Préface

Au lendemain des indépendances, le Sénégal a très tôt porté un intérêt particulier pour la recherche sur la population, la santé et l’environnement. Par la volonté politique, la détermination des acteurs et l’aide des premiers partenaires, le site de Niakhar, un lieu de recherche actif, a vu le jour. Ce site de renommée mondiale, par les multiples recherches et productions scientifiques importantes qui ont servi le continent africain et au-delà, témoigne de l’histoire sanitaire démographique ..

A future for the world’s children? A WHO–UNICEF–Lancet Commission.

Executive summary Despite dramatic improvements in survival, nutrition, and education over recent decades, today’s children face an uncertain future. Climate change, ecological degradation, migrating populations, conflict, pervasive inequalities, and predatory commercial practices threaten the health and future of children in every country. In 2015, the world’s countries agreed on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), yet nearly 5 years later, few countries have recorded much progress towards achieving them. This Commission presents the case for placing children, aged 0–18 years, at the centre of the SDGs: at the heart of the concept of sustainability and our shared human endeavour. Governments must harness coalitions across sectors to overcome ecological and commercial pressures to ensure children receive their rights and entitlements now and a liveable planet in the years to come

The path to longer and healthier lives for all Africans by 2030: the Lancet Commission on the future of health in sub-Saharan Africa

Sub-Saharan Africa’s health challenges are numerous and wide-ranging. Most sub-Saharan African countries face a double burden of traditional, persisting health challenges, such as infectious diseases, malnutrition, and child and maternal mortality, and emerging challenges from an increasing prevalence of chronic conditions, mental health disorders, injuries, and health problems related to climate change and environmental degradation. Although there has been real progress on many health indicators, life expectancy and most population health indicators remain behind most low-income and middle-income countries in other parts of the world. Our Commission was prompted by sub-Saharan Africa’s potential to improve health on its own terms, and largely with its own resources. The spirit of this Commission is one of evidence-based optimism, with caution. We recognise that major health inequities exist and that health outcomes are worst in fragile countries, rural areas, urban slums, and conflict zones, and among the poor, disabled, and marginalised. Moreover, sub- Saharan Africa is facing the challenges and opportunities of the largest cohort of young people in history, with the youth population aged under 25 years predicted to almost double from 230 million to 450 million by 2050. The future of health in Africa is bright, but only if no one is left behind