Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors associated with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in all 427 enrolled COPD patients.

<p>Multivariate logistic regression analysis of the factors associated with asymptomatic peripheral arterial disease in all 427 enrolled COPD patients.</p

PAD and risk factors in the older COPD patients.

*<p>, statistical significance (p<0.05).</p><p>PAD, peripheral arterial disease; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; PWV, pulse wave velocity.</p

Prevalence and risk factors for PAD in the COPD patients by ethnicity.

<p>ABI, ankle-brachial index; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.</p

Lung function, age and co-morbidities between each COPD grade.

<p>Lung function, age and co-morbidities between each COPD grade.</p

Demographic data of the COPD patients with and without PAD.

*<p>, statistical significance (p<0.05).</p><p>GOLD; the <b>G</b>lobal initiative for <b>C</b>hronic <b>O</b>bstructive <b>L</b>ung <b>D</b>isease.</p><p>Stage I: FEV₁ ≧ 80%, Stage II: 50%≦ FEV₁<80%.</p><p>Stage III: 30%≦ FEV₁<50%, Stage IV: FEV₁<30%.</p><p>PAD, peripheral arterial disease; BW, body weight; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; PWV, pulse wave velocity; ABI; ankle brachial index.</p

Effects of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) using multiple linear regression models with generalized estimating equations (GEE).¹

<p>¹The repeated measures data were analyzed by multiple marginal regression models using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method to assess the effects of treatment, learning session and trial on escape latency.</p><p>²Number of observations = 29, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.145, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.38.</p><p>³Number of observations = 33, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.437, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.66.</p><p>DXA: dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry.</p><p>Effects of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of serum calcium and intact parathyroid hormone (PTH) using multiple linear regression models with generalized estimating equations (GEE).<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144231#t002fn001" target="_blank">¹</a></p

Effects of kefir consumption on clinical assessment in osteoporotic patients.¹

<p>¹The sample statistics presented in this table were mean ± standard deviation (SD) for continuous variables and frequency (percentage, %) for categorical variables. The listed <i>p</i>-values of statistical tests were calculated using the Wilcoxon rank-sum test for continuous variables and the Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables.</p><p>^† Fisher’s exact test <i>p</i> value for categorical variables.</p><p>^§ Wilcoxon rank sums test <i>p</i> value for continuous variables.</p><p>Effects of kefir consumption on clinical assessment in osteoporotic patients.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144231#t001fn001" target="_blank">¹</a></p

Effects of kefir consumption on clinical assessment in osteoporotic patients.

<p>(<b>A</b>) Serum calcium. (<b>B</b>) Parathyroid hormone (PTH). (<b>C</b>) β C-Terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX). (<b>D</b>) Osteocalcin. (<b>E</b>) Spine bone mineral density (BMD). (<b>F</b>) Femoral neck BMD. (<b>G</b>) Total hip BMD. *<i>P</i> < 0.05 vs. control group.</p

Effect of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of differences in spine, hip, femoral neck, and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) over time using multiple linear regression models.¹

<p>¹The repeated measures data were analyzed by multiple marginal regression models using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method to assess the effects of treatment, learning session and trial on escape latency.</p><p>²Number of observations = 28, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.516, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.72.</p><p>³Number of observations = 26, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.405, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.64.</p><p>⁴Number of observations = 27, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.874, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.93.</p><p>β -CTX: β C-Terminal telopeptide of type I collagen.</p><p>Effect of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of differences in spine, hip, femoral neck, and total hip bone mineral density (BMD) over time using multiple linear regression models.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144231#t004fn001" target="_blank">¹</a></p

Effects of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of the concentrations of osteocalcin, estradiol, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and β C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) using multiple linear regression models with the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method.¹

<p>¹The repeated measures data were analyzed by multiple marginal regression models using the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method to assess the effects of treatment, learning session and trial on escape latency.</p><p>²Number of observations = 38, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.579, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.76.</p><p>³Number of observations = 39, the coefficient of determination (<i>R</i>²) was 0.552, indicating that the correlation between the observed response value and the predicted value of the response variable was about 0.74.</p><p>Effects of kefir consumption on multivariate analyses of the predictors of the concentrations of osteocalcin, estradiol, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and β C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (β-CTX) using multiple linear regression models with the generalized estimating equations (GEE) method.<a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0144231#t003fn001" target="_blank">¹</a></p