Death of the Emissary: Language, Metonymy, and European Complicity in Juan Diego Botto’s “La carta”

Juan Diego Botto’s 2005 monologue “La carta” explores the real-life death of Yaguine Koita and Fodé Tounkara, two Guinean boys who in 1999 died attempting to reach Europe with a letter addressed to European officials. A close reading of Botto’s monologue illustrates how the letter by Yaguine and Fodé functions as an archive that explores and redefines the liminal spaces, and therefore the relationship, between Europe and Africa. The monologue and the letter elucidate the boys’ position as emissaries who seek to reconcile the European continent with its complicity in the state of Africa

Undocumented Crime in Juan Mayorga ’s \u3cem\u3eAnimales nocturnos \u3c/em\u3e

The link between criminality and immigration is often personified in the undocumented immigrant. As nations have constricted the flow of immigrants, laws have inscribed a criminal culpability attached to the lack of documentation. The lack of papers becomes such a part of their persona that in Spanish the colloquial term for an undocumented immigrant is a sin papeles ‘illegal immigrant.’ Juan Mayorga’s chilling 2003 play Animales nocturnos (Nocturnal) explores the lengths to which laws can be used to criminalize and psychologically abuse undocumented immigrants. This paper will explore how immigration law manifests itself in the play and how said manifestation establishes a Hegelian power dynamic between the autochthonous and immigrant protagonists of the play that results in the rewarding of criminal behavior. In order to demonstrate how the law leads to exploitation, textual analysis of Spain’s immigration law will be juxtaposed to Hegel’s master-slave dialectic. The juxtaposition will show that Spain’s law does not give immigrants, regardless of status, the ability to fight against exploitation without putting themselves at risk of deportation, thus creating a catch-22 that enables autochthonous exploiters to take advantage of an immigrant’s lack of legal residency status

Review of \u3cem\u3eAfrican Immigrants in Contemporary Spanish Texts: Crossing the Strait\u3c/em\u3e, edited by Debra Faszer-McMahon and Victoria L. Ketz

Coleman reviews African Immigrants in Contemporary Spanish Texts: Crossing the Strait edited by Debra Faszer-McMahon, and Victoria L. Ketz. Faszer-McMahon, Debra, and Victoria L. Ketz, editors. African Immigrants in Contemporary Spanish Texts: Crossing the Strait. Ashgate, 2015. 304 pp

Undocumented Crime in Juan Mayorga’s Animales nocturnos

The link between criminality and immigration is often personified in the undocumented immigrant. As nations have constricted the flow of immigrants, laws have inscribed a criminal culpability attached to the lack of documentation. The lack of papers becomes such a part of their persona that in Spanish the colloquial term for an undocumented immigrant is a sin papeles ‘illegal immigrant.’ Juan Mayorga’s chilling 2003 play Animales nocturnos (Nocturnal) explores the lengths to which laws can be used to criminalize and psychologically abuse undocumented immigrants. This paper will explore how immigration law manifests itself in the play and how said manifestation establishes a Hegelian power dynamic between the autochthonous and immigrant protagonists of the play that results in the rewarding of criminal behavior. In order to demonstrate how the law leads to exploitation, textual analysis of Spain’s immigration law will be juxtaposed to Hegel’s master-slave dialectic. The juxtaposition will show that Spain’s law does not give immigrants, regardless of status, the ability to fight against exploitation without putting themselves at risk of deportation, thus creating a catch-22 that enables autochthonous exploiters to take advantage of an immigrant’s lack of legal residency status

The Hip in Hip Hop: Toward a Discipline of Hip Hop Studies

Editorial

Quantum Fermion Hair

It is shown that the Dirac operator in the background of a magnetic %Reissner-Nordstr\"om black hole and a Euclidean vortex possesses normalizable zero modes in theories containing superconducting cosmic strings. One consequence of these zero modes is the presence of a fermion condensate around magnetically charged black holes which violates global quantum numbers.Comment: 16pp (harvmac (l)) and 2 figs.(not included

Special Focus Introduction. Set Up and Shut Out: Immigration and Criminality in Contemporary Spanish Fiction

The beginning of the twenty-first century has seen mass immigration from the Global South to the Global North. Unfortunately, the geopolitical and racial dynamics of this migration flow often lead to a purported nexus between immigration and criminality. In immigrant-receiving nations, this is especially the case, where sometimes the government, the media, and even the population support a xenophobic perspective based on the interconnection between immigration and criminality. Spain serves as an interesting case study for understanding how cultural productions reflect and/or critique that tendency because between 2000 and 2010 it had the world\u27s second largest net immigration rate. The large demographic shift that immigration has produced in Spain over the past three decades ultimately created a laboratory for the creation of a multiracial and multicultural nation. This special issue provides a more nuanced understanding regarding the criminalization of immigrant communities in Spanish fiction. The authors that form this special issue demonstrate how the staging of this criminalization is reworked in genres like novels, short stories, theater, and cinema to expose and problematize the purported nexus between criminality and immigration. By bringing together crime fiction and immigration studies scholars, this issue seeks to reformulate and reconsider what has been traditionally thought of as the “immigrant problem” and its relation to crime in contemporary Spanish fiction

Disc Brake Energy Conversion

The original goal of this project was to complete the design and building of a disc brake energy conversion project started by a former senior project team, and then spend a majority of the year performing testing in order to see if the device could be used to accurately calculate the Joule\u27s constant. However, due to unforeseen complications and obstacles, the design and manufacturing portion of the project ended up taking much longer than anticipated. A majority of this time was spent designing the hydraulic plumbing system that would actuate the brakes. The previous team purchased some hydraulic parts and left them unassembled with no hydraulic schematic, and in order to save money, one of our goals was to use as many of the previous team\u27s purchased parts as possible. This led to us attempting to complete their hydraulic design using the few parts they had left behind. However, after some time we discovered that the parts they had purchased would not work with the system we were trying to create. After discussion with multiple professors and shop techs, we discovered a hydraulic schematic created by W.C. Branham that would be perfect for our device. After making a few changes to the design, we were able to start manufacturing the hydraulic system using hand-held tube benders and tube cutters. Once the tubing was assembled, we bled the air out of the hydraulic portion of the system and filled it with hydraulic fluid. Then, in order to measure the temperature of the thermistor in the copper brake pads, we programmed an Arduino read the thermistor and collect data. This left us with only three weeks to test; however, through our testing and analysis, we were able to calculate a Joule\u27s constant within 35% of the accepted value. The error in the calculated value came from heat loss that was not accounted for by our thermal model for the system. In an attempt to reduce the heat loss, we insulated the rear of the thermistor using Styrofoam and improved the thermal conductivity between the thermistor and copper pad using thermal paste. Although this improved our measured temperature, we believe we were still losing a lot of heat out of the back of the copper pad. Even though we had limited time to test, we believe that we proved that with further testing and analysis this device can be used to accurately and consistently calculate the Joule\u27s constant