774 research outputs found
Treatment regimens and outcomes in severe and moderate haemophilia A in the UK: The THUNDER study
Introduction: The THUNDER study provides an analysis of treatment patterns and outcomes in UK patients with severe or moderate haemophilia A (SHA/MHA) in 2015.
Methods: Patients with SHA or MHA registered with the UK National Haemophilia Database (NHD) were segregated by severity, inhibitor status and age. Haemophilia joint health score (HJHS) was derived from NHD records and treatment regimen and annualized bleed/jointâbleed rate (ABR/AJBR) from Haemtrack (HT) in HTâcompliant patients.
Results: We report 1810 patients with SHA and 864 with MHA. Prophylaxis was used in 94.9% (n = 130/137) of HTâcompliant children <12 years with SHA, falling to 74.1% (n = 123/166) aged â„40 years. Median ABR increased with age (1.0, IQR 0.0â5.0, <12 years; 3.0 IQR, 1.0â8.0, â„40 years). Inhibitors were present in 159 (8.8%) SHA and 34 (3.9%) MHA. Median ABR increased from 2.0 (<12 years) to 21.(â„40 years) in SHA inhibitor patients using prophylaxis. Prophylaxis was used by 68.8% of HTâcompliant MHA patients (n = 106) (median FVIII baseline 0.01 IU/mL) associated with a median (IQR) ABR of 3.0 (1.0â7.0). Median HJHS (n = 453) increased with age in SHA and MHA. Median (IQR) HJHS was higher in SHA inhibitor (17.0, 0.0â64.5) than nonâ or past inhibitor patients (7.0, 0.0â23.0).
Conclusions: Increasing ABR with age persists despite current prophylaxis regimens.SHA and MHA had similar ABR/AJBR and HJHS, leading to a suspicion that a subgroup of MHA may be relatively undertreated. More intensive prophylaxis may improve outcomes, but this requires further study
Higgs-Boson Production Induced by Bottom Quarks
Bottom quark-induced processes are responsible for a large fraction of the
LHC discovery potential, in particular for supersymmetric Higgs bosons.
Recently, the discrepancy between exclusive and inclusive Higgs boson
production rates has been linked to the choice of an appropriate bottom
factorization scale. We investigate the process kinematics at hadron colliders
and show that it leads to a considerable decrease in the bottom factorization
scale. This effect is the missing piece needed to understand the corresponding
higher order results. Our results hold generally for charged and for neutral
Higgs boson production at the LHC as well as at the Tevatron. The situation is
different for single top quark production, where we find no sizeable
suppression of the factorization scale. Turning the argument around, we can
specify how large the collinear logarithms are, which can be resummed using the
bottom parton picture.Comment: 18 page
Charged Higgs Boson Production in Bottom-Gluon Fusion
We compute the complete next-to-leading order SUSY-QCD corrections for the
associated production of a charged Higgs boson with a top quark via
bottom-gluon fusion. We investigate the applicability of the bottom parton
description in detail. The higher order corrections can be split into real and
virtual corrections for a general two Higgs doublet model and into additional
massive supersymmetric loop contributions. We find that the perturbative
behavior is well under control. The supersymmetric contributions consist of the
universal bottom Yukawa coupling corrections and non-factorizable diagrams.
Over most of the relevant supersymmetric parameter space the Yukawa coupling
corrections are sizeable, while the remaining supersymmetric loop contributions
are negligible.Comment: 18 pages, v2: some discussions added, v3: published versio
Louse (Insecta : Phthiraptera) mitochondrial 12S rRNA secondary structure is highly variable
Lice are ectoparasitic insects hosted by birds and mammals. Mitochondrial 12S rRNA sequences obtained from lice show considerable length variation and are very difficult to align. We show that the louse 12S rRNA domain III secondary structure displays considerable variation compared to other insects, in both the shape and number of stems and loops. Phylogenetic trees constructed from tree edit distances between louse 12S rRNA structures do not closely resemble trees constructed from sequence data, suggesting that at least some of this structural variation has arisen independently in different louse lineages. Taken together with previous work on mitochondrial gene order and elevated rates of substitution in louse mitochondrial sequences, the structural variation in louse 12S rRNA confirms the highly distinctive nature of molecular evolution in these insects
Implementation of a Deutsch-like quantum algorithm utilizing entanglement at the two-qubit level, on an NMR quantum information processor
We describe the experimental implementation of a recently proposed quantum
algorithm involving quantum entanglement at the level of two qubits using NMR.
The algorithm solves a generalisation of the Deutsch problem and distinguishes
between even and odd functions using fewer function calls than is possible
classically. The manipulation of entangled states of the two qubits is
essential here, unlike the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and the Grover's search
algorithm for two bits.Comment: 4 pages, two eps figure
Generalized parton distributions and Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering in Color Glass Condensate model
Within the framework of the Color Glass Condensate model, we evaluate quark
and gluon Generalized Parton Distributions (GPDs) and the cross section of
Deeply Virtual Compton Scattering (DVCS) in the small- region. We
demonstrate that the DVCS cross section becomes independent of energy in the
limit of very small , which clearly indicates saturation of the DVCS
cross section. Our predictions for the GPDs and the DVCS cross section at
high-energies can be tested at the future Electron-Ion Collider and in
ultra-peripheral nucleus-nucleus collisions at the LHC.Comment: 20 pages, 8 Figure
Lattice theory of trapping reactions with mobile species
We present a stochastic lattice theory describing the kinetic behavior of
trapping reactions , in which both the and particles
perform an independent stochastic motion on a regular hypercubic lattice. Upon
an encounter of an particle with any of the particles, is
annihilated with a finite probability; finite reaction rate is taken into
account by introducing a set of two-state random variables - "gates", imposed
on each particle, such that an open (closed) gate corresponds to a reactive
(passive) state. We evaluate here a formal expression describing the time
evolution of the particle survival probability, which generalizes our
previous results. We prove that for quite a general class of random motion of
the species involved in the reaction process, for infinite or finite number of
traps, and for any time , the particle survival probability is always
larger in case when stays immobile, than in situations when it moves.Comment: 12 pages, appearing in PR
Holonomic quantum gates: A semiconductor-based implementation
We propose an implementation of holonomic (geometrical) quantum gates by
means of semiconductor nanostructures. Our quantum hardware consists of
semiconductor macroatoms driven by sequences of ultrafast laser pulses ({\it
all optical control}). Our logical bits are Coulomb-correlated electron-hole
pairs (excitons) in a four-level scheme selectively addressed by laser pulses
with different polarization. A universal set of single and two-qubit gates is
generated by adiabatic change of the Rabi frequencies of the lasers and by
exploiting the dipole coupling between excitons.Comment: 10 Pages LaTeX, 10 Figures include
Segmentation of whole cells and cell nuclei from 3-D optical microscope images using dynamic programming
éæȹ性ćŠć»èŹäżć„ç 究ćć»ćŠçł»Communications between cells in large part drive tissue development and function, as well as disease-related processes such as tumorigenesis. Understanding the mechanistic bases of these processes necessitates quantifying specific molecules in adjacent cells or cell nuclei of intact tissue. However, a major restriction on such analyses is the lack of an efficient method that correctly segments each object (cell or nucleus) from 3-D images of an intact tissue specimen. We report a highly reliable and accurate semi-automatic algorithmic method for segmenting fluorescence-labeled cells or nuclei from 3-D tissue images. Segmentation begins with semi-automatic, 2-D object delineation in a user-selected plane, using dynamic programming (DP) to locate the border with an accumulated intensity per unit length greater that any other possible border around the same object. Then the two surfaces of the object in planes above and below the selected plane are found using an algorithm that combines DP and combinatorial searching. Following segmentation, any perceived errors can be interactively corrected. Segmentation accuracy is not significantly affected by intermittent labeling of object surfaces, diffuse surfaces, or spurious signals away from surfaces. The unique strength of the segmentation method was demonstrated on a variety of biological tissue samples where all cells, including irregularly shaped cells, were accurately segmented based on visual inspection. © 2006 IEEE
Saturn's icy satellites and rings investigated by Cassini - VIMS. III. Radial compositional variability
In the last few years Cassini-VIMS, the Visible and Infared Mapping
Spectrometer, returned to us a comprehensive view of the Saturn's icy
satellites and rings. After having analyzed the satellites' spectral properties
(Filacchione et al. (2007a)) and their distribution across the satellites'
hemispheres (Filacchione et al. (2010)), we proceed in this paper to
investigate the radial variability of icy satellites (principal and minor) and
main rings average spectral properties. This analysis is done by using 2,264
disk-integrated observations of the satellites and a 12x700 pixels-wide rings
radial mosaic acquired with a spatial resolution of about 125 km/pixel. The
comparative analysis of these data allows us to retrieve the amount of both
water ice and red contaminant materials distributed across Saturn's system and
the typical surface regolith grain sizes. These measurements highlight very
striking differences in the population here analyzed, which vary from the
almost uncontaminated and water ice-rich surfaces of Enceladus and Calypso to
the metal/organic-rich and red surfaces of Iapetus' leading hemisphere and
Phoebe. Rings spectra appear more red than the icy satellites in the visible
range but show more intense 1.5-2.0 micron band depths. The correlations among
spectral slopes, band depths, visual albedo and phase permit us to cluster the
saturnian population in different spectral classes which are detected not only
among the principal satellites and rings but among co-orbital minor moons as
well. Finally, we have applied Hapke's theory to retrieve the best spectral
fits to Saturn's inner regular satellites using the same methodology applied
previously for Rhea data discussed in Ciarniello et al. (2011).Comment: 44 pages, 27 figures, 7 tables. Submitted to Icaru
- âŠ