLERMONT FD-BCIU-SantĂ© (631132104) / SudocPARIS-BIUM (751062103) / SudocSudocFranceF

    Quinze ans d'aménagement rural dans un département de faible densité : bilan pour la Haute-SaÎne

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    [eng] In the Haute-SaÎne department, more than half the area has been included in rural planning packages (plans d'aménagement rural). The clearest effects are concrete achievements of a traditional nature improving facilities and services (infrastructure, information, social activities) in more backwards zones. New forms of change can also be tested by public bodies which give local people new adjustment possibilities. Some results are less visible : new intra-society social and economic linkages ; new ways of thinking and working together ; reactivation of institutions and people. [fre] En Haute-SaÎne, plus de la moitié de la surface a été couverte de PAR ; les résultats les plus apparents sont les réalisations concrÚtes: des actions traditionnelles assurent le rattrapage des zones rurales en services, équipement, information, animation ; des actions expérimentales permettent aux pouvoirs publics de tester les changements qu'ils souhaitent impulser dans leur mode d'intervention et assurent aux locaux de nouvelles possibilités pour s'adapter aux transformations de la société. La politique d'aménagement a d'autres résultats moins visibles : nouvelles relations dans le tissu socio-économique local, apport de la méthode de réflexion et de travail en groupe pour la petite région. C'est une source de revitalisation des structures et des institutions locales et une source de dynamisation de ses différents responsables.

    On the Rapid Weakening of Very Intense Tropical Cyclone Hellen (2014)

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    International audienceIn late March 2014, very intense Tropical Cyclone Hellen threatened the Comoros Archipelago and the Madagascan northwest coastline as it became one of the strongest tropical cyclones (TCs) ever observed over the Mozambique Channel. Its steep intensity changes were not well anticipated by operational forecasting models or by La Reunion regional specialized meteorological center forecasters. In particular, the record-setting rapid weakening over the open ocean was not supported by usual large-scale predictors. AROME, a new nonhydrostatic finescale model, is able to closely reproduce these wide intensity changes. When benchmarked against available observations, the model is also consistent in terms of inner-core structure, environmental features, track, and intensity. In the simulation, a northwesterly 400-hPa environmental wind is associated with unsaturated air, while the classic 200-850-hPa wind shear remains weak, and does not suggest a specifically unfavorable environment. The 400-hPa constraint affects the simulated storm through two pathways. Air with low equivalent potential temperature (u e) is flushed downward into the inflow layer in the upshear semicircle, triggering the decay of the storm. Then, direct erosion of the upper half of the warm core efficiently increases the surface pressure and also plays an instrumental role in the rapid weakening. When the storm gets closer to the Madagascan coastline, low-u e air can be directly advected within the inflow layer. Results illustrate on a real TC case the recently proposed paradigm for TC intensity modification under vertical wind shear and highlight the need for innovative tools to assess the impact of wind shear at all vertical levels
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