433 research outputs found
-like emerging -softness in Kr
Recently the interacting bosom model with higher-order interactions
was proposed by one of the authors, wherein unexpected -softness can be
emerged in this new model. This stimulates further discussion on the
connections of the new -softness and the realistic -soft
nuclei. In this paper, -like -softness arises when the
fourth-order interaction is considered. And the
corresponding transitional behaviors are similar to that from the limit
to the limit in previous IBM-1, which provides a novel perspective for
understanding the new model. Low-lying spectra, values between the
low-lying states and quadrupole moment of the first state are
investigated. Experimental data of the -like nucleus Kr are
compared with the calculated theoretical results, where the calculated
low-lying level energies and the associated values fit very well with
the experimental data
When Does Relay Transmission Give a More Secure Connection in Wireless Ad Hoc Networks?
Relay transmission can enhance coverage and throughput, while it can be
vulnerable to eavesdropping attacks due to the additional transmission of the
source message at the relay. Thus, whether or not one should use relay
transmission for secure communication is an interesting and important problem.
In this paper, we consider the transmission of a confidential message from a
source to a destination in a decentralized wireless network in the presence of
randomly distributed eavesdroppers. The source-destination pair can be
potentially assisted by randomly distributed relays. For an arbitrary relay, we
derive exact expressions of secure connection probability for both colluding
and non-colluding eavesdroppers. We further obtain lower bound expressions on
the secure connection probability, which are accurate when the eavesdropper
density is small. By utilizing these lower bound expressions, we propose a
relay selection strategy to improve the secure connection probability. By
analytically comparing the secure connection probability for direct
transmission and relay transmission, we address the important problem of
whether or not to relay and discuss the condition for relay transmission in
terms of the relay density and source-destination distance. These analytical
results are accurate in the small eavesdropper density regime.Comment: Accepted for publication in IEEE Transactions On Information
Forensics and Securit
Temperature and Development Impacts on Housekeeping Gene Expression in Cowpea Aphid, \u3cem\u3eAphis craccivora\u3c/em\u3e (Hemiptera: Aphidiae)
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a powerful technique to quantify gene expression. To standardize gene expression studies and obtain more accurate qRT-PCR analysis, normalization relative to consistently expressed housekeeping genes (HKGs) is required. In this study, ten candidate HKGs including elongation factor 1 α (EF1A), ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11), ribosomal protein L14 (RPL14), ribosomal protein S8 (RPS8), ribosomal protein S23 (RPS23), NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase (NADH), vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (ATPase), heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), 18S ribosomal RNA (18S), and 12S ribosomal RNA (12S) from the cowpea aphid, Aphis craccivora Koch were selected. Four algorithms, geNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method were employed to evaluate the expression profiles of these HKGs as endogenous controls across different developmental stages and temperature regimes. Based on RefFinder, which integrates all four analytical algorithms to compare and rank the candidate HKGs, RPS8, RPL14, and RPL11 were the three most stable HKGs across different developmental stages and temperature conditions. This study is the first step to establish a standardized qRT-PCR analysis in A. craccivora following the MIQE guideline. Results from this study lay a foundation for the genomics and functional genomics research in this sap-sucking insect pest with substantial economic impact
Selection of Reference Genes for Expression Analysis Using Quantitative Real-Time PCR in the Pea Aphid, \u3cem\u3eAcyrthosiphon pisum\u3c/em\u3e (Harris) (Hemiptera, Aphidiae)
To facilitate gene expression study and obtain accurate qRT-PCR analysis, normalization relative to stable expressed housekeeping genes is required. In this study, expression profiles of 11 candidate reference genes, including actin (Actin), elongation factor 1 α (EF1A), TATA-box-binding protein (TATA), ribosomal protein L12 (RPL12), β-tubulin (Tubulin), NADH dehydrogenase (NADH), vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase B (SDHB), 28S ribosomal RNA (28S), 16S ribosomal RNA (16S), and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S) from the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, under different developmental stages and temperature conditions, were investigated. A total of four analytical tools, geNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method, were used to evaluate the suitability of these genes as endogenous controls. According to RefFinder, a web-based software tool which integrates all four above-mentioned algorithms to compare and rank the reference genes, SDHB, 16S, and NADH were the three most stable house-keeping genes under different developmental stages and temperatures. This work is intended to establish a standardized qRT-PCR protocol in pea aphid and serves as a starting point for the genomics and functional genomics research in this emerging insect model
Stably Expressed Housekeeping Genes across Developmental Stages in the Two-Spotted Spider Mite, \u3cem\u3eTetranychus urticae\u3c/em\u3e
Quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) is a reliable and reproducible technique for measuring mRNA expression. To facilitate gene expression studies and obtain more accurate qRT-PCR analysis, normalization relative to stable housekeeping genes is mandatory. In this study, ten housekeeping genes, including beta-actin (Actin), elongation factor 1 α (EF1A), glyceralde hyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH), ribosomal protein L13 (RPL13), ribosomal protein 49 (RP49), α-tubulin (Tubulin), vacuolar-type H+-ATPase (v-ATPase), succinate dehydrogenase subunit A (SDHA) , 28S ribosomal RNA (28S), and 18S ribosomal RNA (18S) from the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae, were selected as the candidate reference genes. Four algorithms, geNorm, Normfinder, BestKeeper, and the ΔCt method, were used to evaluate the performance of these candidates as endogenous controls across different developmental stages. In addition, RefFinder, which integrates the above-mentioned software tools, provided the overall ranking of the stability/suitability of these candidate reference genes. Among them, PRL13 and v-ATPase were the two most stable housekeeping genes across different developmental stages. This work is the first step toward establishing a standardized qRT-PCR analysis in T. urticae following the MIQE guideline. With the recent release of the T. urticae genome, results from this study provide a critical piece for the subsequent genomics and functional genomics research in this emerging model system
METS-Based Cataloging Toolkit for Digital Library Management System
This toolkit is designed for the Digital Library Management System of Tsinghua University (TH-DLMS). The aim of TH-DLMS is to build up a platform to preserve various kinds of digitalized resources, manage distributed repositories and provide kinds of service for research and education. This toolkit fulfills the cataloging and preservation functions of TH-DLMS. METS (Metadata Encoding and T ransmission Standard) encoded documents are used as the final storage format of metadata, including descriptive metadata, structural metadata and administrative metadata, and submitted to a management system based on Fedora (Flexible Extensible Digital Object and Repository Architecture)
BEDRF: Bidirectional Edge Diffraction Response Function for Interactive Sound Propagation
We introduce bidirectional edge diffraction response function (BEDRF), a new
approach to model wave diffraction around edges with path tracing. The
diffraction part of the wave is expressed as an integration on path space, and
the wave-edge interaction is expressed using only the localized information
around points on the edge similar to a bidirectional scattering distribution
function (BSDF) for visual rendering. For an infinite single wedge, our model
generates the same result as the analytic solution. Our approach can be easily
integrated into interactive geometric sound propagation algorithms that use
path tracing to compute specular and diffuse reflections. Our resulting
propagation algorithm can approximate complex wave propagation phenomena
involving high-order diffraction, and is able to handle dynamic, deformable
objects and moving sources and listeners. We highlight the performance of our
approach in different scenarios to generate smooth auralization
Boosting Multi-modal Model Performance with Adaptive Gradient Modulation
While the field of multi-modal learning keeps growing fast, the deficiency of
the standard joint training paradigm has become clear through recent studies.
They attribute the sub-optimal performance of the jointly trained model to the
modality competition phenomenon. Existing works attempt to improve the jointly
trained model by modulating the training process. Despite their effectiveness,
those methods can only apply to late fusion models. More importantly, the
mechanism of the modality competition remains unexplored. In this paper, we
first propose an adaptive gradient modulation method that can boost the
performance of multi-modal models with various fusion strategies. Extensive
experiments show that our method surpasses all existing modulation methods.
Furthermore, to have a quantitative understanding of the modality competition
and the mechanism behind the effectiveness of our modulation method, we
introduce a novel metric to measure the competition strength. This metric is
built on the mono-modal concept, a function that is designed to represent the
competition-less state of a modality. Through systematic investigation, our
results confirm the intuition that the modulation encourages the model to rely
on the more informative modality. In addition, we find that the jointly trained
model typically has a preferred modality on which the competition is weaker
than other modalities. However, this preferred modality need not dominate
others. Our code will be available at
https://github.com/lihong2303/AGM_ICCV2023.Comment: Accepted by ICCV202
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