Massless scalar free Field in 1+1 dimensions I: Weyl algebras Products and Superselection Sectors

This is the first of two papers on the superselection sectors of the conformal model in the title, in a time zero formulation. A classification of the sectors of the net of observables as restrictions of solitonic (twisted) and non-solitonic (untwisted) sector automorphisms of proper extensions of the observable net is given. All of them are implemented by the elements of a field net in a non-regular vacuum representation and the existence of a global compact Abelian gauge group is proved. A non-trivial center in the fixed-point net of this gauge group appears, but in an unphysical representation and reducing to the identity in the physical one. The completeness of the described superselection structure, to which the second paper is devoted, is shown in terms of Roberts' net cohomology. Some general features of physical field models defined by twisted cross products of Weyl algebras in non-regular representations are also presented.Comment: published final versio

The constitutional consequences of financial crisis and the use of emergency powers. flexibility and emergency sources

Analisys of transformation of norms and sources (i.e. Constituttions) during periods of crisis and emergenc

The new challenge of constitutional Courts. global markets, terrorism, and immigration. the itaian case

the new challenge of constitutional courts is take into considerations both rights and powers , national protctions and immigrations flows. the deep problem is to extend the national guarantee to the non citoyens people

Causal posets, loops and the construction of nets of local algebras for QFT

We provide a model independent construction of a net of C*-algebras satisfying the Haag-Kastler axioms over any spacetime manifold. Such a net, called the net of causal loops, is constructed by selecting a suitable base K encoding causal and symmetry properties of the spacetime. Considering K as a partially ordered set (poset) with respect to the inclusion order relation, we define groups of closed paths (loops) formed by the elements of K. These groups come equipped with a causal disjointness relation and an action of the symmetry group of the spacetime. In this way the local algebras of the net are the group C*-algebras of the groups of loops, quotiented by the causal disjointness relation. We also provide a geometric interpretation of a class of representations of this net in terms of causal and covariant connections of the poset K. In the case of the Minkowski spacetime, we prove the existence of Poincar\'e covariant representations satisfying the spectrum condition. This is obtained by virtue of a remarkable feature of our construction: any Hermitian scalar quantum field defines causal and covariant connections of K. Similar results hold for the chiral spacetime $S^1$ with conformal symmetry

Il Senato della riforma tra forma e sostanza

Il bicameralismo permette un dialogo continuo tra le due Camere e permette al PArlamento di usufruire di unamigliora attività di controllo e di qualità della legisalzione, ma soprattutto di integrare la rappresentanza. Quest'ultima funzione è assai rilevante nelle società pluraliste ma fortemente frammentate. L'inserimento nella seconda camera di una rapresentanza differenziata può consolidare quella benefica tensione tra unità e complessità che sono alla base del modello di democrazia pluralista.The most important function of bicameralism is a different representation in two chambers. this is importan for a democratic pluralism. The italian reforme does not have as goal this type of pluralism and the role of second chamber is weak

Some contributions of Hegel's phenomenology of spirit to think the connection between the state and the social movements in Latin America

En el presente artículo se realiza un análisis de la conceptualización del sujeto que Hegel desarrolla en la Fenomenología del Espíritu. A partir de cuatro ejes analíticos que se desprenden de su obra, se focaliza en las principales rupturas filosóficas que brindan elementos significativos para redefinir el concepto de Estado (que luego el autor retoma en los Principios de la Filosofía del Derecho). A partir de dicha reformulación en el modo de comprender al sujeto y al Estado, se realiza una interpretación acerca de las nuevas relaciones que se establecen entre Estados y movimientos sociales en los actuales procesos sociopolíticos de América Latina, caracterizados por la impugnación del paradigma neoliberal. La interpretación que aquí se propone se inscribe en el contexto de debates actuales que problematizan en torno a la dimensión política de lo social y a la complejidad con la que los movimientos sociales asumen su autonomía y sus tensiones, conflictos y acuerdos con gobiernos que canalizan un conjunto de demandas y reivindicaciones populares.The following article analysis the Hegel understanding of subject in Phenomenology of mind. Taking into account four analytical axes of his work, the present article focusses in mains philosofical brakes that give elements to think the concept of State (wich the author reintroduced in Premises of Law´s Philosophy). From the above mentioned reformulation in the way of undestand the subject and the State, this article interprets the new relationship between States and social movements in current social and political processes of Latin America, wich challenge neo-liberal paradigm. This interpretation is involved in current debates about de political side of social process and about the way that social movements assume their autonomy and their tensions, conflicts and agreements with governments that take into account popular requierements

La riforma del titolo v e il contenzioso di fronte alla corte costituzionale

SOMMARIO: 1. Premessa; 2. La genesi del nuovo Titolo V; 3. Le nuove forme di differenziazione (estese alle Regioni a statuto speciale); 4. Il riassetto delle competenze legislative e il tentativo di riduzione del contenzioso attraverso l’accentramento delle competenze in capo allo Stato; 5. L’elenco di materie, la potestà legislativa esclusiva dello Stato e il possibile aumento del contenzioso; 6. La dissoluzione della potestà legislativa concorrente? Tra mistificazione e realtà; 7. Le disposizioni generali e comuni come nuova potestà concorrente?; 8. La clausola di supremazia e la sua eventuale giustiziabilità; 9. Lo strano mantenimento delle funzioni amministrative: il 118 Cost. resta inalterato laddove tutto intorno cambia...; 10. L’art 119 Cost.: come le modifiche già apportate con L. cost 1/2012 pesino sulla riforma attuale; 11. Considerazioni conclusive