Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series constructed from quadratic characters

We construct multiple Dirichlet series in several complex variables whose coefficients involve quadratic residue symbols. The series are shown to have an analytic continuation and satisfy a certain group of functional equations. These are the first examples of an infinite collection of unstable Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series in greater than two variables.Comment: incorporated referee's comment

Pengimbasan Ketahanan Pisang terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium dengan Asam Salisilat In Vitro

Salicylic acid (SA) is an important signal in plant defense. It is used as induced resistance agent against Fusarium wilt. An artificial induction was conducted by shaking the shoot groups of banana tissue culture in liquid medium of Murashige-Skoog (MS). MS medium was added with 0 ppm (as control), ⅛ LC50, ¼ LC50, ½ LC50, and LC50 concentration of SA. Alive shoot groups were subcultured for about three months and were acclimated. Resistance test had been conducted in glass house by inoculated six months old banana seedlings with Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cubense (Foc). Leaves symptom were observed based on Leaf Symptom Index (LSI) and corm discoloration based on Rhizome Discoloration Index (RDI). The result of this research showed that induced banana seedlings had higher plant resistance to Fusarium wilt than control. Asam salisilat (SA) merupakan signal penting dalam ketahanan tanaman, digunakan sebagaisenyawa pengimbas ketahanan tanaman pisang terhadap penyakit layu Fusarium. Pengimbasan dilakukan pada kelompok tunas kultur jaringan pisang dalam medium kultur jaringan MS cair dengan konsentrasi SA 0 ppm (sebagai kontrol), ⅛ LC50, ¼ LC50,½LC50 danLC50.Tunas yang bertahan hidup ditumbuhkan sebagai bibit dan uji ketahanan dilakukan dirumah kaca dengan inokulasiFusariumoxysporumf.sp. cubense (Foc) pada bibit pisang umur enambulan pasca aklimatisasi. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap gejala layu pada daun (Leaf Symptom Index = LSI) dan diskolorasi pada bonggol (Rhizome Discoloration Index=RDI). Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan bahwa bibit pisang hasil pengimbasanmemiliki ketahanan yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan perlakuan kontrol

Crystal constructions in Number Theory

Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series and metaplectic Whittaker functions can be described in terms of crystal graphs. We present crystals as parameterized by Littelmann patterns and we give a survey of purely combinatorial constructions of prime power coefficients of Weyl group multiple Dirichlet series and metaplectic Whittaker functions using the language of crystal graphs. We explore how the branching structure of crystals manifests in these constructions, and how it allows access to some intricate objects in number theory and related open questions using tools of algebraic combinatorics

A Survey on Multimedia Content Protection Mechanisms

Cloud computing has emerged to influence multimedia content providers like Disney to render their multimedia services. When content providers use the public cloud, there are chances to have pirated copies further leading to a loss in revenues. At the same time, technological advancements regarding content recording and hosting made it easy to duplicate genuine multimedia objects. This problem has increased with increased usage of a cloud platform for rendering multimedia content to users across the globe. Therefore it is essential to have mechanisms to detect video copy, discover copyright infringement of multimedia content and protect the interests of genuine content providers. It is a challenging and computationally expensive problem to be addressed considering the exponential growth of multimedia content over the internet. In this paper, we surveyed multimedia-content protection mechanisms which throw light on different kinds of multimedia, multimedia content modification methods, and techniques to protect intellectual property from abuse and copyright infringement. It also focuses on challenges involved in protecting multimedia content and the research gaps in the area of cloud-based multimedia content protection

Differential metabolism of alprazolam by liver and brain cytochrome (P4503A) to pharmacologically active metabolite

Cytochrome P450 (P450) is a superfamily of enzymes which mediates metabolism of xenobiotics including drugs. Alprazolam, an anti-anxiety agent, is metabolized in rat and human liver by P4503A1 and P4503A4 respectively, to 4-hydroxy alprazolam (4-OHALP, pharmacologically less active) and α-hydroxy alprazolam (α-OHALP, pharmacologically more active). We examined P450 mediated metabolism of alprazolam by rat and human brain microsomes and observed that the relative amount of α-OHALP formed in brain was higher than liver. This biotransformation was mediated by a P450 isoform belonging to P4503A subfamily, which is constitutively expressed in neuronal cells in rat and human brain. The formation of larger amounts of α-OHALP in neurons points to local modulation of pharmacological activity in brain, at the site of action of the anti-anxiety drug. Since hydroxy metabolites of alprazolam are hydrophilic and not easily cleared through blood-CSF barrier, α-OHALP would potentially have a longer half-life in brain

Deteksi Pengimbasan Ketahanan Pisang terhadap Penyakit Layu Fusarium dengan Asam Fusarat

Fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) is the most destructive disease of banana. Until today this disease has not been successfully controlled. Fusaric acid is a toxin produced by Foc. Tyloses produced in xylem that caused wilting and yellowing of banana plants, inhibit soil nutrition and water stream. The study carried out previously showed that enriched fusaric acid in banana culture induced the resistance of banana seedlings against Foc. The signal of induced resistance increased the phenolic compounds. One of the phenolic compounds is salicylic acid. The aim of this study was to detect induced resistance of banana plant from tissue cultured enriched with fusaric acid. The experiment was done in the field highly infected with Foc. Observation of resistance was done by measuring disease percentage of yellowing and wilting leaves.Tyloses produced in xylem was observed microscopically from cross section of root. Root damage intensity was counted using tyloses score. Salicylic acid content of root was analyzed with phenolic compounds method using HPLC. The results showed that banana plants from enriched tissues culture with 1.165 ppm of fusaric acid increased the resistance against Foc, but salicylic acid was not detected. Salicylic acid was only detected at low concentration (2 ppb) in moderate resistant banana roots from induced plants with 9.32 ppm of fusaric acid. The chromatogram showed three peaks of unknown phenolic compounds. Tyloses intensity was not related with induced resistance of banana against fusarium wilt. Advanced research is needed with more plants samples. It was suggested to identify the phenolic compounds which were detected in induced resistant plant.INTISARILayu fusarium yang disebabkan oleh Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cubense (Foc) adalah penyakit yang sangat merusak pada pisang dan belum dapat dikendalikan secara tuntas. Gejala berupa kelayuan daun karena tersumbatnya xilem karena pembentukan tilosis yaitu pertumbuhan sel dalam jaringan xilem. Pengimbasan ketahanan diharapkan dapat menjadi salah satu cara pengendalian penyakit layu fusarium. Penelitian sebelumnya menunjukkan penambahan asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan dapat mengimbas ketahanan bibit pisang terhadap penyakit layu fusarium. Asam salisilat adalah salah satu signal ketahanan yang akan meningkat kandungannya bila terjadi peningkatan ketahanan akibat pengimbasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeteksi hasil pengimbasan ketahanan pisang dengan asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan. Tanaman telah ditanam di lapangan yang terinfeksi berat oleh Foc. Intensitas penyakit di lapang diamati dengan menghitung persentase daun menguning dan atau layu. Intensitas kerusakan akar diamati dengan pembuatan irisan tipis dan pengamatan tilosis dengan cara skoring. Analisis asam salisilat dalam akar dilakukan dengan metode analisis senyawa fenol menggunakan HPLC. Hasil penelitian tanaman dari bibit yang diimbas dengan 1,165 ppm asam fusarat dalam kultur jaringan menunjukkan peningkatan ketahanan di lapang. Intensitas tilosis lebih rendah pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya dibandingkan yang tidak diimbas. Asam salisilat dalam tanaman yang diimbas ketahannnya denga asam fusarat 9,32 ppm terdeteksi pada konsentrasi yang sangat rendah yaitu 2 ppb, dengan ketahanan moderat. Pada tanaman hasil pengimbasan yang menunjukkan kriteria tahan asam salisilat tidak terdeteksi, namun terdeteksi tiga puncak senyawa fenol yang belum teridentifikasi. Intensitas tilosis pada tanaman yang diimbas ketahanannya tidak menunjukkan penurunan dibandingkan dengan tanaman yang tidak diperlakukan. Penelitian ini perlu dilanjutkan dengan sampel yang lebih banyak. Identifikasi jenis senyawa fenol perlu dilakukan dalam penelitian lanjutan

Study of Dengue virus E proteingene of clinical isolates of Andhra Pradesh: in the contest to Epidemiological features

In this current article, we showed the dengue virus serotype 2 protein E gene from the clinical samples of Andhra Pradesh in an acute phase infection. The models showed positive for the protein E gene with RT-PCR techniques and cellular isolates. Two unique sequences are identified with new substrains, which are similar to the hermits of the earlier reports. This study provided the epidemiology insight of the isolated strain through the phylogenetic analyses

Clinical isolates of Anantapuramu for the protein E isolation of the dengue virus

In theclinical samples from the state of Anantapuramu, the dengue virus serotype 2 protein E gene was found. It was established that the protein E gene was present in the models by using RT-PCR and cellular isolates. There has been one new sub strain discovered that are akin to the hermits described in previous investigations. An investigation of the epidemiology of the isolated strain was conducted using a phylogenetic analysis of the strain

Knowledge, anxiety levels and attitudes of infertile couples towards COVID-19 and its impact on self-funded fertility treatment : a cross-sectional questionnaire survey

Acknowledgement We thank the couples who were willing to participate in the study. Funding This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.Peer reviewedPublisher PD