26,789 research outputs found
Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Hypothetical considerations, 1931-1937
Charles M. Breder Jr. “hypothesis” diary is a deviation from the field diaries that form part of the Breder collection housed at the Arthur Vining Davis Library, Mote
Marine Laboratory. There are no notes or observations from specific scientific expeditions in the document. Instead, the contents provide an insight into the early meticulous scientific thoughts of this biologist, and how he examines and develops these ideas. It is apparent that among Dr. Breder’s passions was his continual search for knowledge about questions that still besieged many scientists. Topics discussed include symmetry, origin of the atmosphere, origin of life, mechanical analogies of organisms, aquaria as an organism, astrobiology, entropy, evolution of species, and other topics. The diary was transcribed as part of the Coastal Estuarine Data/Document Rescue and
Archeology effort for South Florida. (PDF contains 33 pages
Renormalization of 2PI resummation: a renormalization scheme approach
A practical method is suggested for performing renormalized 2PI resummation
at finite temperature using specific momentum dependent renormalization
schemes. In this method there is no need to solve Bethe-Salpeter equations for
2PI resummation. We examine the consistency of such schemes in the paper. The
proposed method is used to perform a two-loop renormalized 2PI resummation in
the finite temperature Phi^4 model.Comment: 14 pages revtex, 8 figure
Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Bahamas and Florida
Dr. Charles M. Breder, a well known ichthyologist, kept meticulous field diaries throughout his career. This publication is a transcription of field notes recorded during the Bacon Andros Expeditions, and trips to Florida, Ohio and Illinois during the 1930s. Breder's work in Andros included exploration of a "blue hole", inland ecosystems, and collection of marine and terrestrial specimens. Anecdotes include descriptions of camping on the beach, the "filly-mingoes" (flamingos) of Andros Island, the Marine
Studios of Jacksonville, FL, a trip to Havana, and the birth of seahorses. This publication is part of a series of transcriptions of Dr. Breder's diaries. (PDF contains 55 pages
Curate and storyspace: an ontology and web-based environment for describing curatorial narratives
Existing metadata schemes and content management systems used by museums focus on describing the heritage objects that the museum holds in its collection. These are used to manage and describe individual heritage objects according to properties such as artist, date and preservation requirements. Curatorial narratives, such as physical or online exhibitions tell a story that spans across heritage objects and have a meaning that does not necessarily reside in the individual heritage objects themselves. Here we present curate, an ontology for describing curatorial narratives. This draws on structuralist accounts that distinguish the narrative from the story and plot, and also a detailed analysis of two museum exhibitions and the curatorial processes that contributed to them. Storyspace, our web based interface and API to the ontology, is being used by curatorial staff in two museums to model curatorial narratives and the processes through which they are constructed
Charles M. Breder, Jr.: Atlantis Expedition, 1934
Dr. Charles M. Breder participated on the 1934 expedition of the Atlantis from Woods Hole, Massachusetts to Panama and back and kept a field diary of daily activities. The Atlantis expedition of 1934, led by Prof. A. E. Parr, was a milestone in the history of scientific discovery in the Sargasso Sea and the West Indies. Although naturalists had visited the Sargasso Sea for many years, the Atlantis voyage was the first attempt to investigate in detailed quantitative manner biological problems about this varying, intermittent ‘false’ bottom of living, floating plants and associated fauna. In addition to Dr. Breder, the party also consisted of Dr. Alexander Forbes, Harvard University and Trustee of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI); T. S. Greenwood, WHOI hydrographer; M. D. Burkenroad, Yale University’s Bingham Laboratory, carcinology and Sargasso epizoa; M. Bishop, Peabody Museum of Natural History, Zoology Dept., collections and preparations and H. Sears, WHOI ichthyologist. The itinerary included the following waypoints: Woods Hole, the Bermudas, Turks Islands, Kingston, Colon, along the Mosquito Bank off of Nicaragua, off the north coast of Jamaica, along the south coast of Cuba, Bartlett Deep, to off the Isle of Pines, through the Yucatan Channel, off Havana, off Key West, to Miami, to New York City, and then the return to Woods Hole. During the expedition, Breder collected rare and little-known flying fish species and developed a method for hatching and growing flying fish larvae. (PDF contains 48 pages
A Consistent Calculation of Heavy Meson Decay Constants and Transition Wave Functions in the Complete HQEFT
Within the complete heavy quark effective field theory (HQEFT), the QCD sum
rule approach is used to evaluate the decay constants including 1/m_Q
corrections and the Isgur-Wise function and other additional important wave
functions concerned at 1/m_Q for the heavy-light mesons. The 1/m_Q corrections
to the scaling law f_M \sim F/\sqrt{m_M} are found to be small in HQEFT, which
demonstrates again the validity of 1/m_Q expansion in HQEFT. It is also shown
that the residual momentum v.k of heavy quark within hadrons does be around the
binding energy \bar{\Lambda} of the heavy hadrons. The calculations presented
in this paper provide a consistent check on the HQEFT and shows that the HQEFT
is more reliable than the usual HQET for describing a slightly off-mass shell
heavy quark within hadron as the usual HQET seems to lead to the breakdown of
1/m_Q expansion in evaluating the meson decay constants. It is emphasized that
the introduction of the `dressed heavy quark' mass is useful for the
heavy-light mesons (Qq) with m_Q >> \bar{\Lambda} >> m_q, while for heavy-heavy
bound states (\psi_1\psi_2) with masses m_1, m_2 >> \bar{\Lambda}, like
bottom-charm hadrons or similarly for muonium in QED, one needs to treat both
particles as heavy effective particles via 1/m_1 and 1/m_2 expansions and
redefine the effective bound states and modified `dressed heavy quark' masses
within the HQEFT.Comment: 20 pages, revtex, 22 figures, axodraw.sty, two irrelevant figures are
moved awa
Next-to-leading order QCD calculations with parton showers II: soft singularities
Programs that calculate observables in quantum chromodynamics at
next-to-leading order typically generate events that consist of partons rather
than hadrons -- and just a few partons at that. These programs would be much
more useful if the few partons were turned into parton showers, which could be
given to one of the Monte Carlo event generators to produce hadron showers. In
a previous paper, we have seen how to generate parton showers related to the
final state collinear singularities of the perturbative calculation for the
example of e+ + e- --> 3 jets. This paper discusses the treatment of the soft
singularities.Comment: 26 pages with 5 figures. This version is close to the version to be
publishe
Full QCD simulation on CP-PACS
A status report is made of an on-going full QCD study on the CP-PACS aiming
at a comparative analysis of the effects of improving gauge and quark actions
on hadronic quantities and static quark potential. Simulations are made for
four action combinations, the plaquette or an RG-improved action for gluons and
the Wilson or SW-clover action for quarks, at -1.3GeV and
-0.9. Results demonstrate clearly that the clover
term markedly reduces discretization errors for hadron spectrum, while adding
six-link terms to the plaquette action leads to much better rotational symmetry
in the potential. These results extend experience with quenched simulations to
full QCD.Comment: Talk presented by K. Kanaya at the International Workshop on
``LATTICE QCD ON PARALLEL COMPUTERS'', 10-15 March 1997, Center for
Computational Physics, University of Tsukub
Initial-state parton shower kinematics for NLO event generators
We are developing a consistent method to combine tree-level event generators
for hadron collision interactions with those including one additional QCD
radiation from the initial-state partons, based on the limited leading-log
(LLL) subtraction method, aiming at an application to NLO event generators. In
this method, a boundary between non-radiative and radiative processes
necessarily appears at the factorization scale (mu_F). The radiation effects
are simulated using a parton shower (PS) in non-radiative processes. It is
therefore crucial in our method to apply a PS which well reproduces the
radiation activities evaluated from the matrix-element (ME) calculations for
radiative processes. The PS activity depends on the applied kinematics model.
In this paper we introduce two models for our simple initial-state leading-log
PS: a model similar to the "old" PYTHIA-PS and a p_T-prefixed model motivated
by ME calculations. PS simulations employing these models are tested using
W-boson production at LHC as an example. Both simulations show a smooth
matching to the LLL-subtracted W + 1 jet simulation in the p_T distribution of
W bosons, and the summed p_T spectra are stable against a variation of mu_F,
despite that the p_T-prefixed PS results in an apparently harder p_T spectrum.Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures; minor changes in the abstract and the text
according to the comments from the refere
Test of CDF dijet anomaly within the standard model
Dijet anomaly reported by the CDF (Collider Detector at Fermilab)
collaboration in 1.96 TeV p-pbar collisions is investigated within the standard
model by considering effects of parton distribution functions on various
processes: W+dijet, Z+dijet, WW, ZW, and top production. Since the anomalous
peak exists in the dijet-mass region of 140 GeV with the p-pbar center-of-mass
energy sqrt{s}=1.96 TeV, a relevant momentum fraction x of partons is roughly
0.1. In this x region, recent HERMES semi-inclusive charged-lepton scattering
experiment indicated that the strange-quark distribution could be very
different from a conventional one, which has been used for many years, based on
opposite-sign dimuon measurements in neutrino-induced deep inelastic
scattering. We investigated effects of such variations in the strange-quark
distribution s(x) on the anomaly. We found that distributions of W+dijets and
other process are affected by the strange-quark modifications in wide
dijet-mass regions including the 140 GeV one. Since the CDF anomaly was
observed in the shoulder region of the dijet-mass distribution, a slight
modification of the distribution shape could explain at least partially the CDF
excess. Therefore, it is important to consider such effects within the standard
model for judging whether the CDF anomaly indicates new physics beyond the
standard model. We also show modification effects of the strange-quark
distribution in the LHC (Large Hadron Collider) kinematics, where cross
sections are sensitive to a smaller-x region of s(x).Comment: 11 pages, LaTeX, submitted for publicatio
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