Revista de Vertebrados de la Estación Biológica de Doñana

Trabajo realizado dentro del proyecto numero 22107-03, "Fauna de Vertebrados Espafioles: Estudios Parciales sobre Reptiles, Anfibios, Aves y Mamíferos", del Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, financiado por la Comisión Asesora de Investigación Científica y TécnicaPeer reviewe

Historical approach to prostitution in Castellon province, 1908-1956

This article intends to be a first approach to the development of prostitution in Castellon province during the years when the regulatory system was approved for all Spain, that is, between 1908 and 1956. We are interested in getting closer to the legal and economic support that propitiated the development of this activity in the area, as well as the type of women who exercised it, from the clandestine to the mistresses who started such businesses at a time when women in Spain were relegated to a secondary place from the social point of view, without forgetting the different types of pupils who worked on them. Using the resources offered by prosopography, the objective is to show how varied was the universe of prostitution in the province in the last century.Este artículo pretende ser una primera aproximación al desarrollo de la prostitución en la provincia de Castellón en los años en que se aprobó su regulación para toda España, es decir, entre 1908 y 1956. Nos interesa acercarnos tanto al soporte legal y económico que propició el desarrollo de esta actividad en la zona, como al tipo de mujeres que la ejercieron, desde las clandestinas hasta las amas que pusieron en marcha unos negocios como esos en un tiempo en que la mujer en España estaba relegada a un segundo plano desde el punto de vista social, sin olvidarnos de los diferentes tipos de pupilas que en ellos trabajaron. Utilizando los recursos que nos ofrece la prosopografía, el objetivo es mostrar cuán variado fue el universo de la prostitución en la provincia en el siglo pasad

Matutinidad-vespertinidad y hábitos de sueño en adolescentes: diferencias de edad y sexo

Previous research has indicated the need to use large samples in different cultural contexts in order to clarify age and gender differences on morningness-eveningness and sleep habits. The goal of our research was to study the relationship between morningness-eveningness and sleep habits in a large sample of 2,649 adolescents between 12 and 16 years. The Morningness- Eveningness Scale for Children and an adaptation of the School Sleep Habits Survey measures were used. Results indicated a greater tendency toward eveningness with age and higher eveningness in 13- and 14-year-old girls. Older adolescents claimed later rising time on weekends, later bedtime and shorter sleep length, and greater social jetlag, weekend rise time delay, and weekend bedtime delay. Girls reported earlier rising time on weekdays, later rising time on weekends, longer sleep length on weekends, and greater social jetlag and weekend rising time delay. Lastly, evening oriented adolescents claimed later rising time and bedtime, shorter sleep length on weekdays but longer sleep duration on weekends, and greater social jetlag, weekend rising time delay, and weekend bedtime delay.Matutinidad-vespertinidad y hábitos de sueño en adolescentes: diferencias de edad y sexo. La investigación previa ha indicado la necesidad de usar muestras amplias en distintos contextos culturales para clarifi car las diferencias de edad y sexo en matutinidad-vespertinidad y hábitos de sueño. El objetivo de la investigación fue estudiar la relación entre la matutinidad-vespertinidad y los hábitos de sueño en una muestra amplia de 2.649 adolescentes entre 12 y 16 años. Se utilizó la escala Morningness-Eveningness Scale for Children y una adaptación del School Sleep Habits Survey. Los resultados indicaron una mayor tendencia hacia la vespertinidad con la edad y en las chicas de 13 y 14 años. Los adolescentes mayores tendían a levantarse más tarde el fi n de semana, acostarse más tarde y dormir menos, así como a un mayor jetlag social y retraso en la hora de levantarse y de acostarse. Las chicas tendían a levantarse antes entre semana y después el fi n de semana, dormían más el fin de semana y tenían un mayor jetlag social y retraso en la hora de levantarse. Finalmente, los vespertinos tendían a acostarse y levantarse más tarde, dormir menos entre semana y más el fi n de semana, así como a un mayor jetlag social y retraso en la hora de levantarse y de acostarse.Depto. de Psicología Social, del Trabajo y DiferencialFac. de PsicologíaTRUEMinisterio de Ciencia e Innovación (MICINN)Universidad Complutense de Madridpu

The Effect of Decision Training, from a Cognitive Perspective, on Decision-Making in Volleyball: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

This article will be part of the Doctoral Thesis titled: “Study of cognitive skills in volleyball players in Spain and Brazil”, by Manuel Conejero Suárez, at the University of Extremadura. This work was conducted with thanks to the Fernando Valhondo Calaff Foundation for the contribution of predoctoral contracts to young researchers.Over the past few decades there has been great interest in the study of cognitive processes, and specifically decision-making, from a cognitive perspective. The aim of the present study was to systematically review the scientific literature on the effect of decision training interventions/programs, from a cognitive perspective, on the decision-making of volleyball players. The systematic search was carried out in five scientific electronic databases according to PRISMA guidelines Web of Science (WOS), Pubmed (Medline), Scopus, SportDiscus and Google Scholar. A total of eight studies met the inclusion criteria. The main finding of the meta-analysis was that the use of decision-making training programs/interventions led to significant improvements in volleyball players’ decision-making (Standardized mean difference = 0.94 with 95% confidence interval from 0.63 to 1.25), compared to normal active volleyball training. In addition, the heterogeneity of the interventions was low (I2 = 0%). From the results of the studies analyzed, we recommend using decisional interventions or training, both as part of normal active training or complementary to it, to improve the decision-making of the players, thus optimizing their ability to perceive and process relevant stimuli, and then generate quick and effective responses. These findings can be useful in the process of sports training

Impact of adding a cognitive task while performing physical fitness tests in women with fibromyalgia. A cross-sectional descriptive study

Los síntomas de la fibromialgia causan una reducción significativa en la capacidad de realizar las actividades de la vida diaria. Estas actividades a menudo requieren la capacidad de realizar más de una tarea al mismo tiempo. El objetivo era investigar cómo la adición de una tarea cognitiva modifica el rendimiento en las pruebas de aptitud física en los controles de fibromialgia y salud. Un total de 61 mujeres participaron en este estudio, 31 de ellas diagnosticadas con fibromialgia por un reumatólogo. Realizaron 3 pruebas de aptitud física (rizo de brazo, agarre y pruebas de 10 pasos de escalera) en 2 condiciones: A) regular (una sola tarea [ST]) y B) pensando en 3 palabras que se dieron antes de cada prueba y que tuvieron que ser recordadas y verbalizadas después de la ejecución de cada prueba (tarea dual). El coste de la doble tarea se calculó como la diferencia entre las actuaciones en las condiciones normales y las de doble tarea (DT). Los controles sanos obtuvieron resultados significativamente mejores que la fibromialgia en ambas condiciones, de doble tarea y de una sola tarea. Las mujeres con fibromialgia disminuyeron significativamente el rendimiento en la prueba de los 10 pasos cuando se añadió una tarea cognitiva. No se encontraron diferencias entre los grupos en los costos de la doble tarea (DTC). Las mujeres con fibromialgia mostraron un menor rendimiento físico que los controles sanos en ambas condiciones de tareas simples y dobles. Además, se observaron diferencias entre las condiciones de tareas simples y dobles en la prueba de los 10 pasos en las mujeres con fibromialgia. Esto podría estar relacionado con una reducción en la capacidad de realizar actividades de la vida diaria. Sin embargo, los resultados relativos al DTC indican que ambos grupos pueden estar influenciados de manera similar por la adición de un cognitivo secundario. Por lo tanto, es necesario realizar más investigaciones con diferentes niveles de dificultad de las condiciones del DT en la fibromialgia.Fibromyalgia symptoms cause a significant reduction in the ability to perform daily life activities. These activities often require the ability to perform more than 1 task at the same time. The aim was to investigate how the addition of a cognitive task modifies the performance in physical fitness tests in fibromialgia and healthy controls. A total of 61 women participated in this study, 31 of them diagnosed with fibromyalgia by a rheumatologist. They performed 3 physical fitness tests (arm curl, handgrip, and 10-steps stair tests) in 2 conditions: A) regular (single task [ST]) and B) while thinking in 3 words that were given before each test and had to be recalled and verbalized after the execution of each test (dual task). The dual task cost was calculated as the difference between the performances in the regular and dual-task (DT) conditions. Healthy controls obtained significantly better results than fibromyalgia in both, dual and single-task conditions. Women with fibromyalgia significantly decreased the performance in the 10-steps stair test when a cognitive task was added. Between-group differences in the dual-task costs (DTC) were not found. Women with fibromyalgia showed lower physical performance than healthy controls in both, single and dual task conditions. In addition, differences between single and dual task conditions were observed in the 10-steps stair test in women with fibromyalgia. This could be related with a reduction in the ability to perform daily life activities. However, results regarding DTC indicate that both groups may be similarly influenced by the addition of a secondary cognitive. Thus, further research with different difficulty levels of DT conditions is needed in fibromyalgia.peerReviewe

Exergames for women with fibromyalgia: a randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling

ANTECEDENTES: Los exergames son una nueva forma de rehabilitación que combina las características del ejercicio físico y los beneficios de la realidad virtual no inmersiva (VR). Los efectos de esta novedosa terapia en mujeres con fibromialgia aún son desconocidos. El objetivo fue evaluar los efectos de la intervención basada en exergame sobre las habilidades de movilidad, el equilibrio y el miedo a caer en mujeres con fibromialgia. MÉTODOS: Este estudio fue un ensayo controlado aleatorio con asignación oculta. Setenta y seis mujeres con fibromialgia se dividieron en dos grupos: el grupo de ejercicios recibió una intervención de ocho semanas basada en exergames, mientras que el grupo de control continuó sus actividades habituales. Las habilidades de movilidad se evaluaron mediante la prueba cronometrada e ir, mientras que el equilibrio se evaluó mediante la prueba de alcance funcional y el protocolo CTSIB. El miedo a caer se evaluó en una escala de 0 a 100 (0, sin miedo; 100, miedo extremo). Las mediciones se realizaron antes y después de la intervención. Se utilizó un modelo mixto lineal de medidas repetidas para comparar los efectos de la intervención entre los dos grupos. RESULTADOS: El grupo de ejercicio fue significativamente más rápido que el grupo de control en la prueba de cronometraje e inicio (DM, −0.71; IC del 95% [−1.09–0.32]; p <0.001). También hubo mejoras significativas en el alcance funcional y un menor temor a caerse (DM, 4,34; IC del 95% [1,39 a 7,30]; p = 0,005 y DM, −9,85; IC del 95% [−0,19–−0,08]; p = 0.048, respectivamente). DISCUSIÓN: El TUG mejorado observado aquí fue mejor que la diferencia real más pequeña. Según los resultados de las habilidades de movilidad, el equilibrio y el miedo a caerse, los juegos pueden ser una herramienta eficaz como terapia para las mujeres con fibromialgia.BACKGROUND: Exergames are a new form of rehabilitation that combine the characteristics of physical exercise and the benefits of non-immersive virtual reality (VR). Effects of this novel therapy in women fibromyalgia are still unknown. The objective was to evaluate the effects of exergame-based intervention on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling in women with fibromyalgia. METHODS: This study was a randomized controlled trial with concealed allocation. Seventy-six women with fibromyalgia were divided into two groups: the exercise group received an eight week intervention based on exergames, while the control group continued their usual activities. Mobility skills were evaluated using the timed up and go test, while balance was assessed using the functional reach test, and the CTSIB protocol. Fear of falling was evaluated on a scale of 0–100 (0, no fear; 100, extreme fear). Measurements were performed before and after the intervention. A repeated-measures linear mixed model was used to compare the effects of the intervention between the two groups. RESULTS: The exercise group was significantly quicker than the control group in the timed up and go test (MD, −0.71; 95% CI [−1.09–0.32]; p < 0.001). There were also significant improvements in functional reach and a reduced fear of falling (MD, 4.34; 95% CI [1.39–7.30]; p = 0.005 and MD, −9.85; 95% CI [−0.19–−0.08]; p = 0.048, respectively). DISCUSSION: The improved TUG observed herein was better than the smallest real difference. Based on the results on mobility skills, balance and fear of falling, exergames may be an effective tool as a therapy for women with fibromyalgia.• Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Becas DEP2012-39828 y DEP2015-70356 (I+D+i) Gobierno de Extremadura y Fondos FEDER. Beca GR10127 • Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deportes. Beca FPU14/01283peerReviewe

Phase Angle from Bioelectric Impedance and Maturity-Related Factors in Adolescent Athletes: A Systematic Review

Phase angle (PhA) is a body composition (BC) parameter from bioelectrical impedance analysis that is suggested as a marker of cell integrity and general health. In adolescent athletes, PhA values are used to monitor the effects of training and competitions and seem to vary according to age, having an upward trajectory during puberty. Since adolescence is a period composed of maturation stages, the aim of this systematic review was to investigate the relationship between PhA and maturation stage in adolescent athletes. A search was conducted in PubMed/MEDLINE, BVS, Web of Science (WOS), Scopus, Science Direct, and Academic Search Complete (EBSCO) databases up to May 2020. Eligibility criteria followed the PICOS strategy and studies with healthy athletes aged 10–19 years of any level of competition were included. Six cross-sectional studies and two longitudinal studies met the inclusion criteria. Results showed that early and mature athletes have higher PhA than those who are non-matured or maturated late. Thus, PhA is influenced by the pubertal status. Considering BC is one of the factors influencing sports performance together with its growth-related changes, practitioners may use PhA values in BC analysis of adolescent athletes

The number of supports does not modify the electrical cortical activity during balance tasks.

Aims: The objective was to evaluate the electrical cortical activity during two static and two dynamic tasks, comparing between tasks with single support tasks and tasks with two feet on the platform. Settings and Design: Sixteen young males participated in this cross-sectional study. Methods and Material: Electrical cortical activity was assessed using the Enobio device. Two static and two dynamic tasks were performed, all of them on the Biodex Balance System device. Statistical analysis used: Mean power spectrum for the Alpha band was analyzed. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to compare tasks with one single support and tasks with the two feet on the platform. Results: No significant difference was observed when comparing the balance tasks. Conclusions: The number of supports did not significantly modify the EEG signal in the alpha band. However, cognitive demands in the single support dynamic task seemed to be somewhat higher compared with the rest of the tasks. These results may be relevant to design future programs based on dual task

Stair negotiation in women with fibromyalgia: a descriptive correlational study

Subir y bajar escaleras es una actividad común e importante de la vida diaria. Las mujeres con fibromialgia a menudo muestran una capacidad reducida para realizar esta tarea. El objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar la confiabilidad de las tareas de negociación de la escalera y la prueba de reevaluación y evaluar el impacto de los síntomas de la fibromialgia en la capacidad de negociar las escaleras. Cuarenta y dos mujeres con fibromialgia participaron en este estudio descriptivo correlacional. La relevancia de la negociación de la escalera (tanto subir y bajar) se evaluó al evaluar su asociación con la versión revisada del cuestionario de impacto de la fibromialgia (FIQ-R) y otras variables relacionadas con la salud. También se analizó la fiabilidad test-retest. Las principales medidas de resultado fueron el tiempo que se pasó subiendo y bajando escaleras y el impacto de la fibromialgia, la calidad de vida, el número de caídas, el peso y la resistencia y resistencia de las extremidades inferiores. El coeficiente de correlación intraclase (ICC) para el descenso de la escalera fue de 0.929 mientras que para el ascenso fue de 0.972. La puntuación en estas pruebas se correlacionó significativamente con la puntuación total para el FIQ-R y la puntuación para muchas de las dimensiones y síntomas: es decir, la función física, el impacto general de la fibromialgia, el dolor, la energía, la rigidez, el sueño reparador, la sensibilidad y la autoestima. Problemas de equilibrio percibido, y sensibilidad. Dada la importancia de la negociación de la escalera como actividad de la vida diaria y la alta confiabilidad, las tareas de ascenso y descenso de la escalera pueden ser útiles como medidas de resultado en estudios en pacientes con fibromialgia.Walking up and down stairs is a common and important activity of daily living. Women with fibromyalgia often show a reduced ability to perform this task. The objective of this study was to evaluate the test–retest reliability of stair negotiation tasks and to assess the impact of fibromyalgia symptoms on the ability to negotiate stairs. Forty-two women with fibromyalgia participated in this descriptive correlational study. The relevance of the stair negotiation (both walking up and down) was evaluated by assessing its association with the revised version of the fibromyalgia impact questionnaire (FIQ-R) and other health-related variables. Test–retest reliability was also analyzed. The main outcome measures were time spent walking up and down stairs and impact of fibromyalgia, quality of life, number of falls, weight, and lower limb strength and endurance. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for stair descent was 0.929 whereas that for ascent was 0.972. The score in these tests correlated significantly with the total score for the FIQ-R and the score for many of dimensions and symptoms: that is, physical function, overall impact of fibromyalgia, pain, energy, stiffness, restorative sleep, tenderness, self-perceived balance problems, and sensitivity.• Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad. Becas DEP2012-39828 y DEP2015-70356 • Ministerio de Educación, Cultura y Deportes. Beca FPU14/01283, para Daniel Collado MateopeerReviewe

Novel Semi-Interpenetrated Polymer Networks of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) with Incorporated Conductive Polypyrrole Nanoparticles

[EN] This paper reports the preparation and characterization of semi-interpenetrating polymer networks (semi-IPN) of poly(3-hydroxybutirate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), PHBV, and poly (vinyl alcohol), PVA, with conductive polypirrole (PPy) nanoparticles. Stable hybrid semi-IPN (PHBV/PVA 30/70 ratio) hydrogels were produced by solvent casting, dissolving each polymer in chloroform and 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidone respectively, and subsequent glutaraldehyde crosslinking of the PVA chains. The microstructure and physical properties of this novel polymeric system were analysed, including thermal behaviour and degradation, water sorption, wettability and electrical conductivity. The conductivity of these advanced networks rose significantly at higher PPy nanoparticles content. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and calorimetry characterization indicated good miscibility and compatibility between all the constituents, with no phase separation and strong interactions between phases. A single glass transition was observed between those of pure PHBV and PVA, although PVA was dominant in its contribution to the glass transition process. Incorporating PPy nanoparticles significantly reduced the hydrogel swelling, even at low concentrations, indicating molecular interactions between the PPy nanoparticles and the hydrogel matrix. The PHBV/PVA semi-IPN showed higher thermal stability than the neat polymers and PHBV/PVA blend, which also remained in the tertiary systems.This research was funded by the Spanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities, grant number RTI2018-097862-B-C21, including the FEDER financial support, (awarded to R.S.i.S. and J.M.-M.) and by the Fundacion Universidad Catolica de Valencia San Vicente Martir, grant No 2019-231-003UCV (awarded to A.S.-A.). CIBER-BBN is an initiative funded by the VI National R&D&I Plan 2008-2011, Iniciativa Ingenio 2010, Consolider Program. CIBER Actions are financed by the Instituto de Salud Carlos III with assistance from the European Regional Development Fund.Aparicio-Collado, JL.; Novoa, JJ.; Molina Mateo, J.; Torregrosa Cabanilles, C.; Serrano-Aroca, Á.; Sabater I Serra, R. (2021). Novel Semi-Interpenetrated Polymer Networks of Poly(3-Hydroxybutyrate-co-3-Hydroxyvalerate)/Poly (Vinyl Alcohol) with Incorporated Conductive Polypyrrole Nanoparticles. Polymers. 13(1):1-21. https://doi.org/10.3390/polym13010057S12113