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Enzymic polymerization of monosaccharides: I. The enzymic polymerization of d-galactose
The α-galactosidase of fresh brewers' yeast, or a derived acetone powder, is able to polymerize
d-galactose. In a typical experiment galactose was polymerized to the extent of 7.5%, some 60% appearing as 6-
O-α-
d-galactopyranosyl-
d-galactose. Other products included the α-1 → 3-, α-1 → 4-, and α-1 → 5-galactobioses, this being the first synthesis of the last-named compound
The effects of increased inspired oxygen with and without dopamine on lung and diaphragm hydrogen peroxide and apoptosis following hemorrhagic shock
Choosing a problem ? when is Artificial Intelligence appropriate for the retail industry?
Immunohistochemical Localization of Cyclooxygenase Isoforms in the Organ of Corti and the Spiral Ganglion Cells of Guinea Pig Cochlea
Exploration of Mars in the SPICAM-IR experiment onboard the Mars-Express spacecraft: 2. Nadir observations: Simultaneous observations of water vapor and O2 glow in the Martian atmosphere
Propriedades biomecânicas da fáscia lata e do ligamento cruzado cranial de cães Biomechanical properties of canine fascia lata and cranial cruciate ligament
Preparações bilaterais do ligamento cruzado cranial e da fáscia lata de 15 cães foram testadas na máquina Instron, modelo 4482. Os animais, de ambos os sexos, idade entre um e quatro anos, pesavam em média 11,80 ± 1,99kg. Os retalhos de fáscia lata foram testados retilÃneos e torcidos e o ligamento cruzado cranial foi testado mantendo um ângulo de 135° entre a tÃbia e o fêmur e 0°, 15° de rotação externa e 15° de rotação interna da tÃbia em relação ao fêmur. A velocidade dos testes de tração foi de 8,47mm por segundo. A força máxima dos retalhos de fáscia lata foi aproximadamente de 290 Newtons, e a tensão máxima, 28 Megapascal. A torção não influenciou na resistência dos retalhos de fáscia lata. A rotação externa e interna da tÃbia de 15º também não influenciou na força máxima do ligamento cruzado cranial, que foi aproximadamente de 660 Newtons, nem na tensão máxima, que foi cerca de 75 Megapascal. Os retalhos de fáscia lata apresentaram 44% da força máxima e 37% da tensão máxima do ligamento, no entanto, os retalhos torcidos mostraram maior deformação do que os retalhos retilÃneos, alcançando cerca de 70% da deformação do ligamento, sendo essa forma a mais indicada na substituição do ligamento cruzado cranial.<br>Bilateral preparations of fascia lata and cranial cruciate ligament from 15 dogs were tested in Instron machine, model 4482. Dogs were from both sexes, between one and four years of age and weighing in average about 11.80 ± 1.99kg. Fascia lata strips were tested straight and twisted and the cranial cruciate ligaments were tested with an angle of 135° between the femur and tibia and 0°, 15° of external tibial rotation and 15° of internal tibial rotation in relation to femur. The traction test velocity was 8.47mm per second. The maximum force of fascia lata strips was of approximately 290 Newtons and the maximum stress, 28 Megapascal. Similar results of strength and stress properties were found for the strips of fascia lata straight and twisted, although twisted strips presented a higher deformation than straight ones. External and internal tibial rotation did not influence the maximum force and maximum stress of the cranial cruciate ligament, that were of about 660 Newtons and 75 Megapascal, respectively. Fascia lata strips reached 44% of ligaments maximum force and 37% of maximum strain, and twisted strips reached 70% of ligaments maximum deformation, deserving straight strips to be recommended for cranial cruciate ligament substitution in dogs