Family-group names in Coleoptera (Insecta)

We synthesize data on all known extant and fossil Coleoptera family-group names for the first time. A catalogue of 4887 family-group names (124 fossil, 4763 extant) based on 4707 distinct genera in Coleoptera is given. A total of 4492 names are available, 183 of which are permanently invalid because they are based on a preoccupied or a suppressed type genus. Names are listed in a classification framework. We recognize as valid 24 superfamilies, 211 families, 541 subfamilies, 1663 tribes and 740 subtribes. For each name, the original spelling, author, year of publication, page number, correct stem and type genus are included. The original spelling and availability of each name were checked from primary literature. A list of necessary changes due to Priority and Homonymy problems, and actions taken, is given. Current usage of names was conserved, whenever possible, to promote stability of the classification.We would like to sincerely thank the following people for their assistance with nomenclatural and/or bibliographical issues during this project: R. Aalbu (Tenebrionidae), A. Bennett (Hymenoptera), C. Chaboo (Chrysomelidae), C. Bellamy (Buprestidae), L. Bocák (various), M. Bologna (Meloidae), P. Bouchet (Gastropoda), M. Brancucci (publication dates), M. Buck (Hymenoptera), P. Cate (Elateridae), D. Chandler (Anthicidae), C. Costa (Elateridae), J. Cracraft (Aves), J. Cumming (Diptera), H. Douglas (Elateridae), M. Engel (Hymenoptera), W. Eschmeyer (Pisces), N. Evenhuis (Diptera), C. Ferraris (Pisces), G. Flores (literature), R. Foottit (Hemiptera), G. Gibson (Hymenoptera), B. Gill (Scarabaeoidea), M. Gimmel (Cyclaxyridae), V. Grebennikov (various), V. Gusarov (Staphylinidae), A. Hamilton (Hemiptera), L. Herman (Staphylinidae), M. Ivie (Tenebrionoidea), D. Iwan (Coleoptera), E. Jendek (Buprestoidea), P. Johnson (Elateridae), P. Jolivet (Chrysomelidae), S. Kazantsev (literature), I. Kitching (Lepidoptera), J. Kolibáč (Cleridae), H. Labrique (literature), D. Lafontaine (Lepidoptera), S. Laplante (various), M. LeCroy (Aves), S. Laplante (Coleoptera), A. Legalov (Curculionoidea), L. LeSage (Chrysomelidae), R. Leschen (various), I. Löbl (various), O. Lonsdale (Diptera), E. Matthews (Tenebrionidae), O. Merkl (Tenebrionidae), E. Michel (ICZN Cases), J. Muona (Eucnemidae, Elateridae), J. Nieto Nafría (Hemiptera), R. Oberprieler (Curculionoidea), J. O’Hara (Diptera), W. Opitz (Cleridae), D. Pavićević (Staphylinidae), K. Philips (Ptinidae), J. Pinto (Meloidae), G. Poinar (Curculionoidea), D. Pollock (Tenebrionoidea), R. Pyle (Pisces), D. Reeder (Mammalia), F. Riedel (Mollusca), C. Roper (Cephalopoda), C. Schmidt (Lepidoptera), N. Simmons (Mammalia), J. Skevington (Diptera), A. Smetana (various), W. Steiner (Tenebrionidae), M. Thayer (stems, Staphyliniformia), C. Thompson (Diptera), F. Vaz-de-Mello (Scarabaeidae), T. Virro (Rotifera), R. Wharton (Hymenoptera) and Q. Yu (Nematoda). M. Thayer provided data on the correct stem of Coleoptera genera. S. Gamman and P. Madaire, the library staff at Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada (Ottawa), are thanked for their assistance with acquisition of important literature. A. Newton partial grant support for catalog database construction: United States National Science Foundation grants 8814449 (Field Museum Coleoptera collection inventory), 0118749 (south temperate Staphylinidae catalog) and 0715705 (world Staphylinini catalog).Peer Reviewe

Statistical Evaluation of Monophyly in the ‘Broad-Nosed Weevils’ through Molecular Phylogenetic Analysis Combining Mitochondrial Genome and Single-Locus Sequences (Curculionidae: Entiminae, Cyclominae, and Hyperinae)

Establishing well-supported monophyletic groups is a key requirement for producing a natural classification that reflects evolutionary descent. In a phylogenetic framework this is best achieved through dense taxon sampling and the analysis of a robust character dataset, combined with statistical testing of topological hypotheses. This study assesses the monophyly of tribes and subfamilies within the diverse ‘broad-nosed weevils’ (Curculionidae: Entiminae, Cyclominae and Hyperinae) through analysis of single-locus sequence data for mitochondrial cox1 and rrnL genes, in combination with a ‘backbone’ of complete and near-complete mitochondrial genome sequences. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic analyses incorporating topological constraints for various higher-taxa were statistically tested using the AU, SH, and KH tests, which indicated that three tribes within Entiminae, as presently classified, are not monophyletic. Moderate and high bootstrap support was also consistent with two entimine tribes (Peritelini and Cylydrorhinini) being each recovered as monophyletic in an unconstrained analysis. Furthermore, one genus of cyclomine weevils (Aphela) is recovered outside the clade of ‘broad-nosed weevils’, although its taxonomic placement remains uncertain. It is apparent that the present approach may be hampered by limited taxon sampling in the ‘backbone’ dataset, rendering it difficult for divergent taxa to robustly match to their closest lineages. However, with improved taxon sampling of the mitogenome tree, the general approach can be a useful taxonomic tool for weevils

Participative decision making and the sharing of benefits: laws, ethics, and data protection for building extended global communities

Transdisciplinary and cross-cultural cooperation and collaboration are needed to build extended, densely interconnected information resources. These are the prerequisites for the successful implementation and execution of, for example, an ambitious monitoring framework accompanying the post-2020 Global Biodiversity Framework (GBF) of the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD; SCBD 2021). Data infrastructures that meet the requirements and preferences of concerned communities can focus and attract community involvement, thereby promoting participatory decision making and the sharing of benefits. Community acceptance, in turn, drives the development of the data resources and data use. Earlier this year, the alliance for biodiversity knowledge (2021a) conducted forum-based consultations seeking community input on designing the next generation of digital specimen representations and consequently enhanced infrastructures. The multitudes of connections that arise from extending the digital specimen representations through linkages in all “directions” will form a powerful network of information for research and application. Yet, with the power of an extended, accessible data network comes the responsibility to protect sensitive information (e.g., the locations of threatened populations, culturally context-sensitive traditional knowledge, or businesses’ fundamental data and infrastructure assets). In addition, existing legislation regulates access and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits. Current negotiations on ‘Digital Sequence Information’ under the CBD suggest such obligations might increase and become more complex in the context of extensible information networks. For example, in the case of data and resources funded by taxpayers in the EU, such access should follow the general principle of being “as open as possible; as closed as is legally necessary” (cp. EC 2016). At the same time, the international regulations of the CBD Nagoya Protocol (SCBD 2011) need to be taken into account. Summarizing main outcomes from the consultation discussions in the forum thread “Meeting legal/regulatory, ethical and sensitive data obligations” (alliance for biodiversity knowledge 2021b), we propose a framework of ten guidelines and functionalities to achieve community building and drive application: Substantially contribute to the conservation and protection of biodiversity (cp. EC 2020). Use language that is CBD conformant. Show the importance of the digital and extensible specimen infrastructure for the continuing design and implementation of the post-2020 GBF, as well as the mobilisation and aggregation of data for its monitoring elements and indicators. Strive to openly publish as much data and metadata as possible online. Establish a powerful and well-thought-out layer of user and data access management, ensuring security of ‘sensitive data’. Encrypt data and metadata where necessary at the level of an individual specimen or digital object; provide access via digital cryptographic keys. Link obligations, rights and cultural information regarding use to the digital key (e.g. CARE principles (Carroll et al. 2020), Local Context-labels (Local Contexts 2021), licenses, permits, use and loan agreements, etc.). Implement a transactional system that records every transaction. Amplify workforce capacity across the digital realm, its work areas and workflows. Do no harm (EC 2020): Reduce the social and ecological footprint of the implementation, aiming for a long-term sustainable infrastructure across its life-cycle, including development, implementation and management stages. Balancing the needs for open access, as well as protection, accountability and sustainability, the framework is designed to function as a robust interface between the (research) infrastructure implementing the extensible network of digital specimen representations, and the myriad of applications and operations in the real world. With the legal, ethical and data protection layers of the framework in place, the infrastructure will provide legal clarity and security for data providers and users, specifically in the context of access and benefit sharing under the CBD and its Nagoya Protocol. Forming layers of protection, the characteristics and functionalities of the framework are envisioned to be flexible and finely-grained, adjustable to fulfill the needs and preferences of a wide range of stakeholders and communities, while remaining focused on the protection and rights of the natural world. Respecting different value systems and national policies, the framework is expected to allow a divergence of views to coexist and balance differing interests. Thus, the infrastructure of the digital extensible specimen network is fair and equitable to many providers and users. This foundation has the capacity and potential to bring together the diverse global communities using, managing and protecting biodiversity

Multilateral benefit-sharing from digital sequence information will support both science and biodiversity conservation

Open access to sequence data is a cornerstone of biology and biodiversity research, but has created tension under the United Nations Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD). Policy decisions could compromise research and development, unless a practical multilateral solution is implemented.This workwas funded by the German Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) WiLDSI 031B0862 (A.H.S., J.O., and J.F.) and Horizon Europe EVA-GLOBAL 871029 (A.H.S.). I.K.M. was supported by the National Center for Biotechnology Information of the National Library of Medicine, National Institutes of Health

Phylogenomics and the evolution of hemipteroid insects.

Hemipteroid insects (Paraneoptera), with over 10% of all known insect diversity, are a major component of terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems. Previous phylogenetic analyses have not consistently resolved the relationships among major hemipteroid lineages. We provide maximum likelihood-based phylogenomic analyses of a taxonomically comprehensive dataset comprising sequences of 2,395 single-copy, protein-coding genes for 193 samples of hemipteroid insects and outgroups. These analyses yield a well-supported phylogeny for hemipteroid insects. Monophyly of each of the three hemipteroid orders (Psocodea, Thysanoptera, and Hemiptera) is strongly supported, as are most relationships among suborders and families. Thysanoptera (thrips) is strongly supported as sister to Hemiptera. However, as in a recent large-scale analysis sampling all insect orders, trees from our data matrices support Psocodea (bark lice and parasitic lice) as the sister group to the holometabolous insects (those with complete metamorphosis). In contrast, four-cluster likelihood mapping of these data does not support this result. A molecular dating analysis using 23 fossil calibration points suggests hemipteroid insects began diversifying before the Carboniferous, over 365 million years ago. We also explore implications for understanding the timing of diversification, the evolution of morphological traits, and the evolution of mitochondrial genome organization. These results provide a phylogenetic framework for future studies of the group

Taxonomy, phylogeny and host relationships of the Trichodectidae (Phthiraptera: Ischnocera)

Imperial Users onl

The Problematic Genus Sclerocardius (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae: Ithyporini)

The genus Sclerocardius is revised, using morphological characters. Four species are recognized, including S. africanus (Boheman), S. bohemani Schoenherr stat.rev., S. indicus Hartmann and S. kuscheli sp.nov. The species Sclerocardius madecassus Ferragu is synonymized with S. bohemani syn.nov., and Charactocnemus hintzi Hartmann is treated as a junior synonym of S. bohemani, not S. africanus. A key to species is given. Lectotypes are designated for Heteramphus africanus Boheman and Sclerocardius africanus Schoenherr. A female elytro-tergal stridulatory system involving the modification of the wing-binding patch of the seventh tergite is reported for the Sclerocardiina for the first time and supports the inclusion of the subtribe within the Ithyporini

Anchonini in Africa: New Species and Genus Confirming a Transatlantic Distribution (Coleoptera: Curculionidae: Molytinae)

The Anchonini known from Africa are reviewed. The monotypic genus Aethiopacorep is redescribed. The new West African genus Titilayo gen. nov. is described, with seven new species: four from São Tomé, T. perrinae sp. nov., T. saotomense sp. nov., T. barclayi sp. nov., and T. turneri sp. nov.; two from Ivory Coast, T. geiseri sp. nov. and T. garnerae sp. nov.; and one from Sierra Leone, T. takanoi sp. nov. Neither of these genera is known outside West Africa. A neotype is designated for Anchonus africanus Hustache 1932. A key to the two African genera, Aethiopacorep and Titilayo, as well as their corresponding species, is provided. This work provides the first records of Anchonini for mainland Africa; this group is still understudied in the region but shows signs of being very diverse on both the mainland and in the western African islands

Comments on the proposed conservation of Phytobius Dejean, 1835 (Insecta, Coleoptera)

Volume: 56Start Page: 194End Page: 19