Théorie du complot et la communication politique en Corée du Sud

With the revolution of communication tools, we are experiencing more than ever easy access to the information. However, that does not mean that people communicate better than before: the essence of the communication is not to inform oneself, but to understand each other, to live better together. The primary role of politicians is to promote an institutional environment to live better together. However, their efforts to win the trust from the citizens seem to be ineffective. the communication between politicians and citizens became more difficult than ever, they even refuse to understand each other. To try to find out why, we analyzed a Korean political scandal occurred in 2008, known as "the power abuse case of the Minister of Justice". As an analysis resource, we used minutes of parliamentary plenary sessions about this power abuse scandal to analyze Korean MPs arguments. Our result shows that most of conservative MPs’ arguments are based on conspiracy theory. This is the one of the main reasons why the communication between the politicians and citizens are so difficult. Because conspiracy theory is only trying to find the responsible in their enemies rather than the real reasons of the problem and resolve them. (There is no abstract section in French journal, I wrote an abstract in English for this purpose

Red supergiant stars in IC 1613 and metallicity-dependent mixing length in the evolutionary model

We report a spectroscopic study on red supergiant stars (RSGs) in the irregular dwarf galaxy IC 1613 in the Local Group. We derive the effective temperatures ($T_\mathrm{eff}$) and metallicities of 14 RSGs by synthetic spectral fitting to the spectra observed with the MMIRS instrument on the MMT telescope for a wavelength range from 1.16 $\mu$m to 1.23 $\mu$m. A weak bimodal distribution of the RSG metallicity centered on the [Fe/H]=$-0.65$ is found, which is slightly lower than or comparable to that of the Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC). There is no evidence for spatial segregation between the metal rich ([Fe/H]$>-0.65$) and poor ([Fe/H]$<-0.65$) RSGs throughout the galaxy. The mean effective temperature of our RSG sample in IC 1613 is higher by about 250 K than that of the SMC. However, no correlation between $T_\mathrm{eff}$ and metallicity within our RSG sample is found. We calibrate the convective mixing length ($\alpha_{\mathrm{MLT}}$) by comparing stellar evolutionary tracks with the RSG positions on the HR diagram, finding that models with $\alpha_{\mathrm{MLT}}=2.2-2.4 H_P$ can best reproduce the effective temperatures of the RSGs in IC 1613 for both Schwarzschild and Ledoux convection criteria. This result supports our previous study that a metallicity dependent mixing length is needed to explain the RSG temperatures observed in the Local Group, but we find that this dependency becomes relatively weak for RSGs having a metallicity equal to or less than the SMC metallicity.Comment: 15 pages, 7 figures, accepted in Ap

Chemical homogeneity of wide binary system: An approach from Near-Infrared spectroscopy

Wide binaries, with separations between two stars from a few AU to more than several thousand AU, are valuable objects for various research topics in Galactic astronomy. As the number of newly reported wide binaries continues to increase, studying the chemical abundances of their component stars becomes more important. We conducted high-resolution near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy for six pairs of wide binary candidates using the Immersion Grating Infrared Spectrometer (IGRINS) at the Gemini-South telescope. One pair was excluded from the wide binary samples due to a significant difference in radial velocity between its component stars, while the remaining five pairs exhibited homogeneous properties in 3D motion and chemical composition among the pair stars. The differences in [Fe/H] ranged from 0.00 to 0.07 dex for these wide binary pairs. The abundance differences between components are comparable to the previous results from optical spectroscopy for other samples. In addition, when combining our data with literature data, it appears that the variation of abundance differences increases in wide binaries with larger separations. However, the SVO2324 and SVO3206 showed minimal differences in most elements despite their large separation, supporting the concept of multiple formation mechanisms depending on each wide binary. This study is the first approach to the chemical properties of wide binaries based on NIR spectroscopy. Our results further highlight that NIR spectroscopy is an effective tool for stellar chemical studies based on equivalent measurements of chemical abundances from the two stars in each wide binary system.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A

Endovascular Treatment for Intracranial Aneurysms: A Nationwide Survey in Korea

Purpose In Korea, endovascular treatment (EVT) for intracranial aneurysms (IAs) has increased steadily. We conducted a nationwide survey to evaluate the current status of EVT for IAs and to identify treatment preference in the real world.Materials and Methods A Google online survey was distributed to representative clinicians at hospitals treating IAs, where members of Korean Society of Interventional Neuroradiology (KSIN). The data was collected from October 2017 to December 2017. The responding hospitals were divided into 2 groups (tertiary and non-tertiary hospitals). And variable factors involved in decision making for treatment were evaluated. Results In total, 73 hospitals (tertiary: 37, non-tertiary: 36) responded to the survey. Most hospitals that responded had over 100 cases of diagnostic angiography (93%) and over 50 cases of EVT for IAs (74%) performed in 2016. The proportion of EVT for ruptured aneurysms in non-tertiary hospitals was significantly higher than tertiary hospitals (49% vs. 9%). The proportion of EVT for unruptured aneurysms at non-tertiary hospitals was significantly higher than tertiary hospitals (66% vs. 44%). Most physicians tended to make decision for treatment on location, shape, and size of unruptured IAs and patients’ age, more than the results from previous clinical trials for unruptured IAs. Although EVT was preferred for older patients (age >70) with unruptured IAs (99%), surgical clipping was still considered as the first treatment of choice for younger patients (age 30 to 50 years) at considerable rates (56%). Over two-thirds of respondents preferred surgical clipping for middle cerebral artery aneurysms, while EVT was preferred initially at other locations. Conclusion This nationwide survey showed that EVT is considered as the first treatment modality for IAs and there is a discrepancy between current guidelines and real-world practice for decision making of treatment options

Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER) Stress Enhances Tip60 (A Histone Acetyltransferase) Binding to the Concanavalin A

Herein, we report that the concanavalin A binding of Tip60 (a target of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1-encoded transactivator Tat interacting protein 60 KD; a histone acetyltransferase; HAT) is enhanced as the result of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. The cell expression of Tip60 combined with site-directed mutagenesis analysis was used to identify the glutamine 324 residue as the lecithin binding (Concanavalin A; Con A) site. The Tip60 N324A mutant strain, which seems to be the Con A binding-deficient, was attenuated the protein-protein interactions with FE65 and its protein stability, but its ability of G0-G1 cell cycle arrest was not interrupted. Interestingly, both HAT activity and the nuclear localization of Tip60 N324A mutant were enhanced than those of Tip60 WT. Thus, our results indicate that the Con A binding deficient of Tip60 seems to be one of the most pivotal posttranslational modifications (such as N-glycosylation) for its functional regulation signal, which is generated in response to ER stress

Effects of a radiation dose reduction strategy for computed tomography in severely injured trauma patients in the emergency department: an observational study

<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>Severely injured trauma patients are exposed to clinically significant radiation doses from computed tomography (CT) imaging in the emergency department. Moreover, this radiation exposure is associated with an increased risk of cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine some effects of a radiation dose reduction strategy for CT in severely injured trauma patients in the emergency department.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>We implemented the radiation dose reduction strategy in May 2009. A prospective observational study design was used to collect data from patients who met the inclusion criteria during this one year study (intervention group) from May 2009 to April 2010. The prospective data were compared with data collected retrospectively for one year prior to the implementation of the radiation dose reduction strategy (control group). By comparison of the cumulative effective dose and the number of CT examinations in the two groups, we evaluated effects of a radiation dose reduction strategy. All the patients met the institutional adult trauma team activation criteria. The radiation doses calculated by the CT scanner were converted to effective doses by multiplication by a conversion coefficient.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>A total of 118 patients were included in this study. Among them, 33 were admitted before May 2009 (control group), and 85 were admitted after May 2009 (intervention group). There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding baseline characteristics, such as injury severity and mortality. Additionally, there was no difference between the two groups in the mean number of total CT examinations per patient (4.8 vs. 4.5, respectively; p = 0.227). However, the mean effective dose of the total CT examinations per patient significantly decreased from 78.71 mSv to 29.50 mSv (p < 0.001).</p> <p>Conclusions</p> <p>The radiation dose reduction strategy for CT in severely injured trauma patients effectively decreased the cumulative effective dose of the total CT examinations in the emergency department. But not effectively decreased the number of CT examinations.</p

Dispersion of Vascular Plant in Kumo-do, Korea

AbstractThe vascular plants observed in the area were composed of a total of 228 taxa; 72 families, 172 genus, 201 species, 25 varieties, 1 sub-species and 1 cross species. The only endangered plants found in the area were Milletia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A.Gray. The endemic plants growing in the Geumodo except transplanted plants were Lespedeza x maritima Nakai and Carpinus coreana Nakai. which accounted for 0.8% of the vascular plants in Geumodo, 228 taxa. Specialized plants of Geumodo were a total of 41 species; 30 taxa in Grade I, 1 taxon in Grade II, 9 taxa in Grade III and 1 taxon in Grade V. Milletia japonica (Siebold & Zucc.) A.Gray was the only species found in important Grade IV to V. Currently, ferries ply to the island, attracting many tourists. This poses a threat to the rare plants living in the island and presses down the island to develop. Therefore, in the long-term perspective, the conservation plan such as comprehensive research and monitoring on the ecosystem shall be established to protect evergreen broad-leaved forests