Андрогенез In vitro гібридів соняшнику за участю дикорослих видів

Androgenesis ability of sunflower hybrids breeded with sharing cultured lines Helianthus annuus L. and wild specieses H. decapetalus, H. divaricatus, H. giganteus, H. microcephalus, H. nuttallіi was analyzed. The influence of genotype and cultivation medium on the quantity of new formation is differentiated. The primary influence of one factor on new formations quantity in most samples is not found. Samples with high ability to androgenesis are determined: hybrids of lines Х114В, Х762В and species H. decapetalus andH. divaricatus. Проанализирована способность к андрогенезу гибридов подсолнечника, созданных при участии культурных линий Helianthus annuus и дикорастущих диплоидных видов H.decapetalus, H. divaricatus, H.giganteus, H.microcephalus, H.nuttallii. Дифференцировано влияние на количество новообразований генотипа и среды культивирования. Преимущественного влияния одного фактора на количество новообразований у большинства образцов не найдено. Установлены образцы с высокой способностью к андрогенезу: гибриды при участии линий Х114В, Х762В и видов H.decapetalus, H. divaricatus. Проаналізовано здатність до андрогенезу у 25 гібридів соняшнику, створених за участю культурних ліній Helianthusannuusі дикорослих диплоїдних видів H. decapetalus, H. divaricatus, H. giganteus, H. microcephalus, H. nuttallii. Диференційовано вплив на кількість новоутворень генотипу та середовища культивування. Переважного впливу одного фактора на кількість новоутворень у більшості зразків не знайдено. Встановлено зразки з найвищою андрогенною здатністю: гібриди за участю ліній Х114В, Х762В і видів H. decapetalus, H. divaricatus.

Hemispheric Asymmetry Gender Differences in Preadolescent Children

Background: Investigating various postnatal parameters of cerebral hemispheres is of great practical value.Objective: To study gender differences in hemispheric parameters and interhemispheric interactions in preadolescent children.Materials and methods: The retrospective study assessed archived brain magnetic resonance images of 60 eight-year-old boys and 60 eight-year-old girls. The analyzed parameters were as follows: 1) hemispheric length; 2) hemispheric width; 3) hemispheric height; 4) width-longitudinal index of a hemisphere; 5) altitude-longitudinal index of a hemisphere; 6) length of frontal lobes; 7) length of parietal lobes; 8) length of occipital lobes; 9) length of temporal lobes. Quantitative indicators were assessed for normal distribution using the Kolmogorov–Smirnov test. Source data were accumulated and arranged in Microsoft Excel 2016 spreadsheets. Statistica 10.0 was used for the statistical analysis. The results were considered statistically significant with P < 0.05.Results: The analysis of cephalometric indicators suggests sex-related variation in the cerebral hemispheres. Based on the obtained data we can identify morphometric parameters of interhemispheric variability that may act as one of the morphometric criteria for the brain asymmetry. The study results can be widely used for neuroimaging.Conclusions: We determined cephalometric reference values for various cerebral hemispheres parts in preadolescent children

Plasmonic nanoparticle monomers and dimers: From nano-antennas to chiral metamaterials

We review the basic physics behind light interaction with plasmonic nanoparticles. The theoretical foundations of light scattering on one metallic particle (a plasmonic monomer) and two interacting particles (a plasmonic dimer) are systematically investigated. Expressions for effective particle susceptibility (polarizability) are derived, and applications of these results to plasmonic nanoantennas are outlined. In the long-wavelength limit, the effective macroscopic parameters of an array of plasmonic dimers are calculated. These parameters are attributable to an effective medium corresponding to a dilute arrangement of nanoparticles, i.e., a metamaterial where plasmonic monomers or dimers have the function of "meta-atoms". It is shown that planar dimers consisting of rod-like particles generally possess elliptical dichroism and function as atoms for planar chiral metamaterials. The fabricational simplicity of the proposed rod-dimer geometry can be used in the design of more cost-effective chiral metamaterials in the optical domain.Comment: submitted to Appl. Phys.