Atroposelective Synthesis of Isoriccardin C through a C−H Activated Heck Type Macrocyclization

Macrocyclization is typically the key step in syntheses of cyclophane‐type natural products. Considering compounds with axially chiral biaryl moieties, the control of atroposelectivity is essential for biological activity and is synthetically challenging. Herein we report on atroposelective macrocyclization involving an oxidative Heck type process and enabling the first atropo‐enantiopure synthesis of isoriccardin C. A chiral sulfinyl auxiliary in the ortho‐position of a biaryl axis (still flexible) was used to induce a C−H activated atropodiastereoselective oxidative Heck coupling (>98 % de). The traceless character of the sulfinyl auxiliary enables the introduction of a hydroxy group to give the target molecule with >98 % ee as well

[7,0]-metacyclophanes from biaryl coupling/macrocyclisation

The biaryl structural motif is a predominant feature in many pharmaceutically relevant and biologically active compounds. As a result, for over a century organic chemists have sought to develop new and more efficient aryl-aryl bond-forming methods (1). Cyclophanic natural products comprise an intriguing class of structurally diverse compounds. As inherent for all cyclic compounds regardless of their origin, macrocyclization is naturally the most decisive step, which defines the overall efficiency of the synthetic pathway. Especially in small cyclophanic molecules, this key step constitutes an even greater challenge. Due to the strain imparted by the macrocyclic system, free rotation of the benzene ring(s) is often restricted depending on both the constitution of the tether and the aromatic portions (2). Among cyclophanic natural products, the diarylheptanoids are a structurally sub-class with their scaffold consisting of two benzene rings tethered by an oxygenated aliphatic heptyl chain. In this work we reported different metal catalysed approaches to obtain the biaryl motif of myricanol, a natural [7,0]-metacyclophane with very important and recently discovered biological activities (3),(4),(5),(6). (Figure 1) Figure 1 The desired product 1could be obtained from the functionalized linear diarylheptanoid 2 by Suzuki domino process (macrocyclisation by linkage of aryl moieties) or could be synthesized from ring closing metathesis of product 3 which derived from a biaryl coupling of fragments 4 and 5. (1) Alberico, D.; Scott, M. E.; Lautens, M. Chem. Rev. 2007, 107 (1), 174–238. (2) Gulder, T.; Baran, P. S. Nat. Prod. Rep. 2012, 29 (8), 899-934. (3) Jones, J. R.; Lebar, M. D.; Jinwal, U. K.; Abisambra, J. F.; Koren, J.; Blair, L.; O’Leary, J. C.; Davey, Z.; Trotter, J.; Johnson, A. G.; Weeber, E.; Eckman, C. B.; Baker, B. J.; Dickey, C. A. J. Nat. Prod. 2011, 74 (1), 38–44. (4) Martin, M. D.; Calcul, L.; Smith, C.; Jinwal, U. K.; Fontaine, S. N.; Darling, A.; Seeley, K.; Wojtas, L.; Narayan, M.; Gestwicki, J. E.; Smith, G. R.; Reitz, A. B.; Baker, B. J.; Dickey, C. A. ACS Chem. Biol. 2015, 10 (4), 1099–1109. (5) Dai, G. H.; Meng, G. M.; Tong, Y. L.; Chen, X.; Ren, Z. M.; Wang, K.; Yang, F. Phytomedicine 2014, 21 (11), 1490–1496. (6) Dai, G.; Tong, Y.; Chen, X.; Ren, Z.; Ying, X.; Yang, F.; Chai, K. Int. J. Mol. Sci. 2015, 16 (2), 2717–2731

Joint ITC and DFT Study of the Affinity of Some Lewis Bases to HIFP in Solution

HFIP, i.e. 1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropan-2-ol, was found to be an exceptional medium,[1] either as solvent or co-solvent, that allows many reactions to occur.[2-5] However, the exact role and mode of action of HFIP in various chemical transformations still remains elusive. Despite many reports dealing with water/HFIP complexes, little has been published on other molecular complexes of HFIP as well as on thermochemistry of the formation of such complexes.[6] Within this study the affinity of a series of eight different Lewis bases (3 sulfoxides, 3 Nsp2 pyridine derivatives, 1 aromatic amine, 1 cyclic aliphatic ether) to HFIP (as Lewis acid) is investigated experimentally by Isothermal Titration Calorimetry (ITC) and theoretically using static DFT-D calculations. Measured ITC association enthalpy values ΔHaITC spanned -9.3 kcal/mol - -14 kcal/mol. Computations including a PCM implicit solvation model produced similar exothermicity of association of all studied systems - ΔHa values ranging -8.5 – -12.7 kcal/mol. In general, most of interaction energy is due to the hydrogen bonding and not due to formation of significantly strong halogen bonds. An additional set of calculations combining implicit and explicit solvation by chlorobenzene of the reactants, pointed out the relatively low interference of the solvent with the HFIPbase complexation, which main effect is to slightly enhance the Gibbs energy of the HFIP-Lewis base association. It is speculated that the interactions of bulk HFIP with Lewis bases therefore may significantly intervene in catalytic processes not only via the dynamic miscrostructuration of the medium but also more explicitly by affecting bonds’ polarization at the Lewis bases

Supplementary data for the article: Milovanović, M. R.; Dherbassy, Q.; Wencel‐Delord, J.; Colobert, F.; Zarić, S. D.; Đukić, J.-P. The Affinity of Some Lewis Bases for Hexafluoroisopropanol as a Reference Lewis Acid: An ITC/DFT Study. ChemPhysChem 2020, 21 (18), 2136–2142. https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202000560.

Supplementary material for: [https://doi.org/10.1002/cphc.202000560]Related to published version: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4337]Related to accepted version: [https://cherry.chem.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/4339

Synthèse de motifs "2-méthyl-1,3-aminoalcools" par réaction de type Reformatsky asymétrique (vers la synthèse totale du (+)-triènomycinol)

Ce travail de thèse porte dans une première partie sur le développement d une réaction de type Reformatsky asymétrique appliquée à la synthèse de motifs 2-méthyl-1,3-aminoalcools syn, syn et syn, anti. Cette réaction met à l honneur la chimie des sulfoxydes chiraux dont la présence sur le substrat permet de construire trois centres asymétriques contigus. En effet, dans une première étape, une réaction de type Reformatsy entre un précurseur chiral, un g-bromo-b-cétosulfoxyde et différentes imines permet de former les deux premiers centres asymétriques. La sélectivité favorise de composé syn. Cette réaction est très sélective avec des sélectivités syn/anti allant jusqu à 100/0. Ensuite, une réduction diastéréosélective des b-cétosulfoxydes obtenus à l issue de la réaction de Reformatsky permet de former le troisième centre asymétrique avec une diastéréosélectivité totale. Ainsi, l utilisation du DIBAL-H seul permet d obtenir l aminoalcool 1,3-syn alors que l utilisation du système DIBAL-H/Yb(OTf)3 permet d accéder à l aminoalcool 1,3-anti avec dans les deux cas une diastéréosélectivité totale pour cette étape de réduction.Dans une deuxième partie, ce travail de thèse présente des avancées vers la synthèse totale du (+)-triènomycinol, une molécule naturelle à forte activité cytotoxique. Il s agit d un macrolactame à 21 chaînons comportant une partie triènique, une liaison peptidique, une stéréotriade syn, anti et un centre asymétrique isolé. La stratégie proposée consiste à construire tous les centres asymétriques en utilisant la chimie des sulfoxydes chiraux. En effet, la stéréotriade a été construite en utilisant la réaction dévloppée dans la première partie, à savoir une réaction de type Reformatsky asymétrique couplée à une réduction diastéréosélective à l aide du système DIBAL-H/Yb(OTf)3. Le centre stéréogène isolé a lui aussi été construit grâce à la chimie des sulfoxydes chiraux, par réduction diastéréosélective d un b-cétosulfoxyde à l aide de DIBAL-H. Cette molécule a été découpée en deux fragments, un fragments ouest et un fragment est qui ont été couplés. De nombreuses étapes ont au préalable été mises au point sur un composé modèle. Par manque de temps et de matière, la synthèse totale du (+)-triènomycinol n a pu être achevée.In a first part, the aim of this PhD thesis was to develop an asymmetric Reformatsky type reaction for the synthesis of 2-methyl-1,3aminoalcohol moieties. This reaction is based on the chemistry of chiral sulfoxides. Indeed, in a first step, an asymmetric Reformatsky type reaction between a g-bromo-b-ketosulfoxide and different imines allows us to build two contiguous stereogenic centers. This reaction is very selective with a syn/anti selectivity reaching up to 100/0. In a second step, the b-ketosulfoxides obtained after the Reformatsky-type reaction were diastereoselectively reduced using either DIBAL-H or the system DIBAL-H/Yb(OTf)3 to afford the third stereogenic center with a total diastereoselectivity. To sum up, the use of DIBAL-H allowed us to obtain the aminoalcohol 1,3-syn, whereas the use of the system DIBAL-H/Yb(OTf)3 allowed us to synthesize the aminoalcohol 1,3-anti with a perfect diastereoselectivity in both cases.In a second part, this PhD thesis focused on the total synthesis of natural cytotoxic molecule, (+)-trienomycinol. This molecule is a macrolactam containing a syn, anti stereotriad, an isolated stereogenic center and a trienic unit. The proposed strategy was based on the use of chiral sulfoxides. The stereostriad was built using the strategy developed in the first part, the asymmetric Reformatsky reaction followed by a diastereoselective reduction with the system DIBAL-H/Yb(OTf)3. The isolated stereocenter was obtained by diastereoselective reduction of a b-ketosulfoxide with DIBAL-H. This molecule was divided into two parts: the west part and the east part which were coupled together. Many steps were first optimized on a model compound. Due to a lack of time and quantity, the total synthesis of (+)-trienomycinol could not be achieved.STRASBOURG-Bib.electronique 063 (674829902) / SudocSudocFranceF

Towards Atropoenantiopure N–C Axially Chiral Compounds via Stereoselective C–N Bond Formation

N–C axial chirality, although disregarded for decades, is an interesting type of chirality with appealing applications in medicinal chemistry and agrochemistry. However, atroposelective synthesis of optically pure compounds is extremely challenging and only a limited number of synthetic routes have been designed. In particular, asymmetric N-arylation reactions allowing atroposelective N–C bond forming events remain scarce, although great advances have been achieved recently. In this minireview we summarize the synthetic approaches towards synthesis of N–C axially chiral compounds via stereocontrolled N–C bond forming events. Both organo-catalyzed and metal-catalyzed transformations are described, thus illustrating the diversity and specificity of both strategies