Technology and Urban Management. Semiannual Report, October 1, 1967 through March 31, 1968

The projects under Technology and Urban Management (TAUM) have continued during the last few months with considerable success. The individual studies conducted in the City of Oakland and the progress made are described in this report

The Politics of Openness

Recently, openness has become a new approach in strategizing as ownership and control of internal assets are no longer vital to achieving competitive advantage (Chesbrough & Appleyard, 2007). Nowadays, knowledge is widespread and open systems are generally regarded as beneficial in terms of organizational design and work culture. However, openness also comes with politics and it is not a practice that will necessarily be welcomed by all. Openness changes the power dynamics within an organization; there are critics as well as friends, as we shall explore. Openness is a process that can change over time, becoming more or less open as events occur and contingencies or actors change. We are interested in how dominant organizational actors can seemingly manipulate ‘open systems' strategically

Contabilidade: a cibernética empresarial

A empresa pode ser vista como um sistema aberto capaz de trocar energia com seu ambiente ou, mais modernamente, como um sistema eminentemente social. A compreensão de um sistema não pode ser obtida apenas através da análise; estudá-lo cientificamente é descobrir, sobretudo, o inter-relacionamento entre as partes. Profissões e empregos de análise de sistemas, engenharia de sistemas surgiram como decorrência do enfoque sistêmico. A teoria moderna das organizações passa pela discussão da Teoria Geral dos Sistemas, que acaba sendo uma maneira inteligível de estudar uma organização. Outra repercussão decorrente do enfoque sistêmico é a interdisciplinaridade.(abordagem adequada ao estudo e compreensão da função contábil, pois esta é resultado direto dos modelos de decisão utilizados por seus usuários). A informação contábil pode contribuir para a percepção e compreensão das entidades empresariais modernas como entes sistêmicos, objeto de interesse de vários grupos sociais.The company can be seen as an open system capable of exchanging energy with its environment, but, in a modern view, as an eminently social system. The understanding of a system cannot be obtained through analysis. To study it scientifically means to discover, above all, the interrelationship between the parts. System analysis professions and jobs, system engineering arose as a result of the systemic focus. Modern organizational theory goes through the discussion of General Systemic Theory, which ends up being an intelligible way of studying an organization. Another repercussion that results from the systemic focus is interdisciplinariness. This is an adequate approach to the study and understanding of the accounting function, because it is a direct result of the decision models used by its users. Accounting information can contribute to the perception and comprehension of modern company entities as systemic beings, which is an object that interests different social groups

On recognizing and formulating mathematical problems

When mathematics is used to help people cope with real-life situations, a three-stage intellectual process is involved. First, a person becomes aware of a problem-situation which stimulates him to generate a problem-statement, a verbal story-problem. This may be in writing, expressed orally, or merely thought and evidenced by other behavior. Second, he transforms the verbal problem-statement into a mathematical formulation. Third, he analyzes this mathematically stated problem into subproblems to which the solution is more immediate.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/43864/1/11251_2004_Article_BF00052419.pd

Social identity and the recognition of creativity in groups

Authors' draft; final version published in British Journal of Social Psychology, 45, 479-497This paper develops an analysis of creativity that is informed by the social identity approach. Two studies are reported that support this analysis. Study 1 (N=73) manipulated social identity salience and the content of group norms. The group norm was either conservative (i.e. promoted no change) or progressive (i.e. promoted change). When social identity was salient and the group norm was conservative, a non-novel proposal was perceived to be more creative. Study 2 (N=63) manipulated social norms and identity relevance. Results showed that while social norms influenced perceptions of creativity, identity relevance influenced positivity but not perceptions of creativity. These findings support the idea that perceptions of creativity are grounded in the normative content of group membership and self-categorization processes

The nuclear RNA polymerase II surveillance system targets polymerase III transcripts

The exosome and Trf4/5–Air1/2–Mtr4 polyadenylation (TRAMP) complexes together with the Nrd1–Nab3 RNA-binding heterodimer have an important role in RNA surveillance. Here, the global analysis of Nrd1, Nab3 and Trf4 binding sites identifies targets for the nuclear surveillance system, including mRNAs, ncRNAs and RNA polymerase III transcripts

‘Outside the original remit’: co-production in UK mental health research, lessons from the field

The aim of this discursive paper was to explore the development of co-productio nand service user involvement in UK university-based mental health research and to offer practicalrecommendations for practitioners co-producing research with service users and survivors,informed by an overview of the key literature on co-production in mental health and from acritical reflection on applied research throu gh the medium of a case study. The paper is co-writtenby a mental health nurse academic and a service user/survivor researcher academic. The authorsargue that the implications of co-production for mental health research remain underexplored, butthat both the practitioner and service user/survivor resea rcher experience and perspective of co-production in research can provide practical reflections to inform developing research practice.The theories and values of emancipatory research can provide a framework from which bothpractitioners and service users can work together on a research project, in a way that requiresreflection on process and power dynamics. The authors conclude that whilst co-producedinvestigations can offer unique opportunities for advancing emancipatory and applied research inmental health, practitioner researchers need to be more radical in their consid eration of power inthe research process. [Abstract copyright: © 2018 Australian College of Mental Health Nurses Inc.

Phenomenon-based research in management and organisation science: When is it rigorous and does it matter?

Recently, the editors of Long Range Planning called for more phenomenon-based research. Such research focuses on identifying and reporting on new or recent phenomena of interest and relevance to management and organisation science. In this article, we explore the nature of phenomenon-based research and develop a research strategy that provides guidelines for researchers seeking to make this type of scientific inquiry rigorous and relevant. Phenomenon-based research establishes and describes the empirical facts and constructs that enable scientific inquiry to proceed. An account of the study of open source software development illustrates the research strategy. Rigorous phenomenon-based research tackles problems that are relevant to management practice and fall outside the scope of available theories. Phenomenon-based research also bridges epistemological and disciplinary divides because it unites diverse scholars around their shared interest in the phenomenon and their joint engagement in the research activities: identification, exploration, design, theorising and synthesis