Observations On The Current Status Of Internationalizing The Accounting Curriculum: Catalog Evidence

The last quarter century has witnessed the acceleration of the development of the global economy. This on-going development has caused profound changes in the way business is conducted and the skills needed by the executives leading this change.  Recognizing the need to better prepare future corporate executives to function in this global environment, the American Assembly of Collegiate Schools of Business (AACSB), as part of a revision of its accreditation standards, included a curriculum standard requiring business schools to address the international dimension of business.  To aid business schools in addressing this standard, the AACSB joined with the Consortium for International Studies Education to produce resource guides in 1987 for the functional areas of accounting, finance, management, and marketing.  The accounting guide described two approaches that could be used to address the internationalization of the accounting curriculum. The freestanding approach would use a stand-alone international accounting course.  The infusion approach would integrate international topics within other accounting courses.  This paper assesses the extent that the accounting curriculum has been internationalized by reference to evidence obtained from the catalogs of ninety-six universities with AACSB-accredited business programs.  Thirty-seven of these programs showed no catalog disclosure of international content of their accounting courses.  The remaining fifty-nine programs revealed international content in their accounting courses to varying degrees, as discussed in the body of the paper

In God We Trust

This case focuses on fraud and various elements of accounting and fraud examination practices and is appropriate for use in an upper division auditing course. The case is based on a true story only the names have been changed

Fraud Specialists On Independent Audits

The recent audit failures involving Enron, WorldCom, et al., have left the accounting profession and governmental regulators scrambling to find better methods of detecting and preventing fraudulent financial reporting. Congress passed the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (SOX) which requires companies to report on the operating effectiveness of their internal controls over financial reporting.  Additionally, the independent auditor is required to assess and report on the effectiveness of their client’s internal controls, and they must attest to management’s internal control assessment.  Notably absent from SOX is a requirement that independent auditors must employ fraud specialists in their independent audits of SEC filers. This study examines the benefits and costs associated with requiring the use of fraud specialists on independent audits of SEC filers.  Fraud specialists have expertise better attuned to fraud detection not ordinarily possessed by regular auditors.  First, the narrow but deep perspective of the fraud specialist enables them to find fraudulent activity that would be missed by regular auditors.  Second, unlike regular auditors, fraud specialists employ methodologies that are effective in the presence of management collusion.  They are more highly skilled at interviewing potential witnesses and fraud suspects and are trained in recognizing deception.  Third, fraud specialists are better trained in the use of antifraud technology, methods, and computerized forensic accounting software.  Fourth, fraud specialists have superior investigative skills and can conduct covert examinations, access restricted databases, conduct background checks, and locate hidden assets better than regular auditors.  Finally, they understand the legalities of gathering evidence of fraud and can operate without violating the rights of potential witnesses and fraud suspects. Qualitative analysis demonstrates that utilizing fraud specialists on independent audits has positive net benefits to financial reporting.  Recommendations are made regarding the types of fraud detection/deterrence skills and techniques that would be beneficial to independent auditors

Proceedings of the Integrated Ocean Drilling Program. Canterbury Basin Sea Level

[Extract - Foreword] The Integrated Ocean Drilling Program (IODP) is now in the latter half of its decadal program (2003–2013). As envisioned in the Initial Science Plan (ISP), IODP expeditions take advantage of three scientific ocean drilling platforms that enable us to cover unprecedented areas of wide oceans, from ice-covered shallow water to full ocean depths. Drilling miles of depth below seafloor, now part of IODP capabilities, is the major advance from the program predecessors, the Deep Sea Drilling Project and the Ocean Drilling Program. The living Earth is a dynamic system that is continuously evolving. IODP seeks to understand this complex and unique system through scientific ocean drilling, sampling, and experimenting in deep holes, along with advancement of related scientific disciplines. IODP is an international collaboration among scientists and nations with keen aspirations to attain the scientific goals of the ISP. IODP currently includes participating members from 24 nations. The Proceedings present the scientific and engineering results of IODP drilling projects, each designed to better understand the past, present, and future of the Earth system. IODP expeditions begin with scientists who submit research drilling proposals to test new and innovative ideas, then the proposals progress to international scientific advisors (Science Advisory Structure) who nurture, evaluate, rank, and prioritize proposals. Scientists also schedule the science operations, select science party members from scores of international scientists qualified to participate, plan platform operations, ready the drillship, and choose borehole locations. The science party, collectively and individually, conducts science on board and on shore. The co-chief scientists on each expedition are responsible for synthesizing the scientific results as hallmark of expedition. Ocean-drilling achievements help us to understand and interpret phenomena in various parts of the Earth system. Achievements in the two legacy drilling programs have validated the scientific concepts behind plate tectonics, contributed to the understanding of ocean circulation changes, and extended our knowledge of long- and short-term climate change. IODP is truly an expansion and extension of the scientific research conducted by the legacy programs, engaging in cutting-edge research concerning topics of global importance. IODP drilling platform operations are conducted by three Implementing Organizations (IOs). Riserless platform operations are conducted by the U.S. Implementing Organization (USIO), comprising the Consortium for Ocean Leadership, Inc., Texas A&M University through the Texas A&M Research Foundation, and Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University. Riser platform operations are conducted by the Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology through Japan's Center for Deep Earth Exploration in cooperation with the Center for Advanced Marine Core Research at Kochi University. Mission-specific platform operations are conducted by the European Consortium for Ocean Research Drilling (ECORD) Science Operator (ESO), comprising the British Geological Survey, Bremen University, and the European Petrophysics Consortium. The European IO currently represents the ocean-drilling efforts of 16 nations in Europe, plus Canada. The discoveries presented in this volume build upon layers of knowledge and science developed over roughly the last fifty years. Expedition Proceedings are published by IODP Management International for IODP under the sponsorship of the U.S. National Science Foundation (NSF), Japan's Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology, and other IODP members. The material is based upon research supported under Contract OCE-0432224 from NSF

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