The effects of ozone therapy on extremity ischemia-reperfusion injury in a rabbit model

Introduction: Ischemia is reversible or irreversible cell/tissue damage that is secondary to insufficient blood flow to tissues or organs. Ischemia causes many metabolic and structural changes at the cellular level. Ozone therapy is often used as an antioxidant remedy. This study aimed to investigate the effects of ozone therapy on extremity ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury. Methods: Twenty-four New Zealand White (NZW) rabbits were randomly allocated into three groups. Each group consisted of eight rabbits. Group I was the control group, Group II was the ischemia group, and Group III, the ozone group.  Femoral arteries of the right legs were dissected, and femoral arterial occlusion was performed in Group II and III.  Hematological and histopathological evaluation was performed in all groups. Results: The levels of total antioxidant status (TAS) after the surgical procedure was higher in the ozone group compared to the ischemia group (p=0.036). In addition, the levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) after the surgical procedure were lower in the ozone group compared to the ischemia group but not statistically significant (p=0.093). The control and ozone groups were histopathologically similar. Conclusions: Ozone therapy may be used as an alternative treatment modality with its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects for the treatment of extremity IR injury

Comparison of Different Models to Estimate Global Solar Irradiation in the Sudanese Zone of Chad

Sustainable future development relies on solar radiation, which is the main source of renewable energy. Thus, in this article, the monthly average global solar irradiation of four sites in the Sudanian zone region of Chad is estimated using different empirical models. The data used in this study were collected at the General Directorate of Meteorology of Chad. The reliability and accuracy of six models estimating global solar radiation were validated and compared by statistical indicators identifying the most accurate model. The results obtained show that the Allen model has the best performance for the Moundou site (5.760 kWh/m²/d, R2=0.843), the Angstrom Prescott model for the Sarh sites (5.658 kWh/m²/d, R2=0.805) and Pala (5.793 kWh/m²/d, R²=0.889), the Sabbagh model for the Bongor site (5.657 kWh/m²/d, R²=0.888). These models are validated against NASA data. The results show that the Sudanian zone of Chad has good solar potential and is therefore suitable for possible exploitation

Assembly via Press Fitting Knurled Components in Drivetrain Applications

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The Economic Dimension of Using the Integration of Highway Sound Screens with Solar Panels in the Process of Generating Green Energy

One of the research areas related to renewable energy sources is the search for new applications for currently used technologies. An important postulate is to achieve the synergy effect by including the existing infrastructure in this process. The innovation described in this article is the integration of solar cells into a modular sound barrier on the highway. The contribution of this article is mainly based on the introduction of the potential feasibility of the first Turkish solar highway, describing the installation of PV systems based on a multi-criteria evaluation (azimuth angle, loss of shade, and dirt). The aim of the study is to determine the economic dimension by examining the costs of implementing such an investment and answering the question concerning the efficiency of solar cells on sound barriers. The research took into account various scenarios regarding the shadow effect and inclination of solar panels and their impact on solar energy production in the example of a given case study, an identified urban area. The research is limited to the model for assessing the feasibility of solar cells on sound barriers based on NPV and the essence of the relationship regarding the LCOE averaged electricity costs. In this study, the function and technical parameters of solar cells are not specified, but the article is limited to the basic information and characteristics required to investigate the payback period and profitability of an investment. Research has shown that if the investment is carried out in accordance with the proposed model, the expected amount of energy produced is 62,257 kWh per year. This value corresponds to the average consumption of electricity in a household by 24 apartments for a given destination, or to providing energy for a selected electric vehicle for one year of its operation, at the same time leading to a significant reduction of CO2. The presented research can find practical application in the area of developing a strategy for the development and popularization of renewable energy sources while increasing the use of the existing road infrastructure, presenting an important postulate in promoting this type of solution for other geographic destinations

Ocena dobowego zapotrzebowania na energię elektryczną na przykładzie tureckiego systemu transportu drogowego – studium przypadku rozwoju elektromobilności na autostradach

The aim of this study is to investigate how the daily electricity demand from road transport related to the implementation of an electric road system on the eight roads with the highest traffic flow connecting the seven largest cities in Turkey varies according to time and location. Intercity highway route O-7, O-5, O-21, D715, D687, E96, and E87 in Western Turkey was used as a case study. The daily electricity demand on the eight roads working on the full electrification of the existing traffic flow can be increased by 3.7% in the case of the reference point. However, if all roads in Turkey are converted to an electric road system and all land vehicles use this system, the corresponding peak power increase will be 100%. The daily electricity demand along the roads is derived from the available measuring points for the daily road traffic volumes. The study also compares the CO2 reduction potentials and energy demands of the electrified road system with the use of fossil fuels to achieve the same transportation volume. The results show that an electric road system application on eight Turkish roads with considerable traffic flow can reduce 18.8 million tons of CO2 emissions from the road transport sector. The research can find practical application in assessing the validity of developing a strategy for the development of electromobility on highways in Turkey.Celem tego artykułu jest zbadanie, w jaki sposób dobowe zapotrzebowanie na energię elektryczną w transporcie drogowym związane z wdrożeniem elektrycznego systemu drogowego na ośmiu drogach o największym natężeniu ruchu, łączących siedem największych miast w Turcji, zmienia się w zależności od czasu i lokalizacji. Jako studium przypadku wykorzystano autostradę międzymiastową O-7, O-5, O-21, E96 i E87 w zachodniej Turcji. Dobowe zapotrzebowanie na energię elektryczną na ośmiu drogach pracujących nad pełną elektryfikacją istniejącego ruchu może w przypadku punktu odniesienia wzrosnąć o 3,7%. Jeśli jednak wszystkie drogi w Turcji zostaną przekształcone w elektryczny system drogowy i wszystkie pojazdy lądowe będą korzystać z tego systemu, odpowiedni wzrost mocy szczytowej wyniesie 100%. Dobowe zapotrzebowanie na energię elektryczną wzdłuż dróg pochodzi z dostępnych punktów pomiarowych dobowego natężenia ruchu drogowego. Badanie porównuje również potencjały redukcji CO2 i zapotrzebowanie energetyczne zelektryfikowanego systemu drogowego z wykorzystaniem paliw kopalnych w celu osiągnięcia tej samej wielkości transportu. Wyniki pokazują, że zastosowanie elektrycznego systemu drogowego na ośmiu tureckich drogach o znacznym natężeniu ruchu może zmniejszyć emisję CO2 o 18,8 mln ton z sektora transportu drogowego. Badania mogą znaleźć praktyczne zastosowanie w ocenie zasadności opracowania strategii rozwoju elektromobilności na autostradach w Turcji

Technical and Economical Investigation of a Centralized and Decentralized Hybrid Renewable Energy System in Cadaado, Somalia

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the feasibility of a wind–solar hybrid system on and off-grid power system for electricity generation at a selected location in Somalia using the renewable energy optimization software HOMER. The simulation model was successfully applied to find the best simulation results based on the energy-efficient system for the specific load. The technical and economic performance of an on-grid and stand-alone combination of 25 kW wind power and 60 kW solar photovoltaic was investigated. Since the city of Cadaado has not yet installed its own standard modern electricity grid and due to the great need to reduce energy costs in Somalia, a feasibility study was conducted on how to supply electricity to a sampled residential consumption. Based on the basic characteristics of renewable energy sources in central Somalia, the on-grid wind and solar photovoltaic systems could be economically feasible

Analyzing the Societal Cost of Electric Roads Compared to Batteries and Oil for All Forms of Road Transport

This article is designed to demonstrate that electric roads are an affordable way to electrify all forms of road transport—not only cars, but also buses and trucks. Electric roads represent a way to power electric vehicles without relying solely on batteries. The idea is that when an electric vehicle reaches an electric road, it stops using power from the battery and instead uses power directly from the road itself. The primary challenge for electric vehicles is still the perception of a compromised quality of life in owning an electric vehicle due to a limited range compared with petrol and diesel cars, today. This paper introduces a new technology, currently experiencing rapid development, that can not only overcome range anxiety but make electric vehicles better, in terms of range, than petrol and diesel cars today. Furthermore, not only can this research help to arrange this, but it can also help, for the first time, to cost-effectively electrify heavy-duty transport, such as trucks and buses, which would be a huge breakthrough in terms of sustainability, as it is very important to start supplying electricity to heavy-duty vehicles. The case study provides a very hypothetical example of a trip with and without an electric road, covering a total of 26,011 km of highways and main roads. The results indicate that building electric roads is cheaper than many other alternatives. If a large battery is replaced with a smaller battery for each new vehicle sold, after 3 years, enough savings will be made to electrify all highways and main roads in Turkey. This paper can help transport operators and policymakers develop strategies to accelerate the adoption of electric vehicles by appropriately implementing electric road infrastructure

Load Frequency Control of Microgrid System by Battery and Pumped-Hydro Energy Storage

Energy security is one of the main factors in the development and diffusion of microgrid applications. In networks operating without storage, the operation of their systems is greatly affected by sudden load demand and intermittent generation fluctuations. The main purposes of using energy storage systems in microgrids are stabilizing the intermittent generation of renewable energy sources locally, to ensure that energy production matches energy demands, participating in the frequency regulation process, maintaining the energy balance between generation and demand in renewable energy microgrids, and increasing energy reliability. This study investigates the frequency and power balance of an isolated microgrid system, by including storage systems (battery and pump-hydro). Realistic data for wind and solar sources are used for the optimal tuning of the proportional-integral controller, using the integral of the absolute error criterion multiplied by time, with a Quasi-Newton method. Simulation studies have been carried out, to investigate the performance of the microgrid system, by including the hydroelectric power plant system with pump storage for 24 h, under various operating conditions. The results reveal that by including the storage units in the system, it exhibits a more consistent and smooth dynamic performance, using renewable energy efficiently

Load Frequency Control of Microgrid System by Battery and Pumped-Hydro Energy Storage

Energy security is one of the main factors in the development and diffusion of microgrid applications. In networks operating without storage, the operation of their systems is greatly affected by sudden load demand and intermittent generation fluctuations. The main purposes of using energy storage systems in microgrids are stabilizing the intermittent generation of renewable energy sources locally, to ensure that energy production matches energy demands, participating in the frequency regulation process, maintaining the energy balance between generation and demand in renewable energy microgrids, and increasing energy reliability. This study investigates the frequency and power balance of an isolated microgrid system, by including storage systems (battery and pump-hydro). Realistic data for wind and solar sources are used for the optimal tuning of the proportional-integral controller, using the integral of the absolute error criterion multiplied by time, with a Quasi-Newton method. Simulation studies have been carried out, to investigate the performance of the microgrid system, by including the hydroelectric power plant system with pump storage for 24 h, under various operating conditions. The results reveal that by including the storage units in the system, it exhibits a more consistent and smooth dynamic performance, using renewable energy efficiently

Effects of different types and levels of zinc sulphate applications in vineyards (Vitis vinifera L.) in a semi-arid environment

WOS: 000242775700078The present study was carried out to determine the effect of soil and foliar applications of different rates of zinc in the vicinity of Alasehir, one of the most important viticultural centres in the Western Aegean Region where the round seedless grape cultivar (Vitis vinifera L.) is widely grown, on productivity and some chemical quality characteristics as well as leaf primary and secondary elements. Zinc was applied to soil and foliage as ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O in the experiment with four replications. One soil application (0-15-30-45 g ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O/vine) in addition to foliar application replicated three times (0.0-0.025-0.050-0.10% Zn). Both soil and foliar zinc sulphate (ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O) applications increased the amount of fresh grapes per vine. The highest yield was observed at 30 g ZnSO4 center dot 7H(2)O level per vine in soil application and at the rate of 0.05% Zn in foliar application. Zinc sulphate produced a significant positive effect on the contents of primary and secondary elements (N, P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu) of the leaf (lamina and petiole) with the exception of the leaf petiole manganese content in the soil application and the leaf petiole copper content in the foliar application. Soil and foliar applications of zinc sulphate negatively affected the firmness of the berry flesh. The only fruit quality characteristic positively affected by soil and foliar applications of zinc sulphate was the amount of total soluble solids. Despite the fact that the soil application of zinc sulphate did not have any significant effect on some sugar fractions, the foliar application increased only the fructose and a-glucose significantly. In conclusion, it was established that foliar application of zinc sulphate was slightly more effective on yield as well as some quality characteristics as compared to soil application. Therefore, it was concluded that foliar application could be preferred as it is more economical and easier to apply