27,222 research outputs found
The Phase-Space Density Profiles of Cold Dark Matter Halos
We examine the coarse-grained phase-space density profiles of a set of
recent, high-resolution simulations of galaxy-sized Cold Dark Matter (CDM)
halos. Over two and a half decades in radius the phase-space density closely
follows a power-law, , with . This behaviour matches the self-similar solution obtained by
Bertschinger for secondary infall in a uniformly expanding universe. On the
other hand, the density profile corresponding to Bertschinger's solution (a
power-law of slope ) differs significantly from the density
profiles of CDM halos. We show that isotropic mass distributions with power-law
phase-space density profiles form a one-parameter family of structures
controlled by , the ratio of the velocity dispersion to the peak
circular velocity. For one recovers the power-law
solution . For larger than some critical
value, , solutions become non-physical, leading to negative
densities near the center. The critical solution, , has
the narrowest phase-space density distribution compatible with the power-law
phase-space density stratification constraint. Over three decades in radius the
critical solution is indistinguishable from an NFW profile. Our results thus
suggest that the NFW profile is the result of a hierarchical assembly process
that preserves the phase-space stratification of Bertschinger's infall model
but which ``mixes'' the system maximally, perhaps as a result of repeated
merging.Comment: 16 pages, 4 figures; submitted to The Astrophysical Journa
Propulsion system mathematical model for a lift/cruise fan V/STOL aircraft
A propulsion system mathematical model is documented that allows calculation of internal engine parameters during transient operation. A non-realtime digital computer simulation of the model is presented. It is used to investigate thrust response and modulation requirements as well as the impact of duty cycle on engine life and design criteria. Comparison of simulation results with steady-state cycle deck calculations showed good agreement. The model was developed for a specific 3-fan subsonic V/STOL aircraft application, but it can be adapted for use with any similar lift/cruise V/STOL configuration
Majorana spinors and extended Lorentz symmetry in four-dimensional theory
An extended local Lorentz symmetry in four-dimensional (4D) theory is
considered. A source of this symmetry is a group of general linear
transformations of four-component Majorana spinors GL(4,M) which is isomorphic
to GL(4,R) and is the covering of an extended Lorentz group in a 6D Minkowski
space M(3,3) including superluminal and scaling transformations. Physical
space-time is assumed to be a 4D pseudo-Riemannian manifold. To connect the
extended Lorentz symmetry in the M(3,3) space with the physical space-time, a
fiber bundle over the 4D manifold is introduced with M(3,3) as a typical fiber.
The action is constructed which is invariant with respect to both general 4D
coordinate and local GL(4,M) spinor transformations. The components of the
metric on the 6D fiber are expressed in terms of the 4D pseudo-Riemannian
metric and two extra complex fields: 4D vector and scalar ones. These extra
fields describe in the general case massive particles interacting with an extra
U(1) gauge field and weakly interacting with ordinary particles, i.e.
possessing properties of invisible (dark) matter.Comment: 24 page
Analytical modeling of the structureborne noise path on a small twin-engine aircraft
The structureborne noise path of a six passenger twin-engine aircraft is analyzed. Models of the wing and fuselage structures as well as the interior acoustic space of the cabin are developed and used to evaluate sensitivity to structural and acoustic parameters. Different modeling approaches are used to examine aspects of the structureborne path. These approaches are guided by a number of considerations including the geometry of the structures, the frequency range of interest, and the tractability of the computations. Results of these approaches are compared with experimental data
The Evolution of the Galaxy Sizes in the NTT Deep Field: a Comparison with CDM Models
The sizes of the field galaxies with I<25 have been measured in the NTT Deep
Field. Intrinsic sizes have been obtained after deconvolution of the PSF with a
multigaussian method. The reliability of the method has been tested using both
simulated data and HST observations of the same field. The distribution of the
half light radii is peaked at r_{hl} 0.3 arcsec, in good agreement with that
derived from HST images at the same magnitude. An approximate morphological
classification has been obtained using the asymmetry and concentration
parameters. The intrinsic sizes of the galaxies are shown as a function of
their redshifts and absolute magnitudes using photometric redshifts derived
from the multicolor catalog. While the brighter galaxies with morphological
parameters typical of the normal spirals show a flat distribution in the range
r_{d}=1-6 kpc, the fainter population at 0.4<z<0.8 dominates at small sizes. To
explore the significance of this behaviour, an analytical rendition of the
standard CDM model for the disc size evolution has been computed. The model
showing the best fit to the local luminosity function and the Tully-Fisher
relation is able to reproduce at intermediate redshifts a size distribution in
general agreement with the observations, although it tends to underestimate the
number of galaxies fainter than M_B~ -19 with disk sizes r_d~ 1-2 kpc.Comment: 16 pages, 11 figures, ApJ in press, Dec 199
Comparing the Evolution of the Galaxy Disk Sizes with CDM Models: The Hubble Deep Field
The intrinsic sizes of the field galaxies with I<26 in the Hubble and ESO-NTT
Deep Fields are shown as a function of their redshifts and absolute magnitudes
using photometric redshifts derived from the multicolor catalogs and are
compared with the CDM predictions. Extending to lower luminosities and to
higher z our previous analysis performed on the NTT field alone, we find that
the distribution of the galaxy disk sizes at different cosmic epochs is within
the range predicted by typical CDM models. However, the observed size
distribution of faint (M_B>-19) galaxies is skewed with respect to the CDM
predictions and an excess of small-size disks (R_d<2 kpc) is already present at
z~ 0.5. The excess persists up to z~3 and involves brighter galaxies . Such an
excess may be reduced if luminosity-dependent effects, like starburst activity
in interacting galaxies, are included in the physical mechanisms governing the
star formation history in CDM models.Comment: 9 pages, 3 figures, ApJ Letters in pres
A prospective longitudinal study of perceived infant outcomes at 18-24 months: Neural and psychological correlates of parental thoughts and actions assessed during the first month postpartum
The first postpartum months constitute a critical period for parents to establish an emotional bond with their infants. Neural responses to infant-related stimuli have been associated with parental sensitivity. However, the associations among these neural responses, parenting, and later infant outcomes for mothers and fathers are unknown. In the current longitudinal study, we investigated the relationships between parental thoughts/actions and neural activation in mothers and fathers in the neonatal period with infant outcomes at the toddler stage. At the first month postpartum, mothers (n=21) and fathers (n=19) underwent a neuroimaging session during which they listened to their own and unfamiliar babyâs cry. Parenting-related thoughts/behaviors were assessed by interview twice at the first month and 3-4 months postpartum and infantsâ socioemotional outcomes were reported by mothers and fathers at 18-24 months postpartum. In mothers, higher levels of anxious thoughts/actions about parenting at the first month postpartum, but not at 3-4 months postpartum, were associated with infantâs low socioemotional competencies at 18-24 months. Anxious thoughts/actions were also associated with heightened responses in the motor cortex and reduced responses in the substantia nigra to own infant cry sounds. On the other hand, in fathers, higher levels of positive perception of being a parent at the first month postpartum, but not at 3-4 months postpartum, were associated with higher infant socioemotional competencies at 18-24 months. Positive thoughts were associated with heightened responses in the auditory cortex and caudate to own infant cry sounds. The current study provides evidence that parental thoughts are related to concurrent neural responses to their infants at the first month postpartum as well as their infantâs future socioemotional outcome at 18-24 months. Parent differences suggest that anxious thoughts in mothers and positive thoughts in fathers may be the targets for parenting-focused interventions very early postpartum
Radial Redshift Space Distortions
The radial component of the peculiar velocities of galaxies cause
displacements in their positions in redshift space. We study the effect of the
peculiar velocities on the linear redshift space two point correlation
function. Our analysis takes into account the radial nature of the redshift
space distortions and it highlights the limitations of the plane parallel
approximation. We consider the problem of determining the value of \beta and
the real space two point correlation function from the linear redshift space
two point correlation function. The inversion method proposed here takes into
account the radial nature of the redshift space distortions and can be applied
to magnitude limited redshift surveys that have only partial sky coverage.Comment: 26 pages including 11 figures, to appear in Ap
Vector meson photoproduction studied in its radiative decay channel
We provide an analysis of vector meson photoproduction in the channel of the
vector meson decaying into a pseudoscalar meson plus a photon, i.e. . It is shown that non-trivial kinematic correlations arise from the
measurement of the angular distributions in the overall c.m. system
in comparison with those in the vector-meson-rest frame. In terms of the vector
meson density matrix elements, the implication of such kinematic correlations
in the measurement of polarization observables is discussed. For the
meson production, due to its relatively large branching ratios for
, additional events from this channel may enrich the
information about the reaction mechanism and improve the statistics of the
recent measurement of polarized beam asymmetries by the GRAAL Collaboration.
For , , and , we expect
that additional information about the spin structure of the vector meson
production vertex can be derived.Comment: Revtex, 14 pages, 2 eps figures; Version accepted by PR
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