Physico-chemical properties of different kind of rice water and their effect on diarrhoea causing bacteria and dandruff causing fungi

Rice water has been used for curing various ailments. The experiment was conducted to know the physico-chemical and cooking properties of six fine rice varieties. Length and breadth of the reported varieties ranges from 6–7.8mm and 4.5–5.5mm. The highest amylose (28%) was estimated in Gobindo bhog non - boiled rice followed by Sona Masori half boiled rice (24.2%) and lowest (18.6%) were Saffola arise active rice and Kerala rice. Alkali spreading value ranges from 3.0 to 3.9 of the tested varieties. Cooking time varied from 11min to 31min among the tested rice varieties. Elongation ratio of the fine rice varieties ranges from 1.5 to 2.4. Rice water of Kerala rice, Saffola arise active rice and full boiled rice had shown the significant zone of against diarrhoea causing bacteria. Overnight and 1 hr shocked rice water had shown the effective result against the dandruff causing fungi.ÂÂ

Purification of a trypsin inhibitor from Cocculus hirsutus and identification of its biological activity

Proteinase inhibitors play a significant role in plant defense against insect pests and phytopathogens by inhibiting their proteases. A thermotolerant monomeric trypsin inhibitor with molecular weight ∼18kD was purified from Cocculus hirsutus (ChTI) using trypsin sepharose affinity column. Western blot analysis using ChTI IgY revealed its presence in vegetative parts and seeds. The second and third instar larvae of H. armigera fed with ChTI (5000TIU/ml) resulted in 84.59 and 58.71% reduction in mean larval weight respectively. An increase in the larval growth period was observed in ChTI fed larvae at all instars and inhibitor fed larvae could not complete their life cycle. ChTI caused 74 and 59.53% inhibition of bovine trypsin and Helicoverpa gut proteases respectively. ChTI exhibited strain specificity and inhibited growth and development of plant fungal pathogens. Bioassay studies on yeast strains indicated that ΔYNK and MNN1 are more sensitive to ChTI. The results suggest that phosphodiester linkage in cell wall components is likely to be the key determinants for binding of ChTI. Taken together, these studies indicate that ChTI is a potential candidate for development of transgenic plants against foliar diseases and insect pests

Perturbation of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport affects size of nucleus and nucleolus in human cells

Size regulation of human cell nucleus and nucleolus are poorly understood subjects. 3D reconstruction of live image shows that the karyoplasmic ratio (KR) increases by 30-80% in transformed cell lines compared to their immortalized counterpart. The attenuation of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport causes the KR value to increase by 30-50% in immortalized cell lines. Nucleolus volumes are significantly increased in transformed cell lines and the attenuation of nucleo-cytoplasmic transport causes a significant increase in the nucleolus volume of immortalized cell lines. A cytosol and nuclear fraction swapping experiment emphasizes the potential role of unknown cytosolic factors in nuclear and nucleolar size regulation