Ansiedad y desmotivación en el aprendizaje del inglés en estudiantes de tercer año de secundaria de Corea del Sur

Because of the high level of anxiety and academic pressure associated with the college entrance exam in South Korea, this study investigated the effects of English learning anxiety on English learning demotivation and academic achievement in third-year high school students. To determine the correlations of the effect of English learning anxiety on both components, 249 participants were selected from nine third-year student classes at an academic high school in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea, to complete questionnaires, the data from which were analysed using quantitative statistical methods. The regression analyses revealed that the English learning anxiety in the male and female students with top grades had positively and significantly affected their academic achievement. However, except for high-level male learners, demotivation was not found to have any effect on student achievement. The results suggested that it is important to design education-friendly measures to enhance third-year high school student motivation and alleviate any excessive anxiety.Debido al alto nivel de ansiedad y presión académica asociados con el examen de ingreso a la universidad en Corea del Sur, este estudio investigó los efectos de la ansiedad por aprender inglés en la desmotivación del aprendizaje del inglés y el rendimiento académico en estudiantes de tercer año de secundaria. Para determinar las correlaciones del efecto de la ansiedad por aprender inglés en ambos componentes, se seleccionaron 249 participantes de nueve clases de estudiantes de tercer año en una escuela secundaria académica en la provincia de Gyeonggi, Corea del Sur, para completar cuestionarios, cuyos datos se analizaron utilizando métodos cuantitativos métodos de estadística. Los análisis de regresión revelaron que la ansiedad por aprender inglés en los estudiantes masculinos y femeninos con las mejores calificaciones había afectado positiva y significativamente su rendimiento académico. Sin embargo, a excepción de los estudiantes varones de alto nivel, no se encontró que la desmotivación tuviera ningún efecto en el rendimiento de los estudiantes. Los resultados sugirieron que es importante diseñar medidas favorables a la educación para mejorar la motivación de los estudiantes de tercer año de secundaria y aliviar cualquier ansiedad excesiva

Effect of Magnolol on the Function of Osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 Cells

Objectives. In the present study, the ability of magnolol, a hydroxylated biphenyl compound isolated from Magnolia officinalis, to stimulate osteoblast function and inhibit the release of bone-resorbing mediators was investigated in osteoblastic MC3T3-E1 cells. Methods. Osteoblast function was measured by cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, and mineralization. Glutathione content was also measured in the cells. Bone-resorbing cytokines, receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL), TNF-α, and IL-6 were measured with an enzyme immunoassay system. Results. Magnolol caused a significant elevation of cell growth, alkaline phosphatase activity, collagen synthesis, mineralization, and glutathione content in the cells (P < 0.05). Skeletal turnover is orchestrated by a complex network of regulatory factors. Among cytokines, RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-6 were found to be key osteoclastogenetic molecules produced by osteoblasts. Magnolol significantly (P < 0.05) decreased the production of osteoclast differentiation inducing factors such as RANKL, TNF-α, and IL-6 in the presence of antimycin A, which inhibits mitochondrial electron transport and has been used as an ROS generator. Conclusion. Magnolol might be a candidate as an agent for the prevention of bone disorders such as osteoporosis

Problem Sounds in English for Advanced Korean Speakers: a Contrastive Perspective

Englis

The Organization of Corticostriatal Connectivity in the Human Brain

Neurological and psychiatric disorders reveal that the basal ganglia subserve diverse functional domains, including movement, reward, and cognitive disorders (e.g., Parkinson's disease, addiction, schizophrenia). Monkey anatomical studies show that the striatum, the input structure of the basal ganglia, receives projections from nearly the entire cerebral cortex with a broad topography of motor, limbic, and association zones. However, until recently, non-invasive methods have not been available to conduct the complete mapping of the cortex to the striatum in humans. The development of functional connectivity magnetic resonance imaging (fcMRI) now allows the identification of functional connections in humans. The present dissertation reports two studies that first create a complete map of corticostriatal connectivity and then more closely examine striatal connectivity with association networks underlying cognition

Environmental changes surrounding congenital heart disease

As the outcomes of patients with congenital heart disease (CHD) improve, the number of patients is accumulating and the proportion of adult CHD patients is gradually increasing. Accordingly, the proportion of typical adult diseases such as coronary arterial disease, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and hypertension among patients with CHD is increasing, as is the medical burden due to residual cardiac problems, heart failure, and arrhythmias. Due to increasing genetic knowledge, efforts are being made to provide active medical support through risk stratification. Surgical techniques and prostheses are also developing, the instruments used for transcatheter intervention are diversifying, and the range of therapeutic options is expanding. In addition, owing to the development of electronic devices, heart rhythm and blood pressure monitoring instruments have been miniaturized and diversified. In this process, a vast amount of information is collected; therefore, the current systematic review examined their clinical usefulness. A team approach consisting of experts from various fields is essential for the treatment of patients with CHD and advanced heart failure

A behavioral analysis of job content, worker perception, and job satisfaction in the merchandising line development process

The study objective is to determine if differences exist in job content, worker's perception, job satisfaction, interaction with other departments, and activities related to line development between traditional retail buyers and retail product developers. The PAQ will provide specific job elements in terms of six divisions. The results of this study will contribute to the existing research related to retailing by providing greater insight into merchandising job dimensions and current information on merchandising ability requirements. Retailers, retail trainers, recruiters, and educators will benefit from the results of this study through a greater understanding of specific job dimensions