CHINA’S MILITARY-CIVIL FUSION (MCF) STRATEGY: HOW THREATS AND THE GOVERNMENT LED THE DRIVE FOR TECHNOLOGICAL INNOVATION

China’s military-civil fusion (MCF) strategy has played a key role in modernizing China’s economy and military from the Deng Xiaoping to Xi Jinping eras and is now being relied on even more with achieving China’s national rejuvenation of establishing a fully developed country with a world-class military by 2049. This thesis seeks to examine the underlying factors driving China’s MCF strategy. This research concluded that China’s MCF strategy was highly reinforced by China’s geostrategic security concerns, state-directed industrial policy, and foreign technology transfers. Deng’s and Hu Jintao’s relatively benign threat assessments allowed them to focus more on legacy domestic policies that made China prosperous, while Jiang Zemin and Xi, on the other hand, faced multiple security pressures, which drove them to seek dual-use technologies from the high-tech private sector for military applications. This thesis also conducted a case study on China’s artificial intelligence (AI) development strategy, which revealed that China’s AI strategy was also driven in large part by geostrategic concerns. However, an equal driving force was China’s local governments as they competed against other cities in the hopes of constructing advanced cities filled with high-tech enterprises and savvy entrepreneurs.Captain, United States Air ForceApproved for public release. Distribution is unlimited

Cesarean section rates and indications in sub-Saharan Africa: a multi-country study from Medecins sans Frontieres.

The World Health Organization considers Cesarean section rates of 5-15% to be the optimal range for targeted provision of this life saving intervention. However, access to safe Cesarean section in resource-limited settings is much lower, estimated at 1-2% reported in sub-Saharan Africa. This study reports Cesarean sections rates and indications in Democratic Republic of Congo, Burundi, and Sierra Leone, and describe the main parameters associated with maternal and early neonatal mortality

Determinants of Mortality and Disease Progression of Kaposi Sarcoma in a Primary care ART Programme in Khayelitsha, South Africa

CROI 200

Improving Effective Surgical Delivery in Humanitarian Disasters: Lessons from Haiti

Kathryn Chu and colleagues describe the experiences of Médecins sans Frontières after the 2010 Haiti earthquake, and discuss how to improve delivery of surgery in humanitarian disasters

Meta-analysis of driving behavior studies and assessment of factors using structural equation modeling

The aim of this paper is to understand the factors that influence unsafe driving practices by examining published studies that utilized the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) to predict driving behavior. To this end, it reviews 42 studies published up to the end of 2021 to evaluate the predictive utility of TPB by employing a meta-analysis and structural equation model. The results indicate that these studies sought to predict 20 distinct driving behaviors (e.g., drink-driving, use of cellphone while driving, aggressive driving) using the original TPB constructs and 43 additional variables. The TPB model with the three original constructs is found to account for 32% intentional variance and 34% behavioral variance. Among the 43 variables researchers have examined in TPB studies related to driving behavior, this study identified the six that are commonly used to enhance the TPB model’s predictive power. These variables are past behavior, self-identity, descriptive norm, anticipated regret, risk perception, and moral norm. When past behavior is added to the original TPB model, it increases the explained variance in intention to 52%. When all six factors are added to the original TPB model, the best model has only four variables (perceived risk, self-identity, descriptive norm, and moral norm); this model increased the explained variance to 48%. The influence of the TPB constructs on intention is modified by behavior category and traffic category. The findings of this paper validate the application of TPB to predict driving behavior. It is the first study to do this through the use of meta-analysis and structural equation modeling

Providing surgical care in Somalia: A model of task shifting.

ABSTRACT