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Violence by clients towards female prostitutes in different work settings: questionnaire survey
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Mechanical Design of a High Energy Beam Absorber for the Advanced Superconducting Test Accelerator (ASTA) at Fermilab
A high energy beam absorber has been built for the Advanced Superconducting
Test Accelerator (ASTA) at Fermilab. In the facility's initial configuration,
an electron beam will be accelerated through 3 TTF-type or ILC-type RF
cryomodules to an energy of 750MeV. The electron beam will be directed to one
of multiple downstream experimental and diagnostic beam lines and then
deposited in one of two beam absorbers. The facility is designed to accommodate
up to 6 cryomodules, which would produce a 75kW beam at 1.5GeV; this is the
driving design condition for the beam absorbers. The beam absorbers consist of
water-cooled graphite, aluminum and copper layers contained in a Helium-filled
enclosure. This paper describes the mechanical implementation of the beam
absorbers, with a focus on thermal design and analysis. In addition, the
potential for radiation-induced degradation of the graphite is discussed.Comment: 3 pp. 3rd International Particle Accelerator Conference (IPAC 2012)
20-25 May 2012. New Orleans, Louisian
Serum N-Terminal Type III Procollagen Propeptide: An Indicator of Growth Hormone Excess and Response to Treatment in Feline Hypersomatotropism
BACKGROUND: Nâterminal type III procollagen propeptide (PIIINP) is a biomarker of soft tissue proliferation. Hypersomatotropism (HS) is associated with soft tissue proliferation. HYPOTHESIS: Serum PIIINP is increased in cats with HS and decreases with effective treatment, and may be an additional tool in the diagnosis and treatment of feline HS. ANIMALS: Cats with uncomplicated diabetes mellitus (DM; n = 30) and with HSâinduced DM (HSDM; n = 30). Preâ and posttreatment samples were available from 5 cats undergoing radiotherapy (RT) and 16 cats undergoing hypophysectomy (HPX). METHODS: Retrospective and prospective crossâsectional study. Analytical performance of a serum PIIINP ELISA was assessed and validated for use in cats. PIIINP and insulinâlike growth factor 1 (IGFâ1) radioimmunoassays (RIA) were performed preâ and postâtreatment in cats with DM and HSDM. PIIINP and IGFâ1 were compared between cats treated by RT and HPX. RESULTS: Serum PIIINP concentrations were significantly higher (P < .001) in HSDM cats (median, 19.6 ng/mL; range, 1.7â27.9) compared to DM cats (median, 5.0 ng/mL; range, 2.1â10.4). A cutâoff of 10.5 ng/mL allowed differentiation between DM and HSDM cats with 87% sensitivity and 100% specificity (area under the curve [AUC], 0.91; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82â1). After RT, PIIINP increased significantly (P = .043) with no significant change in IGFâ1 concentrations. After HPX, serum PIIINP (P = .034) and IGFâ1 concentrations (P < .001) decreased significantly. CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: PIIINP concentrations are increased in cats with untreated HSDM compared to those with DM, demonstrating the effect of excess GH on soft tissue. PIIINP concentrations decreased after HPX in most HSDM cats
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