農業者と食べ手を結びつける実践の諸相－「多様性経済」の概念からオルタナティブフードネットワークを読みとく－

京都大学新制・課程博士博士(農学)甲第24299号農博第2528号新制||農||1095(附属図書館)学位論文||R4||N5422(農学部図書室)京都大学大学院農学研究科生物資源経済学専攻(主査)教授 秋津 元輝, 教授 辻村 英之, 教授 久野 秀二学位規則第4条第1項該当Doctor of Agricultural ScienceKyoto UniversityDGA

Pollution of Polyaromatic Hydrocarbons in the Airborne Particles in the Developing Countries in Asia Region

Joint Research on Environmental Science and Technology for the Eart

Uncoupling protein 3 attenuates generation of reactive oxygen species by interacting with thioredoxin 2 in the mitochondrial intermembrane space

Katsuya Hirasaka1*, Edward M Mills2, Shohei Kohno1, Tomoki Abe1, Chika Ikeda1, Tasuku Maeda1, Shigetada Kondo1, Ayako Maita1, Yuushi Okumura1 and Takeshi Nikawa1 Author Affiliations 1 Department of Nutritional Physiology, Institute of Health Biosciences, University of Tokushima, Tokushima, 770-8503, Japan 2 Division of Pharmacology/Toxicology, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USAPoster presentation Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is primarily expressed in the inner membrane of skeletal muscle mitochondria. It has been proposed that UCP3 reduces production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxidative damage. However, the mechanisms by which UCP3 attenuates ROS production are not well understood. Here we report that UCP3 interacts with the non-processed form of thioredoxin 2 (Trx2), a redox protein that is localized in mitochondria, but not processed Trx2, which is involved in cellular responses to ROS. The hydrophilic sequences within the N-terminal tail of UCP3, which faces the intermembrane space, are necessary for binding to Trx2. In addition, Trx2 directly associated with UCP3 through a mitochondrial targeting signaling sequence, was processed in the intermembrane space, and thereby allowing redox reactions. A bimolecular fluorescence complementation analysis demonstrated that the interaction of these proteins occurs in the mitochondrial intermembrane space. Furthermore, increased UCP3 expression significantly attenuated ROS production in isolated mitochondrial without effects on membrane potential, however this effect is lost by Trx2 knock down. These results suggest that UCP3 binds to Trx2 in the mitochondrial intermembrane space and attenuates ROS production.Pharmac

Bioorthogonal chemical labeling of endogenous neurotransmitter receptors in living mouse brains

生きた動物脳内で発現する神経伝達物質受容体に目印を付ける新手法を開発 --遺伝子操作を伴わず、生体内でたんぱく質の機能解析が可能に--. 京都大学プレスリリース. 2024-02-05.Neurotransmitter receptors are essential components of synapses for communication between neurons in the brain. Because the spatiotemporal expression profiles and dynamics of neurotransmitter receptors involved in many functions are delicately governed in the brain, in vivo research tools with high spatiotemporal resolution for receptors in intact brains are highly desirable. Covalent labeling by chemical reaction (chemical labeling) of proteins without genetic manipulation is now a powerful method for analyzing receptors in vitro. However, selective target receptor labeling in the brain has not yet been achieved. This study shows that ligand-directed alkoxyacylimidazole (LDAI) chemistry can be used to selectively tether synthetic probes to target endogenous receptors in living mouse brains. The reactive LDAI reagents with negative charges were found to diffuse well over the whole brain and could selectively label target endogenous receptors, including AMPAR, NMDAR, mGlu1, and GABAAR. This simple and robust labeling protocol was then used for various applications: three-dimensional spatial mapping of endogenous receptors in the brains of healthy and disease-model mice; multi-color receptor imaging; and pulse–chase analysis of the receptor dynamics in postnatal mouse brains. Here, results demonstrated that bioorthogonal receptor modification in living animal brains may provide innovative molecular tools that contribute to the in-depth understanding of complicated brain functions

Importance of “meal first” strategy and effective situations of supplement use in elite athletes: Japan high performance sport center position stand

The “meal first” strategy is traditionally recommended for athletes' conditioning. However, the importance of the “meal first” principle has not been detailly well documented in athletes' lives. Supplement use has recently become a common part of athletes' diets, but unmonitored supplement use can cause negative consequences, such as anti-doping violations and health issues. Therefore, this review summarizes how the “meal first” strategy and planned supplement use are important for enhancing athletes’ health and performance. We believe that the “meal first” strategy is beneficial in terms of the following aspects: (1) consumption of multi-nutrients and other functional components simultaneously; (2) positive effects on psychological well-being; (3) contribution to athletes' health by way of mastication; and (4) less risk for anti-doping violations. Before supplement use, we recommend that athletes first verify their basic factors (e.g., diet, training, and sleep), given that the benefits of supplements are examined and demonstrated with the control of those factors. Otherwise, athletes cannot obtain maximal benefits from the supplements. In contrast, there are situations in which supplements in athletes' lives can be advantageous, such as (1) nutrient deficiency due to ongoing dietary characteristics; (2) interruption of meals due to disease; (3) inaccessibility of quality food during athletic travel; (4) difficulty preparing food due to societal restrictions associated with disasters or infection outbreaks; (5) having a meal before, during, or after exercise is difficult; and (6) achieving targeted intake of performance-enhancing ingredients is not practical. In summary, we emphasize that the “meal first” strategy is recommended for athletes' conditioning, but there are several contexts when supplement use can be more useful in athletes' lives

Instructional Plan to Associate Exploration Activities in Three years' High School Curriculum for Developing Problem Solving Abilities ─ Practices Based on the Warp and Woof Model ─

P(論文)「総合的な探究の時間」の目標のひとつである“ 実社会や実生活と自己との関わりから問いを見いだし，自分で課題を立て，情報を集め，整理・分析して，まとめ・表現する”ことを達成するための指導計画を設計し，その実践を報告する．高校3年間にわたり問題解決の縦糸・横糸モデルを活用した明示的指導により，生徒は枠組みを意識して問題解決に取り組むことができるようになっていた．さらに今後は，主体的・対話的で深い学びの実現に向け，松田（2020）の新・逆向き設計手法を適用し，問題解決型授業実践から各教科において活用可能な知識内容を厳選し指導する方策を検討課題に位置付ける．departmental bulletin pape

【助成金報告】倉吉市内のシニアクラブ会員のハガキ出し運動の効果検証とご当地音頭による健康づくりの試み

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The Yeast Tor Signaling Pathway Is Involved in G2/M Transition via Polo-Kinase

The target of rapamycin (Tor) protein plays central roles in cell growth. Rapamycin inhibits cell growth and promotes cell cycle arrest at G1 (G0). However, little is known about whether Tor is involved in other stages of the cell division cycle. Here we report that the rapamycin-sensitive Tor complex 1 (TORC1) is involved in G2/M transition in S. cerevisiae. Strains carrying a temperature-sensitive allele of KOG1 (kog1-105) encoding an essential component of TORC1, as well as yeast cell treated with rapamycin show mitotic delay with prolonged G2. Overexpression of Cdc5, the yeast polo-like kinase, rescues the growth defect of kog1-105, and in turn, Cdc5 activity is attenuated in kog1-105 cells. The TORC1-Type2A phosphatase pathway mediates nucleocytoplasmic transport of Cdc5, which is prerequisite for its proper localization and function. The C-terminal polo-box domain of Cdc5 has an inhibitory role in nuclear translocation. Taken together, our results indicate a novel function of Tor in the regulation of cell cycle and proliferation

Development and Practice of Introductory Teaching Materials for Science "Problem- Based Learning" on the Theme of "Removal of Roadside Utility Poles"

P(論文)平成29年～ 30年に改訂された学習指導要領においては，持続可能な開発のための教育（ESD）や主権者教育などが取り上げられている．本稿では，新・逆向き設計に基づき，SDGsに関連した政策の評価を「総合的な学習の時間」で生徒が取り組めるようにするため，各教科で行う探究活動の準備段階で用いるゲーミング教材について，特に理科の物理と生物の知識を活用する教材を開発した．教材は無電柱化の政策に関する評価を題材とし，学習した知識と関連付ける形で優先的に無電柱化に取り組む地域の優先度を検証する活動を通じて，探究活動の流れと探究における知識活用の方法論を学び今後取り組む探究活動や市民生活における理科の知識の活用の見通しを得ることを教材の目標とした．実践の結果，生徒は理科の知識の重要性を認識した一方，教材に関しては化学の知識活用の追加，時間配分の改善，定量的評価を用いた探究の導入の3 点の改善点があった．departmental bulletin pape