The evaluation of efficacy of subtenon triamcinolone injection combined with focal laser photocoagulation in diabetic macular edema

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate efficacyand safety of subtenon triamcinolone (ST) in combinationwith focal laser photocoagulation in diabetic macularedema (DME).Materials and methods: Medical records of patients withDME, treated with 40 mg subtenon injection of triamcinoloneacetonid prior to focal laser photocoagulation wereretrospectively analyzed. Seventeen eyes of 17 patientswith DME were enrolled in the study. All patients underwenta comprehensive ophthalmological examinationbefore the treatment. Efficacy of the treatment after STinjection was evaluated by visual acuity and flouresceinangiography (FA). Follow-up visits were performed at 1st,3rd, 6th and 12th months. Repeated measures ANOVA wasused for statistical analysis.Results: The mean age was 61.5 ± 8.7 years and themean visual acuity in the study eyes was 0.22 ± 0.13 beforethe treatment, 0.39 ± 0.15 at 1st month, 0.36 ± 0.18at 3rd month, 0.33 ± 0.15 at 6th month and 0.34 ± 0.16 at12th month. The differences in the visual acuity before thetreatment and follow-up visits were significant (p ˂0.05).Visual acuity was increased in 13 (%76,4) patients, decreasedin 1 (%5,8) and unchanged in 3 (%17,6).Conclusion: Injection of 40 mg of triamsinolon via subtenonroute combined with focal laser photocoagulation isa safe and beneficial treatment in cases of DM

Capsule contraction syndrome

Capsule contraction syndrome occurs after fibrous metaplasia of lens proteins that leads to capsular bag contraction. Excessive front capsular wrinkling is seen in capsule contraction syndrome and there is an imbalance between powers supplying capsular integrity. This situation leads to zonular weakness. Capsule contraction syndrome is associated with pseudoexfoliation, older age, uveitis, pars planitis and myotonic muscular dystrophy. In order to decrease the risk of capsule contraction syndrome, front capsulerhexis area should be open as 5.5-6 mm diameter and a curysoft intraocular lens should be used. In order to prevent lens epithelial proliferation and metaplasia, lens epithelial cells at inferior surface of front capsule should be aspirated carefully. If postoperative capsular contraction detected, front capsulotomy should be performed by Nd-YAG laser at postoperative 2 to 3 weeks. In patients that Nd-YAG laser is unsuccessful, capsular tension should be decreased by surgical microincisions. In present study, we evaluated etiology, prevention and management of capsule contraction syndrome in the light of actual literature knowledge

Ocular findings in osteoporosis and rheumatismal diseases

Osteoporoz ve romatizmal hastalıklar gözün tüm tabakalarını etkileyen bulgular ile karşımıza çıkmaktadır. Erişkin ve Juvenil Romatoid Artrit, Sjögren Sendromu, Ankilozan Spondilit sıklıkla göz bulguları ile beraberlik gösteren romatizmal hastalıklardır. Göz bulguları sıklıkla sistemik hastalığın semptomlarına öncülük etmektedirler. Bu hastalıklarda en sık olarak üveit, iridosiklit, vitritis, keratit, sklerit, anterior iskemik optik nöropati ve retinal vaskülit gibi oküler inflamasyon bulguları görülmektedir. Oküler inflamasyon hastalığın kendisinden kaynaklanabileceği gibi bu hastalıkların tedavisinde kullanılan ilaçlara bağlı olarak da karşımıza çıkabilmektedir. Bu çalışmada osteoporoz ve en sık göz bulgusu izlenen romatizmal hastalıkların oküler bulguları literatür eşliğinde araştırıldı.Osteoporosis and rheumatismal diseases have some findings that affecting all layers of the eye. Adult and Juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren’s syndrome and ancylosing spondylitis are frequently together with eye symptoms and signs. Eye findings frequently precede the symptoms of systemic disease. Uveitis, iridocyclitis, vitritis, keratitis, scleritis, anterior ischemic optic neuropathy and retinal vasculitis are the most frequent ocular inflammatory findings. Ocular inflammation may be either related to disease process itself, or secondary to anti-inflammatory agents. In present study, in the light of literature review, ocular findings of osteoporosis and rheumatismal diseases that most frequently accompanied by ocular signs were reviewed