A computational system biology approach to construct gene regulatory networks for salinity response in rice (Oryza sativa)

Salinity is one of the most common abiotic stress which limits agricultural crop production. Salinity stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important trait controlled by various genes. The mechanism of salinity stress response in rice is quite complex. Modelling and construction of genetic regulatory networks is an important tool and can be used for understanding this underlying mechanism. This paper considers the problem of modeling and construction of Gene Regulatory Networks using Multiple Linear Regression and Singular Value Decomposition approach coupled with a number of computational tools. The gene networks constructed by using this approach satisfied the scale free property of biological networks and such networks can be used to extract valuable information on the transcription factors, which are salt responsive. The gene ontology enrichment analysis of selected nodes is performed. The developed model can also be used for predicting the gene responses under stress condition and the result shows that the model fits well for the given gene expression data in rice. In this paper, we have identified ten target genes and a series of potential transcription factors for each target gene in rice which are highly salt responsive

Self adaptive controlling mechanism to optimize the efficiency of network implementing Routing –as-a-Service

In today's Internet, clients can pick their neighborhood Internet specialist co-ops (ISPs), yet once their bundles have entered the system, they have little control over the general courses their parcels take. It gives a client the capacity to pick between supplier level courses, the capability of encouraging ISP rivalry to offer upgraded benefit and enhancing end-to-end execution and unwavering quality. Its gives client the capacity to pick the succession of suppliers his parcels take. Another system is intended to present the parts, and assess a model in light of RaaS (Routing-as-a-Service). The new structure addresses a wide scope of issues, including commonsense supplier pay, versatile course revelation, effective course representation, quick course bomb over, and security. It underpins client decision without running a worldwide connection state directing convention. It breaks a conclusion to-end course into a sender part and a recipient part and gives the client to give include according to the necessity. A client can indicate a course with just a source and a goal address, and switch courses by exchanging input. The structure is assessed utilizing a mix of system estimation, reproduction, and investigation

Identification and Characterization of Differentially Expressed Transcripts in the Gills of Freshwater Prawn (Macrobrachium rosenbergii) under Salt Stress

The giant freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium rosenbergii, is an economically important species. It is a euryhaline shrimp, surviving in wide-range salinity conditions. A change in gene expression has been suggested as an important component for stress management. To better understand the osmoregulatory mechanisms mediated by the gill, a subtractive and suppressive hybridization (SSH) tool was used to identify expressed transcripts linked to adaptations in saline water. A total of 117 transcripts represented potentially expressed under salinity conditions. BLAST analysis identified 22% as known genes, 9% as uncharacterized showing homologous to unannotated ESTs, and 69% as unknown sequences. All the identified known genes representing broad spectrum of biological pathways were particularly linked to stress tolerance including salinity tolerance. Expression analysis of 10 known genes and 7 unknown/uncharacterized genes suggested their upregulation in the gills of prawn exposed to saline water as compared to control indicating that these are likely to be associated with salinity acclimation. Rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) was used for obtaining full-length cDNA of MRSW-40 clone that was highly upregulated during salt exposure. The sequenced ESTs presented here will have potential implications for future understanding about salinity acclimation and/or tolerance of the prawn

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Not AvailableSalinity is one of the most common abiotic stress which limits agricultural crop production. Salinity stress tolerance in rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important trait controlled by various genes. The mechanism of salinity stress response in rice is quite complex. Modelling and construction of genetic regulatory networks is an important tool and can be used for understanding this underlying mechanism. This paper considers the problem of modeling and construction of Gene Regulatory Networks using Multiple Linear Regression and Singular Value Decomposition approach coupled with a number of computational tools. The gene networks constructed by using this approach satisfied the scale free property of biological networks and such networks can be used to extract valuable information on the transcription factors, which are salt responsive. The gene ontology enrichment analysis of selected nodes is performed. The developed model can also be used for predicting the gene responses under stress condition and the result shows that the model fits well for the given gene expression data in rice. In this paper, we have identified ten target genes and a series of potential transcription factors for each target gene in rice which are highly salt responsive.Not Availabl

Chitosan: An Autocidal Molecule of Plant Pathogenic Fungus

The rise in the world’s food demand with the increasing population threatens the existence of civilization with two equally valuable concerns: increase in global food production and sustainability in the ecosystem. Furthermore, biotic and abiotic stresses are adversely affecting agricultural production. Among them, losses caused by insect pests and pathogens have been shown to be more destructive to agricultural production. However, for winning the battle against the abundance of insect pests and pathogens and their nature of resistance development, the team of researchers is searching for an alternative way to minimize losses caused by them. Chitosan, a natural biopolymer, coupled with a proper application method and effective dose could be an integral part of sustainable alternatives in the safer agricultural sector. In this review, we have integrated the insight knowledge of chitin-chitosan interaction, successful and efficient use of chitosan, recommended and practical methods of use with well-defined doses, and last but not least the dual but contrast mode of action of the chitosan in hosts and as well as in pathogens

Genome-Wide Analysis and Characterization of the Proline-Rich Extensin-like Receptor Kinases (PERKs) Gene Family Reveals Their Role in Different Developmental Stages and Stress Conditions in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Proline-rich extensin-like receptor kinases (PERKs) are a class of receptor kinases implicated in multiple cellular processes in plants. However, there is a lack of information on the PERK gene family in wheat. Therefore, we identified 37 PERK genes in wheat to understand their role in various developmental processes and stress conditions. Phylogenetic analysis of PERK genes from Arabidopsis thaliana, Oryza sativa, Glycine max, and T. aestivum grouped them into eight well-defined classes. Furthermore, synteny analysis revealed 275 orthologous gene pairs in B. distachyon, Ae. tauschii, T. dicoccoides, O. sativa and A. thaliana. Ka/Ks values showed that most TaPERK genes, except TaPERK1, TaPERK2, TaPERK17, and TaPERK26, underwent strong purifying selection during evolutionary processes. Several cis-acting regulatory elements, essential for plant growth and development and the response to light, phytohormones, and diverse biotic and abiotic stresses, were predicted in the promoter regions of TaPERK genes. In addition, the expression profile of the TaPERK gene family revealed differential expression of TaPERK genes in various tissues and developmental stages. Furthermore, TaPERK gene expression was induced by various biotic and abiotic stresses. The RT-qPCR analysis also revealed similar results with slight variation. Therefore, this study’s outcome provides valuable information for elucidating the precise functions of TaPERK in developmental processes and diverse stress conditions in wheat