Choice, Voice, and Agency : A Photovoice Study Exploring Multiple Means of Expression as Inclusive Pedagogy

Pedagogy that centers primarily on oral and written language significantly limits the educational progress of students with disabilities because it may not regularly afford them opportunities to express what they have learned. It stands to reason that increased opportunities for expression through multiple ways or modes of meaning-making will lead to greater expressivity for all students. This research study documents, examines, and helps support five general and special education teachers’ learning of pedagogical practices that foster increased opportunities for expression of learning with respect to students with disabilities in elementary and middle school (grades 3-7) classrooms. I use photovoice research methodology in which participants took photographs of and shared stories about their regular classroom practice with other participants. Photovoice allows participants to simultaneously grapple with the relationship between perceptions of disability and pedagogical decision-making while designing, implementing, and reflecting on more inclusive practices for students with disabilities. The findings from this study demonstrate that teachers understanding of and practices concerning increased expression for students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms is the result of a localized discourse (Newark, NJ) situated within broader national Discourses related to literacy and disability. The study’s design forefronts the potential of multimodal expression as evidenced by teachers’ own expressions of learning and their descriptions of opportunities offered to students for expression of learning through multiple arts media and modalities. This study adds to the field of inclusive pedagogy by documenting teachers’ ideas, action, and reflection about connections between literacy and disability paradigms and practice as it relates to teaching practice for students with disabilities in inclusive classrooms

Renovation of the Former School Complex "Antonio Pacinotti", Pontedera (Pisa)

IT: Il contributo raccoglie riflessioni, metodi e risultati del laboratorio intensivo di progettazione svoltosi a Pontedera, Pisa (05.06.2014 e 04-06.07.2014), per la raccolta di proposte per tre aree municipali in attesa di sviluppo tra cui il complesso scolastico dell’ex I.P.S.I.A.«A.Pacinotti» redatto da Stefanos Antoniadis, Antonio Camporeale e Pina Ciotoli. EN: The paper gathers ideas, methods and results of the intensive design workshop held in Pontedera, Pisa (05.06.2014 and 04-06.07.2014), for the collection of proposals for three municipal areas awaiting urban regeneration, including the former school complex « A.Pacinotti» by Stefanos Antoniadis, Antonio Camporeale and Pina Ciotoli

Mapping and quantifying CO2 leakage using the Ground CO2 Mapper

The standard method for mapping and quantifying CO2 leakage flux from the ground surface to the atmosphere involves performing numerous point flux measurements using the accumulation chamber technique and then applying geostatistical interpolation to infer spatial distribution and estimate total mass transfer. Monte Carlo simulations using the program MCFlux have recently demonstrated, however, that uncertainty in the resultant estimate can be large if the chosen sample spacing is insufficient to capture the spatial complexity and size distribution of the leakage anomalies. In an effort to reduce this uncertainty we have developed a new tool, called the Ground CO2 Mapper, that rapidly measures the concentration of CO2 at the ground surface as a proxy for flux. Recently published results have illustrated the capabilities of the Mapper in terms of sensitivity and spatial resolution, as well as possible influencing parameters such as wind strength. The present work examines the potential of combining Mapper results with point flux measurements (using multivariate geostatistics) to improve data interpretation, with the MCFlux program being used once again to assess uncertainty in the final estimates

Post covid Rome: “Being in the world” and urban metabolism. Post covid Roma: “Ser-en el mundo” y metabolismo urbano

This paper aims to propose a reflection on how the city of Rome is reacting to the social and urban consequences caused by the pandemic situation. Starting from the analysis of urban densification and hyper-densification –and their correlations with globalism– the paper also intends to underline a broader phenomenon linked to the progressive “abandonment” of large cities. In fact, the pandemic phenomenon risks catalyzing two trends currently at an embryonic stage in Italy, generating a scenario with uncertain consequences: on the one hand, the loss of urban attractiveness could suggest a progressive “abandonment” of large cities; on the other hand, cities may have to deal with the need to stop sprawl phenomena and promote greater densification of the urban perimeter. Furthermore, the pandemic is showing how, at the base of the emergency, there is a problem of spaces and that beyond the social distancing, which will end as the contagion began, it will be the architect’s task to help the community to overcome the memory of the trauma experienced, leading to a greater awareness of taking care of spaces and urban metabolism.Este trabajo pretende proponer una reflexión sobre cómo está reaccionando la ciudad de Roma ante las consecuencias sociales y urbanas provocadas por la situación de pandemia. Partiendo del análisis de la densificación y la hiperdensificación urbanas -y de sus correlaciones con el globalismo-, el documento pretende también subrayar un fenómeno más amplio vinculado al progresivo “abandono” de las grandes ciudades. De hecho, el fenómeno de la pandemia corre el riesgo de catalizar dos tendencias actualmente en fase embrionaria en Italia, generando un escenario de consecuencias inciertas: por un lado, la pérdida de atractivo urbano podría sugerir un progresivo “abandono” de las grandes ciudades; por otro, las ciudades podrían tener que enfrentarse a la necesidad de frenar los fenómenos de dispersión y promover una mayor densificación del perímetro urbano. Además, la pandemia está mostrando cómo, en la base de la emergencia, hay un problema de espacios y que más allá del distanciamiento social, que acabará como empezó el contagio, será tarea del arquitecto ayudar a la comunidad a superar la memoria del trauma vivido, lo que llevará a una mayor conciencia de cuidado de los espacios y del metabolismo urbano

Non-volcanic CO2 and CH4 degassing in an actively extending orogen, southern Apennines, Italy

The southern Apennines fold and thrust belt has been undergoing post-orogenic extension since ca. 700 kyr. Crustal extension controls active tectonics and seismogenesis in the mountain chain [1], with seismicity being characterized by low to moderate magnitude events punctuated by strong earthquakes [2]. Effective decoupling between deep and shallow structural levels is related to the strong rheological contrast produced by a fluid-saturated, clay-rich mélange zone interposed between buried autochthonous carbonates – continuous with those exposed in the Apulian foreland – and the allochthonous units. This mélange zone also acts as a seal preventing the migration of deep-seated aqueous fluids – as well as oil in the Basilicata region, which hosts the largest Europe’s onshore oil fields – towards the surface. On the other hand, the mountain belt is characterized by substantial gas flow, recorded as both distributed soil gas emissions and vigorous gas vents, associated with active faults at the surface. We measured a CO2 flux up to 34000 g/m-2 per day at a gas vent, as well as large amounts of He (up to 52 ppm), Rn (up to 228 kBq/m3) and CH4 (up to 5000 ppm). Overpressured CO2, which has been proposed as triggering normal fault earthquakes in the Apennines, has been interpreted as mostly of mantle origin. However, our new results from isotope analyses carried out on the carbon contained in both CO2 and CH4 indicate a dominant thermogenic origin for these gases, probably associated with the emplacement of magmatic sills within the lower section of the thick carbonate platform succession occurring at the base of the sedimentary cover in the southern Apennines. Our results bear major implication concerning the postulated occurrence of crustal faults allowing fluids to migrate directly from mantle depths to the surface

Geostatistical analysis for the assessment of rare gas soil distribution in detecting concealed faults: the Ofanto clay basin

An integrated geochemical, morphological and structural analysis was applied to a clay basin in Southern Italy (Ofanto valley) to delineate tectonic features. the resulting distribution of previous soil-gas surveys (helium and radon) and the location and orientation of field-observed brittle deformations (faults and fractures) were compared with air-photo interpreted morphotectonic features. The results show that the highest helium and radon values occur preferentially along elongated features shown by mesostructural and geomorphological analyses, i.e. anti-Apennine, Apennine and, secondarily, N-S orientations. Furthermore, the application of geostatistical techniques in a testing area has enhanced the semi-quantitative evaluation of this anisotropic soil-gas distribution (linked to the gas-bearing properties of the local brittle deformations). The correspondence between soil-gas distribution and mesostructural/geomorphological features, as well as the results from the geostatistical analysis, suggest that gas leakage towards the surface is controlled by the same structural pattern which created some morphological features. Geostatistical analysis of the geochemical data combined with the other geological techniques has been shown to improve the interpretation of soil-gas results for neotectonic studies in clay basins where tectonic discontinuities have no surface expression

Gridded maps of geological methane emissions and their isotopic signature

Methane (CH4) is a powerful greenhouse gas, whose natural and anthropogenic emissions contribute ∼20&thinsp;% to global radiative forcing. Its atmospheric budget (sources and sinks), however, has large uncertainties. Inverse modelling, using atmospheric CH4 trends, spatial gradients and isotopic source signatures, has recently improved the major source estimates and their spatial–temporal variation. Nevertheless, isotopic data lack CH4 source representativeness for many sources, and their isotopic signatures are affected by incomplete knowledge of the spatial distribution of some sources, especially those related to fossil (radiocarbon-free) and microbial gas. This gap is particularly wide for geological CH4 (geo-CH4) seepage, i.e. the natural degassing of hydrocarbons from the Earth's crust. While geological seepage is widely considered a major source of atmospheric CH4, it has been largely neglected in 3-D inverse CH4 budget studies given the lack of detailed a priori gridded emission maps. Here, we report for the first time global gridded maps of geological CH4 sources, including emission and isotopic data. The 1∘×1∘ maps include the four main categories of natural geo-CH4 emission: (a) onshore hydrocarbon macro-seeps, including mud volcanoes, (b) submarine (offshore) seeps, (c) diffuse microseepage and (d) geothermal manifestations. An inventory of point sources and area sources was developed for each category, defining areal distribution (activity), CH4 fluxes (emission factors) and its stable C isotope composition (δ13C-CH4). These parameters were determined considering geological factors that control methane origin and seepage (e.g. petroleum fields, sedimentary basins, high heat flow regions, faults, seismicity). The global geo-source map reveals that the regions with the highest CH4 emissions are all located in the Northern Hemisphere, in North America, in the Caspian region, in Europe and in the East Siberian Arctic Shelf. The globally gridded CH4 emission estimate (37&thinsp;Tg&thinsp;yr−1 exclusively based on data and modelling specifically targeted for gridding, and 43–50&thinsp;Tg&thinsp;yr−1 when extrapolated to also account for onshore and submarine seeps with no location specific measurements available) is compatible with published ranges derived using top-down and bottom-up procedures. Improved activity and emission factor data allowed previously published mud volcanoes and microseepage emission estimates to be refined. The emission-weighted global mean δ13C-CH4 source signature of all geo-CH4 source categories is about −49&thinsp;‰. This value is significantly lower than those attributed so far in inverse studies to fossil fuel sources (−44&thinsp;‰) and geological seepage (−38&thinsp;‰). It is expected that using this updated, more 13C-depleted, isotopic signature in atmospheric modelling will increase the top-down estimate of the geological CH4 source. The geo-CH4 emission grid maps can now be used to improve atmospheric CH4 modelling, thereby improving the accuracy of the fossil fuel and microbial components. Grid csv (comma-separated values) files are available at https://doi.org/10.25925/4j3f-he27.</p

Gas migration along fault systems and through the vadose zone in the Latera caldera (central Italy): Implications for CO2 geological storage

A clear and detailed understanding of gas migration mechanisms from depth to ground surface is fundamental to choose the best locations for C02 geological storage sites, to engineer them so that they do not leak, and to select the most appropriate monitoring strategy and tools to guarantee public safety. Natural test sites (or "natural analogues") provide the best opportunity to study migration mechanisms, as they incorporate such issues as scale, long-time system evolution, and interacting variables that cannot be adequately addressed with laboratory studies or computer models. To this end the present work examines the migration to surface of deep, naturally produced C02 along various buried and exposed faults in the Latera caldera (central Italy) by integrating structural geology and near-surface gas geochemistry surveys. Results show how gas migration is channelled along discrete, high -permeability pathways within the faults, with release typically occurring from spatially restricted gas vents. Size, distribution, and strength of these vents appear to be controlled by the evolution and deformation style of the fault, which is in turn linked to the rheology of the lithological units cut by the fault. As such gas migration can change drastically along strike. Gas migration in the vadose zone around these vents is also discussed, focussing on how the physical-chemical characteristics of various species (C02, CH4, and He) control their spatial distribution and eventual release to the atmosphere. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Indoor Radon Surveying and Mitigation in the Case-Study of Celleno Town (Central Italy) Located in a Medium Geogenic Radon Potential Area

Indoor radon surveying and remediation were implemented in a single-family home affected by high levels of indoor radon in the Celleno municipality (central Italy) with the aim of identifying the contribution of radon sources, evaluating the factors affecting radon entry into the building, and reducing radon risk. Average radon levels were relatively low at the ground floor (286 ± 202 Bq m−3) and first floor (167 ± 84 Bq m−3) in autumn when the temperature was still warm and the windows were open, but increased up to 2776 ± 1768 Bq m−3 and 970 ± 202 Bq m−3 in the first half of December, when the heating system was on and the windows were closed. The inner walls of the pilot room at the ground floor, semi buried on one side, were then treated with a waterproof product (a silane terminated polymer) and the average radon was halved (1475 ± 1092 Bq m−3) in the following month, which was still characterised by winter conditions. Radon entry in the room was identified and sealed with the same product, and a radon accumulation space behind a NE-SW oriented wall was naturally ventilated, reducing radon below the reference level in April with northerly winds conditions