ROLE OF PLATELET-RICH PLASMA INJECTIONS IN TENNIS ELBOW; A PROSPECTIVE STUDY

Aims and Objectives: The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of platelet-rich plasma (PRP) injections in chronic/recalcitrant cases of lateral epicondylitis in comparison to steroid injections and their role in averting surgical procedures. Methods: A prospective study was carried out in the Post Graduate Department of Orthopaedics, Government Medical College and Hospital, Jammu, from July 21 to June 22. Results: The patients managed with PRP injections tend to have a better outcome in long-term follow-up than the steroid group and the results in our study have been found to be statistically significant (p<0.05). Conclusion: We consider PRP injection for intractable lateral epicondylitis of the elbow, not only a safe but also very effective tool in reducing symptoms as well as averting the need for surgical intervention in this difficult cohort of patients

Impact of COVID-19 on the patient visits in ortho emergency at a tertiary care centre

Background: COVID-19 pandemic effects are still being elucidated. Stay-at-home orders issued during peak of COVID-19 and social distancing as lockdown measures compounded with COVID-19 concerns have caused significant disruptions in daily life. One notable effect of these variables may be a change in the number of emergency department (ED) visits. This study aims to investigate the effects of COVID-19 on ED visits, and possible reasons for changes.Methods: Retrospective analysis using data for ED visits and procedures performed in the orthopaedics department of GMC Jammu were collected from the record section of GMC Jammu for four months prior and post implementation of lockdown and results were deduced with regards to the comparison in the number of visits, admissions and surgeries done pre and post-lockdown period.Results: The mean number of ED visits/admissions per day for the last four months of available data post lockdown due to COVID-19 pandemic was significantly less than the four months prior to COVID-19 pandemic.Conclusions: A number of factors have likely contributed to the substantial decrease in ED visits observed in this study. In light of these findings, it is important to raise patient awareness regarding conditions that require urgent ortho consultation so as to avoid any type of deformity/disability whatsoever

Assessment of management approach for myocardial infarction by family physicians in central India: a cross sectional survey

Background: Myocardial infarction (MI) is the most common cause of mortality globally. Patients generally consult their family physicians first and hence the role of these physicians in management of is very important. it is thus pertinent to assess the approach to management of MI patients by the primary health care physicians.Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted with a validated questionnaire among 232 family physicians in central India.Results: Combination of aspirin, clopidogrel and statins was the treatment of choice by 69.82% of physicians. Use of morphine was not preferred by 87.93% of physicians due to non-availability. Tramadol, diclofenac and pethidine were the analgesics preferred. Use of aspirin was stressed by 91.37% of physicians, of these 56.89% preferred the use of soluble aspirin and 43.10% enteric coated. 91.37% were familiar with ECG findings of MI. As latest treatment of choice 41.37% thought of immediate thrombolysis with tenecteplase whereas 47.41% considered coronary angiogram followed by angioplasty in a nearby cardiac center and 29.74% immediate thrombolysis with streptokinase. Regarding referral to hospital with catheterization laboratory facility, 65.94% opined 3 hours as maximum time period of referral from onset of attack of MI and 43.96% opined it to be 6 hours.Conclusions: Family practitioners play a key role in timely management of acute MI. Hence updating them on the management of acute MI through various continuing medical education programs is considered mandatory so that timely management can help significantly reduce mortality rates in our country

Thermal analysis of various duct cross sections using altair hyperworks software

In this work thermal analysis and comparison of various duct cross sections is done computationally using Altair Hyperworks Software. Simple Analytical results were obtained for conduction and convection through the ducts which can be used to build up thermal circuit. The inner surface of all ducts is maintained at constant temperature and ambient air is at certain temperature that is less than inner surface temperature of pipe. Due to temperature difference heat will flow from higher temperature to lower temperature. Due to temperature difference heat will flow from higher temperature to lower temperature. The material of pipe provides conductive resistance and air provides convective resistance. Hence this is a mix mode of heat transfer. The heat transfer takes place in one dimension only and properties are considered to be isotropic. The ducts are assumed to be made of aluminium having known thermal conductivity and density. The surroundings of ducts have known convective heat transfer coefficient and temperature. The results are obtained on hyperview which are for heat flux, temperature gradient and grid temperature. The different characteristics can be obtained by varying the material of the ducts. Keywords: Ducts, Altair Hyperwork

Paediatric lateral humeral condyle fractures managed by k-wire fixation, should the wires be buried or left exposed: a dilemma

Background: Fractures of the lateral condyle of the humerus in children are common injuries. If displaced or unstable they may require surgical reduction and fixation with Kirschner wires (K-wires). These may be passed through the skin and left exposed or buried subcutaneously.Methods: A prospective study was carried out in department of orthopaedics at my college from January 2019 to March 2020.  A total number of 37 subjects were included in the study.Results: Patients were followed for a period of 3 months and results were drawn on basis of union, infection, carrying angle at the elbow, and range of motion (ROM) which was assessed by clinico-radiological means.Conclusions: Buried wire group has shown better union rate than exposed group, wires could be removed under local anaesthesia thereby avoiding any major procedure and also the risk of infection is low making this a better option than the exposed cohort

Dental Smart Materials

Dental materials are stable and have greater durability if they do not react with the environment and remain passive. At the same time, it is hoped that the materials will be well accepted and will cause neither harm nor injury. This is an entirely negative approach to material tolerance and biocompatibility. This outlook hides the possibility through which positive gains can be achieved by using materials that behave in a more dynamic fashion in the environment in which they are placed. The current dental materials are improvised. The use of smart materials has made a great revolution in dentistry, which includes the use of restorative materials, such as smart composites, smart ceramics, compomers, resin-modified glass ionomer, amorphous calcium phosphate–releasing pit, and fissure sealants and other materials, such as orthodontic shape memory alloys, smart burs, etc.&nbsp

Bioactive Materials: A Short Review

In every field of dentistry and medicine, bioactive materials have been widely used. These materials are used for regeneration, repair, and reconstruction in the field of conservative dentistry and endodontics. These materials are used in different forms and composition and act directly on vital tissue, helping in its healing and repair. These materials directly function because of induction of various growth factors and different cells. This article summarizes the types and uses of bioactive materials

Esthetic Design

An attractive face is of utmost priority to people. Attractiveness is based on symmetry and various proportions of the face. This helps us to design the smile beautifully and add a lot to facial esthetics. It is a multidisciplinary approach that includes orthodontics, cosmetic dentistry, and plastic surgery. It is veryimportant to carefully analyze and plan the treatment according to the patient’s demand, which will lead us to a beautiful smile

Evaluation of Biomedical Waste Management Practices in Multispeciality Tertiary Hospital

Background: Biomedical waste collection and proper disposal has become significant concern for medical and general community. The scientific hospital waste management is a vital importance as its improper management poses risk to healthcare workers, waste handlers, patients, community in general and largely the environment.Aims and Objectives: (i.)To assess current practices of biomedical waste management including generation, collection, transportation, storage, treatment and disposal technologies in tertiary health care center. (ii.)To assess health and safety practices for health care personal involved in biomedical waste management.Material and Method: Waste management practices in tertiary care center was study during in May 2016 to June 2016 the information/data regarding biomedical waste management practices and safety was collected by way of semi-structured interview, proforma being the one used for waste AUDITING QUESTIONNAIRE. The information collected was verified by personal observations of waste management practices in each ward of hospital.The information collected was verified by personal observation of waste management practices in each wards of hospital.Results: MMCH (Muzaffarnagar medical college and hospital) generates 1.25 kg wastes per bed per day and maximum waste is generated in wards. The hospital has got separate colour coded bins in each ward for collection of waste but segregation practices need to be more refined.The safety measure taken by health care workers was not satisfactory, it was not due to unavailability of personal protective measures but because un-awareness of health hazards which may occur due to improper waste management practices.Thus it concluded that there should be strict implementation of waste management policy set up in the hospital, training and motivation must be given paramount impotence to meet the current needs and standards of biomedical waste-management

Epidemiology and Clinicopathological Profile of Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Review from Tertiary Care Referral Centre

Renal cell carcinoma (RCC) accounts for 3% of all adult cancers and 85% of all kidney tumours. Incidence of RCC is lower in Asian region, particularly in India, probably due to lack of reporting. Most of the data about RCC are from Western countries; and data from India are scarce, especially regarding para-neoplastic syndromes. We sought to determine the epidemiology, clinicopathological profile and management of RCCin a tertiary care centre in Western India. This was a retrospective study that involved data analysis of records of RCC patients who presented to our institution from April 2016 to February 2020. Laboratory investigations, including tests for paraneoplastic syndrome (PNS), and relevant radiologic investigations were performed and treatment was offered according to the stage, patient factors and available modalities. A total 142 RCC patients were included in the study. The median age of presentation was 58 years. Most of the patients (67%) were symptomatic, and 33% of the patients were asymptomatic, and the RCC was diagnosed incidentally. A large number of patients (56.3%) had PNS. The most common histopathologic type of RCC was clear cell carcinoma (68.8%), followed by papillary (20%) and chromophobe (8%) carcinoma. 40% of carcinomas with sarcomatoid differentiation were seen in patients under 50 years of age. Two cases of multicystic RCC were both seen in patients less than 50 years of age. 65.5% of the patients presented at Stage 1 and 2. Most surgeries (71.2%) were done in a minimally invasive manner. A significant number of patients were asymptomatic, in which RCC was detected incidentally. The age of presentation was earlier, yet the patients had a higher tumour stage. More than half of the patients had PNSs. Despite growing trend towards Western data, the significantly higher number of patients with PNSs and early age of presentation suggest inherent differences in tumour biology, possibly related to differences in genetic and environmental factors