THE INFLUENCE OF TRADITIONAL MAIDS’ JAVANESE TO CHILDREN’S LANGUAGE

Children’s language is heavily influenced by several factors. One of them is the children’s interaction with people around them. Traditional maids are among those people. As the children spend their active time together with their maids, their language is then influenced by their maids’ language. The Javanese spoken by these maid is of different variation of the Javanese spoken by most residence of Kenteng, which is the standard Javanese in Wonosobo. The children in this case study speak Bahasa Indonesia as their first language. However, their language is not pure and straightforward Bahasa Indonesia, i.e. the official form of Bahasa Indonesia. Their language is apparently a mix of Bahasa Indonesia and Javanese. The Javanese they speak is somehow different from the standard Wonosobo Javanese in several terms. There are terms spoken only in certain areas of Wonosobo, such as the areas from which their maids live. There are differences in the vocabularies, sounds, and speaking intonation. Apparently, the Javanese the children speak is influenced by that of their maids. This study aims to describe the forms of those children’s language by comparing them to the standard Javanese. It will be related to language and social context theory

Book Review: Smith, J.K.A.: Desiring the Kingdom: Worship, Worldview, and Cultural Formation

What if education was not first and foremost about what we know, but about what we love? (Smith, 2009, p.18) This is one of the driving questions that frames Smith’s book; a question worthy of educational reflection. Smith organizes his argument around the ideas of the dichotomy between thinking and doing; work and worship [liturgy]. His argument is that worldview must not be merely cognitive and intellectual, but must include a robust ‘social imaginary’ (flowing from the work of Charles Taylor) that is grounded in the practices of Christian worship. So far so good

Corporate Social Responsibility: An Application in Tourism Development in Ghana

In 1972 UNESCO recognized 1) the Elmina Castle alias St George’s Castle located in Elmina, 2) the Fort St Jago located in Elmina, and 3) the Cape Coast Castle alias Carolsburg Castle located in Cape Coast as World Heritage Sites (slave dungeons during transatlantic slave trade). Tourism was introduced in Elmina and Cape Coast in Ghana, West Africa, as a means to poverty reduction. However, almost fifteen years later this was not achieved. A participatory approach to research revealed that lack of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) from the government, tourism intermediaries and developmental institutions was the key factor behind this failure. So far within the tourism industry no tangible areas of responsibility for sustainable tourism development were found and not even the host governments expressed concern for it. However, it could be argued that the intelligent application of [C (SR)] can lead to poverty reduction if it is practiced in a holistic, responsible, transparent and accountable manner

Clark County School District’s English Language Learners An Analysis of Enrollment, Educational Opportunities, and Outcomes in Nevada and CCSD

As the largest school district in Nevada and the fifth-largest school district in the country, Clark County School District (CCSD) served approximately 310,000 students in 341 schools during the 2010-2011 school year. Typical of urban districts, more than half of its students are eligible for free or reduced-price lunch, and 68 percent are students of color. Many schools are located in neighborhoods of concentrated poverty, as well as racial and linguistic isolation (Terriquez, Flashman & Schuler-Brown 2009). Also, the patterns of enrollment show dramatic increases in the proportions of English language learners (ELLs) in CCSD over the last two decades

‘Welcome to London’: Spectral Spaces in Sherlock Holmes’s Metropolis

This article examines the burgeoning tourist trade for locations featured in fictional narratives in popular culture. Symptomatic of a postmodern, hyperlinked culture referencing a vast reservoir of texts, such tourism produces a convergence of effects which render places ambivalent. Through a case study of Sherlock Holmes tourism in London, I argue that the city is constructed as seething with the spectral in which there is tension and slippage between paratexts, past and present, history and fiction, the observable and imperceptible. The tourist seeks out embodied experiences of their own secret London(s) which reside somewhere in-between the multiplicitous topographies

Agent-Causation and Paradigms for God’s Knowledge

The article aims at formulating a philosophical framework and by this giving some means at hand to save human libertarian freedom, God’s omniscience and God’s ”eternity’. This threefold aim is achieved by 1) conceiving of an agent as having different possibilities to act, 2) regarding God’s knowledge -- with respect to agents -- not only as being ”propositional’ in character but also as being ”experiential’: God knows an agent also from the ”first person perspective’, as the agent knows herself, and, 3), formulating ”eternity’ and ”temporality’ as being homeomorphically related to each other. This gives rise to a coherent interplay that saves both human libertarian freedom and God’s omniscient ”view from eternity’