3 research outputs found
Conformal Cyclic Cosmology Signatures and Anomalies of the CMB Sky
Circles of low-variance and Hawking points in the Cosmic Microwave Background
(CMB), resulting from black hole mergers and black hole evaporation,
respectively, in a previous cycle of the universe, have been predicted as
possible evidence for the Conformal Cyclic Cosmology model (CCC) introduced by
R. Penrose. We present a high-resolution search for such low-variance circles
in the Planck and WMAP CMB data, and introduce HawkingNet, our machine learning
open-source software based on a ResNet18 algorithm, to search for Hawking
points in the CMB. We find that CMB anomalies, consisting of a few bright
pixels, erroneously lead to regions with many low-variance circles, and
consequently sets of concentric low-variance circles, when applying the search
criteria used in previous work [V.G. Gurzadyan, R. Penrose]. After removing the
anomalies from the data no statistically significant low-variance circles can
be found. Concerning Hawking points, also no statistically significant evidence
is found when using a Gaussian temperature amplitude model over 1 degree
opening angle and after accounting for CMB anomalies. That CMB anomalies
themselves might be remnants of Hawking points is not supported by low-variance
and/or low-temperature circles around them. The absence of such
statistically-significant distinct features in the currently available CMB data
does not disprove the CCC model but implies that higher resolution CMB data
and/or refined CCC based predictions are needed to pursue the search for CCC
signatures.Comment: prepared for JCAP rev
OH absorption in on-chip high-Q resonators
Thermal silica is a common dielectric used in all silicon-photonic circuits.
And bound hydroxyl ions (Si-OH) can provide a significant component of optical
loss in this material on account of the wet nature of the thermal oxidation
process. A convenient way to quantify this loss relative to other mechanisms is
through OH-absorption at 1380 nm. Here, using ultra-high-Q thermal-silica wedge
microresonators, the OH absorption loss peak is measured and distinguished from
the scattering loss base line over a wavelength range from 680 nm to 1550 nm.
Record-high on-chip resonator Q factors are observed for near-visible and
visible wavelengths, and the absorption limited Q factor is as high as 8
billion in the telecom band. OH ion content level around 2.4 ppm (weight) is
inferred from both Q measurements and by Secondary Ion Mass Spectroscopy (SIMS)
depth profiling.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure