Topological Integer Additive Set-Sequential Graphs

Let $\mathbb{N}_0$ denote the set of all non-negative integers and $X$ be any non-empty subset of $\mathbb{N}_0$. Denote the power set of $X$ by $\mathcal{P}(X)$. An integer additive set-labeling (IASL) of a graph $G$ is an injective set-valued function $f:V(G)\to \mathcal{P}(X)$ such that the induced function $f^+:E(G) \to \mathcal{P}(X)$ is defined by $f^+ (uv) = f(u)+ f(v)$, where $f(u)+f(v)$ is the sumset of $f(u)$ and $f(v)$. If the associated set-valued edge function $f^+$ is also injective, then such an IASL is called an integer additive set-indexer (IASI). An IASL $f$ is said to be a topological IASL (TIASL) if $f(V(G))\cup \{\emptyset\}$ is a topology of the ground set $X$. An IASL is said to be an integer additive set-sequential labeling (IASSL) if $f(V(G))\cup f^+(E(G))= \mathcal{P}(X)-\{\emptyset\}$. An IASL of a given graph $G$ is said to be a topological integer additive set-sequential labeling of $G$, if it is a topological integer additive set-labeling as well as an integer additive set-sequential labeling of $G$. In this paper, we study the conditions required for a graph $G$ to admit this type of IASL and propose some important characteristics of the graphs which admit this type of IASLs.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figures. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1506.0124

A Study on Edge-Set Graphs of Certain Graphs

Let $G(V, E)$ be a simple connected graph, with $|E| = \epsilon.$ In this paper, we define an edge-set graph $\mathcal G_G$ constructed from the graph $G$ such that any vertex $v_{s,i}$ of $\mathcal G_G$ corresponds to the $i$-th $s$-element subset of $E(G)$ and any two vertices $v_{s,i}, v_{k,m}$ of $\mathcal G_G$ are adjacent if and only if there is at least one edge in the edge-subset corresponding to $v_{s,i}$ which is adjacent to at least one edge in the edge-subset corresponding to $v_{k,m}$ where $s,k$ are positive integers. It can be noted that the edge-set graph $\mathcal G_G$ of a graph $G$ id dependent on both the structure of $G$ as well as the number of edges $\epsilon.$ We also discuss the characteristics and properties of the edge-set graphs corresponding to certain standard graphs.Comment: 10 pages, 2 figure

Exploring Leadership Behaviors Exhibited by Evaluation Team Leads during Innovation

Leading innovation is a difficult process because it is replete with tensions and paradoxes. Innovations require leaders to switch leadership styles depending on the context and the phase of innovation. This study used two leadership theoretical frameworks, transformational and transactional leaderships, to understand the leadership behaviors used to promote and manage the process of innovation. The purpose of this study was to explore leadership behaviors exhibited by evaluation team leaders during the process of innovation. The focus of the study was on leadership behaviors and study participants are individuals who identify as evaluators who led a team of two or more evaluators. This study used Critical Incident Technique (CIT) to better understand the leadership behaviors exhibited during the process of innovation. Through semi-structured interviews, participants described a specific innovation that he/she led during the past 24 months, the actions they took to lead and support their team, outcomes and their perspectives about the process. Contradictory behaviors were exhibited at all three key stages of innovation—insight, prototype, and adoption. Leaders described both transformational and transactional leadership behaviors at all the major innovation phases. Leaders were both people and task oriented in their leadership style

Economic Analysis of Kentucky Being a Part of the National Lambda Rail

Electronic connectivity and information network systems form a major part of the overall modern research infrastructure. High capacity networks allow for the sharing vast amounts of data between research laboratories, analysis of complex images, and other demanding computer applications. The major electronic information network that is being established in the USA to improve electronic communication in the research field is the National Lambda Rail (NLR). NLR is a nationwide broad bandwidth computing network used by leading research institutions. NLR provides national scale infrastructure for research and experimentation. Most of the member states of NLR have high ranking in terms of federal obligation to research and development. Among the south eastern IDeA states (states that have generally received a meager share of federal research and development funds) only Louisiana and Arkansas are a part of NLR. Kentucky and NLR As of now, Kentucky has not appropriated any funds to be a part of the NLR. Investing in NLR will require an upfront investment from the state and a million dollar per year commitment. The potential benefits will be realized only 3-5 years after investing in infrastructure because research labs can be set up that can utilize NLR’s high broad bandwidth capacity. On the other hand, investing in NLR right now might make Kentucky more competitive for federal funds currently allocated to research. This study explores the benefits and costs/constraints involved in the decision of implementing NLR in KY. The study attempts to assign dollar values to the cost and benefits of this decision and evaluates if it’s economically feasible for Kentucky’s public institutions to be a part of NLR. Economic feasibility Net present values were used to calculate the amount of benefits (federal grant money) that would have to be realized in order to offset the costs. For the purpose of this analysis the infrastructure and user costs of connecting Kentucky to Washington DC were used. Sensitivity analysis was performed at various discount rates, growth rates and various life spans of NLR. The benefit amount needed to break even is sensitive to the life span of the project. Higher benefit amounts are needed to break even at lower life spans. The benefit amount is relatively the same with minor changes in discount rate and benefit growth rate. At a discount rate of 5%, the average benefits that have to be realized in order to offset the costs were approximately $1.8 million (assuming that NLR’s lifespan is 20 years). The results of this analysis indicate that the benefit amount needed to break even with the cost of implementing NLR’s minimum capacity can be realized by the two major research institutions in the state in the form of grant dollars. However for these institutions to get these grants, the state should provide financial aid and support. In addition, the state institutions could also consider joining Light rail consortiums headed by states like Georgia to further reduce the recurring costs

Social issues in A. Madhavan's Stories

It is said that literature is a mirror that reflects human life. They attempt to guide and guide human life by pointing to the social situation by reflecting the society in which man lives. A. Madhavan is a native of Nanjil nadu. He is now a tamil writer living in Thiruvananthapuram. He used to trade in 'Salai', a commercial street in the heart of Thiruvananthapuram, and based on the experiences and characters he encountered in his daily business life, he has created stories in a Tamil style mixed with Malayalam. Thus, the social problems that A. Madhavan expresses in his stories are examined in detail here

Mijo (my son)

textMijo emerged as an alternate project to fulfill my MFA thesis requirement when Foreign Puzzle my initial thesis project faced serious setbacks. Foreign Puzzle is an hour-long documentary about love, life, breast cancer, dance and the transcending power of the human spirit. In an attempt to unravel an individual's struggle with mortality, to understand a child's adaptation to a mother's illness and to document the healing power of creativity, I began filming Sharon Marroquin's life from September 2010. Unfortunately, when filming real people undergoing life threatening medical illness it is impossible to stick to a timeline. Sharon Marroquin, the central character in the film developed serious medical complications that pushed the deadline for Foreign Puzzle significantly. While, I was committed to the completion of the film Foreign Puzzle, I did not want to delay my graduation from film school by almost two years and hence was forced to come up with an alternate thesis project. I had an animation script ready to go into production. But, I was so deeply involved with the production of Foreign Puzzle that it became impossible to work earnestly on a completely new film. The only viable alternative was to make a short film from the footage filmed for Foreign Puzzle. For the film to work and function independently, it had to have a strong and distinct thematic strand and not seem like a trailer or a scene from a longer film. This report is an elaboration of the process that went into the creation and exhibition of Mijo and its influence on Foreign Puzzle.Radio-Television-Fil