What have we learned? Assessing labor market institutions and indicators

"Over the last decade, both the availability of quantitative indicators on labor market institutions and of studies trying to explain differences in national labor market performance through institutional variables have burgeoned significantly. It is now time to review these indicators and the empirical findings. Therefore, this paper has a threefold objective: first, we provide an overview of the aggregate indicators of core labor market institutions such as employment protection, the generosity of the benefit system, active labor market policies, taxation and collective bargaining. We assess the reliability of selected indicators. Second, we review the most relevant macro-econometric studies that made use of these indicators in order to explain diverging patterns of national employment performance. Third, and finally, this paper draws some preliminary conclusions regarding the further development of aggregate indicators and possible directions for future empirical research." (Author's abstract, IAB-Doku) ((en))Arbeitsmarktpolitik, institutionelle Faktoren, Arbeitsmarktindikatoren, Kündigungsschutz, Arbeitslosenversicherung, Arbeitslosenunterstützung, Leistungshöhe, arbeitsmarktpolitische Maßnahme, Tarifverhandlungen, Steuerpolitik, Reliabilität, Arbeitsmarktforschung, empirische Forschung, Arbeitsmarktentwicklung - internationaler Vergleich, Arbeitslosenquote, OECD

« The Safavid Court and its Ceremonies During the Reign of Muhammad Khudābanda », in : Markus Ritter, Ralph Kauz, Birgitt Hoffmann, eds., Iran und iranisch geprägte Kulturen. Studien zum 65. Geburtstag von Bert G. Fragner. Wiesbaden, Ludwig Reichert Verlag, 2008, p. 74-84. (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 27)

The reign of Šāh Ḫodābande is a rather neglected period prior to the golden age under Šāh ‘Abbās in Iran. Goto focuses on two aspects where Šāh Ḫodābande continued the “secularizing” and centralizing policies of his predecessors that aimed at curbing Qezelbāš power. First, she revisits the marriage policies of this time and the conflict between Ḫeyr al-Nesā Begum and Qezelbāš amirs. Second, she deals with the introduction of Nowrūz celebrations as an imperial ceremony at the court in Qazvīn b..

Formal Aspects of Qajar Deeds of Sale

This article offers a close examination of Iranian contracts of sale from the eighteenth and nineteenth century. The choice for deeds of sale as a model for private documents lies first in the relative simplicity of form and structure, as well as the plainness of the transactions recorded in them

Flexible Forms of Contracts : Transactions through Fictitious Settlements (ṣulḥ/muṣālaḥa) in Iran

In the second half of the nineteenth century, practitioners of law in Iran were looking for more flexibility in contractual forms, especially those used to conclude routine transactions of properties and services. They increasingly made use of a type of contract named muṣālaḥa-nāma, derived from the legal concept of ṣulḥ and defined primarily as a means to arrange the amicable settlement of disputes. The present contribution attempts to categorise the kind of transactions for which this universal contractual type could be employed and raises the question what advantages such a “new” contractual form might have entailed

Melville, Charles (ed.), Safavid Persia in the Age of Empires : Londres, 2021

Review of Charles Melville (ed.), Safavid Persia in the Age of Empires, Londres, I.B. Tauris (The Idea of Iran, 10), 2021 496 p., ISBN : 9780755633777 (Hardback

Hubble flow variations as a test for inhomogeneous cosmology

Context. Backreactions from large-scale inhomogeneities may provide an elegant explanation for the observed accelerated expansion of the universe without the need to introduce dark energy. Aims. We propose a cosmological test for a specific model of inhomogeneous cosmology, called timescape cosmology. Using large-scale galaxy surveys such as SDSS and 2MRS, we test the variation of expansion expected in the $\Lambda$-CDM model versus a more generic differential expansion using our own calibrations of bounds suggested by timescape cosmology. Method. Our test measures the systematic variations of the Hubble flow towards distant galaxies groups as a function of the matter distribution in the lines of sight to those galaxy groups. We compare the observed systematic variation of the Hubble flow to mock catalogues from the Millennium Simulation in the case of the $\Lambda$-CDM model, and a deformed version of the same simulation that exhibits more pronounced differential expansion. Results. We perform a series of statistical tests, ranging from linear regressions to Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests, on the obtained data. They consistently yield results preferring $\Lambda$-CDM cosmology over our approximated model of timescape cosmology. Conclusions. Our analysis of observational data shows no evidence that the variation of expansion differs from that of the standard $\Lambda$-CDM model.Comment: 20 pages, 21 figures, accepted for publication in A&