Variasi Sisik Tumbuhan Paku Terestrial di Kampus IPB, Dramaga, Bogor : Variations of Terrestrial Scale Fern on The Campus of IPB University, Dramaga, Bogor

IPB Dramaga campus has high biodiversity, one of which is terrestrial ferns. Ferns have scales or hairs that cover the rhizome, petiole and leaf blade. The characteristic of scales can be used in the identification of fern species.  The aim of this study was to determine the morphological diversity of terrestrial fern scales collected from the IPB Dramaga campus. The fern scales was observed under a light microscope connected to an indomicro and the density was calculated. The rhizome and petiole scales found in the form of lanceolate, ovate, subulate, linear, and reniform. The tip of the scales varies from thick, and needle-like, thin, and thick.  The edges of the scales vary, namely threaded, flat, or banded. The attachments of the base of the scales found were, peltate. pseudopeltate, and basifix. The color of the scales varies from transparent, yellow, light brown, fawn, and dark brown. The scale density ranged from 0.6 to 21.3/mm2. The Pteridaceae have more characteristics in common between their genera than the other two family, but these similarities cannot be used for taxonomic identification and classification, because they are not specific for each genus

Peran BUMDES Dalam Meningkatkan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi Pedesaan Melalui Penguatan Sumber Daya Manusia

The rural economy is still an obstacle in the lives of villagers. Paradigm built in rural communities is poverty, deterioration, backwardness, and various forms of discrimination against the development and growth in rural communities. The most fundamental aspect is the inability of rural communities to manage, develop, and optimize the potential of local and village resources to improve the welfare of the community. Public welfare a major goal in the various aspects of life of the nation. Various programs have been carried out by the government in order to develop and build the local economy with a variety of perspectives and methods. Improve the economy of rural communities in Act 6 of 2014 About the Village provides an option that is expected to form a government village BUMDes (village-owned enterprises). BUMDes provide the widest possible space for the village government to regulate independent local potential and innovation with various facilities provided by the government ole much as 1.4 Billion funding for rural development effectively and efficiently, including infrastructure, education, economy, and programs for welfare for villagers to develop into a concrete and comprehensive. BUMDes optimization by building trust to the community through active participation in parallel that can be done together. BUMDes accommodate all local potential yield components to be managed and developed into a superior product as the process of economic development of society. Excellent products developed through BUMDes can be marketed nationally and internationally in order to improve the quality of the local potential. Therefore, BUMDes will be central to the economy of rural communities to national development. Nation building should start from the development of the village as the spearhead of government. Back to the village to build a village for the bette

Anatomical and Cytological Features of Spathoglottis Plicata From Java Island

Spathoglottis plicata is a ground orchid that displays large variation in flower features. In spite of large variation on morphological characters, its anatomical and cytological characters are not well known. This paper described the leaf anatomical and chromosomal features of S. plicata. Leaf anatomy was observed from both transverse and paradermal sections of leaves. Chromosome numbers were observed from root tip cells. Epidermis of all S. plicata variants comprised of two cell shapes, the rectangle cells located above veins, while the polygonal one located in between veins. Stomatal type was brachitetracyclic, which were only found on lower epidermis. Leaf transversal section comprised of one layer of upper and lower epidermis, spongy mesophyll, and vascular tissue. The number of leaf hair varied depended on the original habitat and altitute. All variants of S. plicata had same chromosome number (2n=40)

PELAKSANAAN SIMP (SOLIDITAS, INTEGRITAS, MENTALITAS, PROFESIONALITAS) UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN

This research aims to protect all the interests that exist for the sake of democracy, act according to the standard and not just do a simple task, along establish the motivation of work transparantly,professional, accountable, thus not easy to directed to and by who for a certain interests and can establish a relations between people, other institutions and can give support ups and downs based on the institutions structural. Act same as what to say and what to do, thus will get people trust to establish an image. Being integrity to realize a little thing is important, because capable to find out and revealed the truth is true and not take own decisions, which is transparant and devout, not as a message, create culture confidence, though princip, control and personal nonesuch and give a personal appreciations and honest and humble, not proclaiming kindness or personal honesty. The mental must be strong and not easily give up in any circumstances, even space and time, whenever and wherever. Keyword: solidity, integrity, mentallity, profesionalit

Newly described species of Endiandra (Lauraceae) from New Guinea.

Two new species of Endiandra (Lauraceae), i.e. Endiandra areolata Arifiani and Endiandra lanata Arifiani are described from New Guinea. Both species have staminal glands, but their form is different in the two species.  Moreover, E. areolata Arifiani is characterized by its prominent areolation formed by the minor venation, and E. lanata Arifiani is easily recognized by the presence of a dense curly indument on its twig, leaves, inflorescences and flowers

NEW CYTOTYPES OF PTERIS ENSIFORMIS VAR. VICTORIAE FROM INDONESIA

New cytotypes of Pteris ensiformis var. victoriae and one cytotype of var. ensiformis are recorded from Indonesia: var. victoriae with 2n=58 (sexual diploid) from Gorontalo, North       Sulawesi, and 2n=87 (triploid) from Lombok Island and Bogor, West Java; and var. ensiformis with 2n=116 (sexual tetraploid). The diploid is smaller than the triploid in plant size. Results indicate a cytological variation in var. victoriae, like in var. ensiformis.</p

Phytochemical Composition of Selaginella spp. from Java Island Indonesia

For a long time, people in West Java, Indonesia have used Selaginella as a traditional cure for several ailments including fever, minor wounds, broken bones, women’s health disorders or postnatal bleeding. However, information on the active compounds of the plant from Java Island has not been fully expounded. The objective of the research was to reveal the diversity of bioactive compounds and amentoflavone content of Selaginella from Java Island in order to optimize the use of this plant as a medicinal plant. Selaginella plants collected from 29 locations in Java were extracted and subjected to colorimetric and thin layer chromatography test to qualitatively analyze the bioactive compounds of alkaloid, phenol, and steroid. In addition, high performance liquid chromatography was performed to analyze the amentofalvone content of Selaginella extract. The research result showed that all the examined Selaginella species contained alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and steroid, but they did not contain hydroquinone. Seven of them contained the biflavonoid type of amentoflavone. The highest amentoflavone concentration, 6.87 ppm, was found in S. subalpina that originated from Gedung Songo, Central Java. Those results indicated that more than one Selaginella species originating from Java Island had marked potential for use as medicinal plants. menggunakan Selaginella untuk menyembuhkan secara tradisional beberapa penyakit seperti panas, luka ringan, patah tulang, masalah kewanitaan, dan pendarahan setelah melahirkan. Namun, informasi tentang senyawa aktif dari Selaginella yang berasal dari Pulau Jawa belum sepenuhnya diketahui. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengungkapkan keanekaragaman senyawa bioaktif dan kandungan amentoflavon dari Selaginella yang berasal dari Pulau Jawa dengan maksud untuk memaksimalkan pemanfaatan tumbuhan ini sebagai tumbuhan obat. Bahan Selaginella yang dikoleksi dari 29 lokasi di Pulau Jawa diekstraksi dan digunakan sebagai bahan dalam uji colorimetric dan thin layer chromatography untuk menganalisis secara kualitatif senyawa bioaktif alkaloid, phenol, dan steroid. Selain itu, high performance liquid chromatography dilakukan untuk menganalisis kandungan amentofalvone dari ekstrak Selaginella. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua spesies Selaginella yang diuji mengandung alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tannin, and steroid, tetapi tidak mengandung hydroquinon. Tujuh spesies Selaginella berisi biflavonoid tipe amentoflavon. Kandungan amentoflavon tertinggi yaitu konsentrasi 6.87 ppm dihasilkan oleh S. subalpina yang berasal dari Gedung Songo, Jawa Tengah. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa lebih dari satu spesies Selaginella yang berasal dari Pulau Jawa sangat potensial untuk digunakan sebagai tumbuhan obat. Keywords: amentoflavone, biflavonoid, diversity, Selaginell

A PHENETIC STUDY OF THE CALAMUS FLABELLATUS COMPLEX (PALMAE) IN WEST MALESIA

SYAM, N., CHIKMAWATI, T. & RUSTIAMI, H. 2016. A phenetic study of the Calamus flabellatus complex (Palmae) in West Malesia. Reinwardtia 15(1): 27 - 41. — The number of species within the Calamus flabellatus  complex is still under controversy because the taxonomic status of the species is not yet clear. Morphological observations were conducted on 119 collections of Calamus in the Herbarium Bogoriense (BO) and specimen images from the  Singapore Herbarium (SING) and Kew Herbarium (K). The results showed that C. flabellatus complex (all species related to C. flabellatus)  in West Malesia  consisted of eight  species and two varieties, i.e. C. acuminatus, C. amplijugus, C. congestiflorus, C. corrugatus, C. flabellatus, C. hypertrichosus, C. javensis, and C. ruvidus. They can be distinguished using several characters, i.e. leaf sheath, knee, ocrea, leaves, inflorescence, shape of fruit, number scale of fruit and seed. Calamus flabellatus var. laevibus and C. flabellatus var. congestispinosus are two new proposed varieties. Phenetic analysis of C. flabellatus complex in West Malesia divided all species into two major clusters with similarity coefficient of 46%

Homegarden Ethnobotany of Two Saibatin Villages in Lampung, Indonesia: Species Diversity, Uses, and Values

Since homegardens reflect a culture of a particular ethnic group, the study in homegardens provide unique insights into ethnobotany. The Saibatin sub-tribe in Lampung has extensive uses for plants, but an ethnobotanical study of their homegardens are still lacking. This study aimed to describe the structure and composition of the Saibatin community homegarden and to explain the diversity of plants and the usage patterns through an ethnobotany perspective. The study also aimed to elaborate species with social-economic and ecological functions and to describe the overall functions of homegardens. Ethnobotanical data were collected using participant observation methods, which were complemented by questionnaires. We determined the key respondents and common respondents using the purposive sampling and snowball sampling method, while homegarden plant species diversity was identified using vegetation analysis methods. The results showed that 3 size categories of homegardens are present in this area, including narrow, medium, and broad. The homegarden structure consisted of hadap/tangebah (front yard), gelekhan (side yard), and kudan (backyard). Six types of habitus composed the homegarden structure, namely herbaceous, epiphytes, shrubs, trees, succulents, and vines. The homegarden species richness index (DMg) in Way Jambu Village (WJA) (17.34) was higher than Labuhan Mandi Village (LMA) (16.87). Even so, the homegarden plant diversity (H’) and evenness (J ) in LMA was higher than WJA. There were 16 plant usage categories used by the Saibatin community (WJA 15; LMA14). Foodstuffs were the usage category of homegardens with the highest number of species in both villages. The species ICS value ranges between the two villages were relatively similar. The highest ICS species in WJA was Cocos nucifera while in LMA was Cymbopogon citratus. By studying ethnobotany of Saibatin sub-tribe homegarden we conclude that the three main roles of the homegardens are to provide social-economic impacts, ecological services, and representing the cultural value of Saibatin community identit

A Study on Diversity and Distribution of Figs (Ficus, Moraceae) in Bogor City, West Java, Indonesia

Ficus (Moraceae) is a keystone resource species in the tropical region, and it contributes significantly to Bogor City's vegetation composition. Ficus spp. provide habitat for urban animals and contribute to providing environmental services for the community. Minimum data distribution and increasing land-use change possibly decrease Ficus diversity in Bogor City. This study aimed to analyse the diversity and distribution of Ficus spp. in Bogor City. The research was conducted by dividing Bogor City into 128 plots sized 1 x 1 km. Relative abundance and distribution analysis used QGIS version 3.10.2-A Coruña. A total of 37 species of Ficus spp. from six subgenera were found in Bogor. The highest distribution is mainly located around the Bogor Botanic Gardens and the Ahmad Yani City Forest in a tree and hemiepiphyte. Ficus benjamina and Ficus septica were the most common species found and spread throughout Bogor City. The significant land-use change in Bogor City has resulted in Ficus spp. generally spread in the northern and central parts. In contrast, in the southern part, they are relatively low. Some Ficus can also be bioindicators because they have growing habitats that tend to be specific and spread in certain areas. The presence of the Bogor Botanic Gardens has an important role in increasing the diversity of Ficus spp. in Bogor City.